Suchergebnisse

AbstractDespite decades of sweeping socioeconomic and cultural transformations, extended households remain widespread in many regions of the world. The mechanisms explaining this persistence are not well‐established. The research reported on here investigates these mechanisms in India, where the prevalence of stem and joint households ranks among the highest in the world. Combining demographic and ethnographic data, this study compares processes of household change in two villages in India's Deccan Plateau. Results highlight key pathways by which development can contribute to both the decline and persistence of joint households. In the first village, joint households have become virtually extinct in recent years. Analyses suggest that frequent labor migrations, depopulation, and slow economic growth largely explain this decline. In the second village, there was a recent increase in the prevalence of joint households. The expansion of irrigation created economic opportunities in farming and other industries. Many young men now jointly invest in land with their father and brother(s) instead of purchasing separate houses. This suggests that agricultural improvements and the revitalization of the village economy have stimulated the formation of joint households. In both villages, ethnographic data reveal the ambivalent preferences and practical considerations underpinning residential decisions.

AbstractUrban villages are widespread in many Chinese cities, providing affordable and accessible housing for rural migrants. These urban villages develop rapidly over time to create more housing units and accommodate increasing numbers of residents. This article provides systematic analyses of urban village development in Shenzhen in the period 1999–2009. It reveals that the development of urban villages was driven by the overall planning and urban growth of the city, which resulted in significant variation in urban village development at the city scale. Three distinct but overlapping phases were observed: expansion, densification and intensification. The growth of urban villages was spatially clustered and changes over time in the distribution of growth centres suggest the possible diffusion of migrant employment out of the Special Economic Zone into two outer districts. In the recent urban regeneration process, the pattern and trend of urban village development is shown to contradict the city's urban village redevelopment programmes. This not only helps to explain the slow progress of the policy implementation, but also implies severe risks of jeopardizing the migrant housing market in certain urban sections.RésuméDes villages urbains sont dispersés dans de nombreuses villes chinoises, procurant un habitat accessible et économique aux migrants ruraux. En essor rapide, ces implantations multiplient les logements à faible loyer et accueillent un nombre croissant d'habitants. Le développement des villages urbains de Shenzhen entre 1999 et 2009 a fait l'objet d'analyses systématiques: il a été induit par la croissance et l'aménagement d'ensemble de la ville, qui ont abouti à une importante variation de ce phénomène à l'échelle urbaine. On distingue trois phases, en partie superposées: expansion, densification et intensification. La croissance des villages urbains s'est concentrée dans l'espace, et les changements progressifs dans la répartition des pôles de croissance suggèrent la dissémination possible de l'emploi des migrants vers deux quartiers situés hors de la Zone économique spéciale. Il est montré que, dans le cadre du récent processus de régénération urbaine, le schéma et la tendance du développement de ces villages dans Shenzhen vont à l'encontre des programmes de réaménagement des villages urbains. D'une part, ces résultats permettent d'expliquer la lenteur dans la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques; d'autre part, ils suggèrent que, dans certaines zones urbaines, le marché du logement des migrants pourrait connaître une crise grave.

Advances in digital technology have increasingly influenced many aspects of our everyday life at different geographical levels. In this paper, we focus on rural areas as key geographical loci of development by investigating the notion of the smart village (SV). Our main objective has been to improve the understanding of the adoption of the SV concept in different geographical contexts by zooming in on the case of Banyuwangi, Indonesia. In doing so, this paper investigates the adoption of SV in Banyuwangi by means of the Smart Kampung programme and reflects Banyuwangi's situated experience against the broader SV discussions. Drawing on empirical material obtained through a series of semi-structured interviews conducted between 2020 and 2021, our analysis reveals that Banyuwangi has contextually translated SV into three main aspects of development, namely government service, economy and tourism. More broadly, our study exhibits that geographical situatedness of SV does matter, in the sense that some aspects of Banyuwangi's experimentation with SV align with the trend in Global South countries, while some echo the trend in Global North countries.

Advances in digital technology have increasingly influenced many aspects of our everyday life at different geographical levels. In this paper, we focus on rural areas as key geographical loci of development by investigating the notion of the smart village (SV). Our main objective has been to improve the understanding of the adoption of the SV concept in different geographical contexts by zooming in on the case of Banyuwangi, Indonesia. In doing so, this paper investigates the adoption of SV in Banyuwangi by means of the Smart Kampung programme and reflects Banyuwangi's situated experience against the broader SV discussions. Drawing on empirical material obtained through a series of semi-structured interviews conducted between 2020 and 2021, our analysis reveals that Banyuwangi has contextually translated SV into three main aspects of development, namely government service, economy and tourism. More broadly, our study exhibits that geographical situatedness of SV does matter, in the sense that some aspects of Banyuwangi's experimentation with SV align with the trend in Global South countries, while some echo the trend in Global North countries.

AbstractSince the 1980s, many developing countries have enacted policies of decentralization to create localized, representative forms of government. A highly under‐studied body of local governance are village development committees (VDCs). Utilizing a mixed‐method approach in three districts of Southern Malawi, we combine surveys, focus groups, and interviews to examine the role of VDCs in local politics. Selected by their peers, VDC members navigate a complicated landscape including: local and central politicians, government bureaucrats, NGOs and special interest groups, and traditional authorities. We find that citizens are accurately able to evaluate the development work that VDCs are doing and consistently rate their trust in these institutions higher than their trust in elected authorities. Still, challenges persist: members receive no standardized training and there are consistent gender gaps in the experiences of men and women members of the VDCs.

