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There is a growing concern that China has become more assertive in its foreign policies. The fear is whether China's economic growth may translate into modern and effective military advancement. This engenders the critical question of whether China feels comfortable in the current international order, which is defined by international law and institutions. This article argues that the Chinese approach to international law and institutions is tightly associated with its evolving perception of sovereignty, and national interests vis-à-vis international law and institutions, and is characterised by a love-hate attitude towards them. With its opening up, China now views multilateralism as a way for the international community to constrain the capriciousness of a superpower, and regards the international institutions simply as power-sharing development. However, China's integration in international institutions represents its attempt to work within international norms to pursue its interests. China's ambivalence towards international judicial settlement of disputes signals the historical legacy as well as China's uneasiness with playing an active role in international institution-building and rule-making. (China/GIGA)

The main purpose of this article is to provide a framework of international legal conventions which may amount to an "umbrella regime" for EU member states as regards their treatment of Turkish migrants, thus supplementing the protection already available in domestic Taw. To this end, the study pulls together analyses of relevant parts of international and supranational law within the context of Turkish migrants in Europe that are applicable in protecting the rights of immigrants. In particular, the Ankara Association Agreement of 1963 and its components have put Turkish migrants in a more favorable position than most of the other non-EU migrants, hence creating a sort of "intermediate" regime for them. The study has confirmed that the developments under the EU law have remained and will remain the main source of progress as far as the rights of Turkish migrants are concerned. Nevertheless, it also draws attention to a significant countereffect of such positive developments, that is the danger of unwillingness on the part of the EU member states to enlarge the scope of the rights granted to Turkish immigrants under the aforementioned legal frameworks.