Suchergebnisse

This study focused on a Russian agrarian microregion (12.5 km2) situated in a forest steppe area (in Tambov Oblast) during the 18th–19th centuries. The research illuminates the mechanisms, patterns, and impact that the environment has on social processes, and vice versa — the human impact on the environment (and particularly on landscape). The authors created a geographic information system which they used to compare the results of aerial survey and satellite imagery, with historical maps and other sources, including archival documents. Morphological anomalies were identified on an orthophotomap, and then interpreted. The conclusions of the research concern the nature of interaction between the agrarian society and the environment. Settlement in the plains of the forest steppe was heavily dependent on the water regime, which directly affected the condition and dynamics of communication routes and economic infrastructure. The vanished settlement found in this study is an example of such an effect: it grew up along a road and was abandoned when the areas through which the road ran were waterlogged. Plain rivers can alter the surrounding landscape quite drastically over relatively short historical periods, and are themselves subject to anthropogenic influence. Changes in living conditions and economic management led to variability in settlement patterns and land use. This can be seen especially well in the lowland, where such schemes were predominantly temporary. The processing of Earth remote sensing data makes it possible to fill gaps in sources and discover new evidence of the past.

The article is focused on theoretical and practical aspects of adaptation of participative management model to Russian conditions on the example of interaction of entrepreneurial community (small business) with local au-thorities in single-industry cities of Nizhny Novgorod region. The interaction between government and business is viewed through the prism of basic theoretical concepts (resource approach, theory of capital); the characteris-tics of the models of interaction between authorities and entrepreneurs that have developed in world practice are presented. Results of a sociological survey carried out by sociologists from National Research University named after N.I. Lobachevsky in the fall of 2022 are presented in this work. The aim of the study (using the method of focus groups) is to determine the readiness of entrepreneurs of small towns in the Nizhny Novgorod region for managing the development of the territory in partnership with local authorities using the participative model. It is concluded that the business communities of Gorodets and Semyonov are focused on interaction with the authorities, but on different models of implementation. It is emphasized that that there are signs of the formation of a collective actor with the potential to develop territories in the course of their participatory man-agement.

The article analyzes the concept of "corruption" and approaches to counteract this phenomenon in modern Russia. The development trends of federal anti-corruption legislation and regional practice of legal regulation in this area are considered. The specifics of the organization of anti-corruption mechanisms at the local self-government level and the prospects of using individual preventive measures in the context of the overall effectiveness of anti-corruption in the municipality are emphasized.

The concept of "Service state" and the paradigm of consumption in public administration are gradually laughing at the paradigm of participation. The terms "joint leadership", "joint management" are included not only in theory, but also in practice. The article examines two related categories "joint production" and "joint management", defines the specificity of these concepts. The definition of "joint public administration" is proposed, the development of which in the doctrine of law and administration is necessary, since "joint leadership" has become a new principle of public administration.