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of regional government expenditure on regional autonomy, taking into account indices of social, economic, and ecological resilience within the context of impoverished regions. This study employs panel regression and route analysis techniques to analyze data from 62 districts identified as undeveloped regions in Indonesia throughout the period of 2016–2022. The exogenous factors in this study encompass capital investment, operating expenditure, and balancing funds, whereas the endogenous variable is the village development index. The findings show that (1) capital expenditure, operational expenditure, and balancing funds have an indirect influence on IDM through the economy. (2) Capital expenditure has a negative impact on economic growth because underdeveloped areas are increasingly concentrated in the eastern region and cause economic disparities to grow. (3) Operational expenditure and balancing funds have a positive impact on the regional economy, which also impacts village independence.

Purwosari village has a lot of potential to be used as the main tourist village of Semarang City. However, there is no denying that there is still an inequality of tourism development patterns between other tourism potential areas which is quite striking because the quality between the regions is not evenly distributed. This article tries to explore the concept in the development of local tourism integrated natural tourism destinations, reviewed with a qualitative approach with strategy analysis methods and SWOT selection process. The results of the analysis refer to quantitative planning efforts to compile the prioritized list based on the ranking of the relative attractiveness of a viable and appropriate alternative action, namely the decision stage of QSPM (Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix). Applications in the development of tourist village destinations, including: Construction of tourist facilities and facilities from the local government development fund; Recommendations for training the surrounding community to work on the potential natural appeal of the typical culture that exists to be packaged into a beautiful, unique and authentic tourist attraction; as well as the creation of a website as a market development by expanding the reach of online channels to achieve integrated strategy of development of Purwosari tourism village in creating a good private investment climate. Kelurahan Purwosari memiliki banyak potensi untuk dijadikan sebagai desa wisata unggulan Kota Semarang. Namun tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa masih terjadi ketimpangan pola pengembangan wisata antar kawasan potensi wisata lainnya yang cukup mencolok karena kualitas antar kawasan belum merata. Artikel ini mencoba untuk menggali konsep dalam pengembangan destinasi wisata alam local tourism integrated, dikaji dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis strategi dan proses pilihan SWOT. Hasil analisis merujuk pada upaya perencanaan kuantitatif untuk menyusun the prioritized list berdasarkan ranking daya tarik relatif dari alternatif tindakan yang layak dan tepat guna, yaitu tahap keputusan QSPM (Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix). Aplikasi dalam pengembangan destinasi desa wisata, meliputi: Pembangunan sarana dan fasilitas wisata dari dana pengembangan pemerintah daerah; Rekomendasi pelatihan masyarakat sekitar untuk menggarap potensi daya tarik alam budaya khas yang ada untuk dikemas menjadi daya tarik wisata yang indah, unik dan otentik; serta Pembuatan website sebagai pengembangan pasar dengan memperluas jangkauan saluran online hingga mencapai integrated strategy pengembangan desa wisata Purwosari dalam menciptakan iklim investasi swasta yang baik.

This article focuses on the challenges of rural areas, the formative power of citizens and the funding programme for village development in Lower Saxony. The article elaborates the importance of collective responsibility in villages by means of cooperation between local political representatives, the administration and village residents in their various functions. It points out the need for further research on the assumption of responsibility; using the example of the funding programme for village development in Lower Saxony, the article pursues options for methodically supporting these processes in future.

This research aims to identify the prospects and challenges for implementing smart villages using a case study of Genteng Village in West Java, Indonesia, according to the sustainable development perspective and the enabler factors of socio-economic factors, village's technology, and environmental aspects. This research uses a qualitative approach to assess the potencies and challenges from social, economic, environmental, and infrastructure perspectives. This research conducts a field survey with in-depth interviews and observation in Genteng Village, Sukasari Sub-district, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province to tap the information needed. Interviews with stakeholders were conducted with informants representing the rural stakeholders consisted of village official government, village local champion/leader, and farmer group representatives. Researcher involvement in nearly two years in regular visits and observations before this research has enriched and validated the information obtained. This research found prospective local social capital components and economic potencies to develop using the smart village framework. Environment and infrastructure are relatively still the challenges to be overcome towards the smart village. This research concludes that Genteng Village is on the right track, though early-stage to develop as a smart village. External factors, mainly information and communication technology, will be one of the main driving factors for optimism in implementing a smart village in Genteng Village.

Surinder,Bhardwaj:Kent State University ; This is a study of the impact of governmental policies on space and cultural landscape changes in the village of Al-Yazeed (Asir Province) in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from residents via a questionnaire, interviews, a field survey, government reports and handwritten documents. The study revealed that the settled residents of Asir Region are still living in a clanship but it has been weakened as a result of socio-economic development taking place in Saudi Arabia. It also showed that the nuclear pattern of the Saudi village which is based upon the clanship system as represented in Al-Yazeed has dramatically changed to a dispersal sprawl as a result of the development which has taken place over the last thirty five years. The vertical type of Saudi house has changed to one spacious floor with large rooms and windows, but privacy is still considered in such a conservative Islamic society. Finally, timing and function of weekly markets have changed to meet the new requirements of the fast developing Saudi society. Al-Yazeed is not the only example. Other parts of Saudi Arabia have witnessed similar changes