Suchergebnisse

Forged and still scarred by slavery, Caribbean agricultural landscapes are now being made redundant in an era of global market integration. The demise of preferential trade agreements is exposing the uncompetitiveness of the plantation sector while small farmers, still largely confined to marginal positions within highly inequitable landscapes, are being pushed into a new vulnerability by market integration, as rising food imports flood local markets. Unfortunately, political attention continues to revolve around the ailing plantation sector. In contrast, it is argued here that the current crisis of Caribbean agriculture contains a historic opportunity for restructuring in the interests of the region's small farmers and that, in the process, the sector could be helped to gain a new vitality.

The Unequal Prosperity of Agricultural Markets in Anjou and Poitou. Their Role in Spatial Organisation.

The modernisation of agriculture has often resulted in the economic integration of agricultural markets. In the Deux-Sèvres and neighbouring departments, the situation is extremely diversified. Using numerous surveys and varied documents, the author analyses the temporal and spatial fluctuations of trading places according to the products sold (vegetables or cattle). He shows how their traditional roots have endured and underlines the extraordinary vitality of some of them.
The author also discusses the wider role of the agricultural market in urbanisation, its links with other urban functions such as employment and trade (sedentary or itinerant). He ends with some reflections on spatial organisation as he compares the urban network to the agricultural market network; certain similarities and differences are thus made clear for the area studied.

Segregation: The Rising Costs for America documents how discriminatory practices in the housing markets through most of the past century, and that continue today, have produced extreme levels of residential segregation that result in significant disparities in access to good jobs, quality education, homeownership attainment and asset accumulation between minority and non-minority households. The book also demonstrates how problems facing minority communities are increasingly important to the nation's long-term economic vitality and global competitiveness as a whole. Solutions to the challenges

Viewing social movements as innovations beyond the traditional categories of state & market in which ordinary citizens show their vitality, the future of social movements is addressed. It is argued that, to adequately reflect current social emphases on innovation, pluralism, & diversity, social movements may increasingly become (possibly culturally oriented) arenas in which reflection, reciprocity, & the enjoyment of plurality are central. It is further suggested that increasing use of modern communication technology will result in the partial replacement of traditional action methods & networks with virtual ones. S. Paul

There are many efforts to revitalize traditional market as urban economic and socio-cultural place. Several creative communities in Bandung have been trying to pep up the vitality of Pasar Cihapit Bandung through socio-cultural events. Through place as assemblage approach, this paper traces the actors involved and their relation in the place-making, and also to seek how the creative movement contribute to the traditional economic activities which have been taken place before. This creative movement has identified to be able to attract public attention to the market, signified in the media publication. The emergence of new actors also generated the contested space in Cihapit market, influenced by actors' relation to another group outside the market. The market publicities is also attracted political actors concern, stimulated by their popularity desires, that impact to space contestation intensity. It is found that creative movement can increase the physical image of the market by socio-cultural events, but it is not found its significant contribution to improve the economic role of the traditional market. This paper contributes knowledge to understand how everyday practice of power works in designing and creating built environment

Few observers are unimpressed by the economic ambition of China or by the nation s remarkable rate of growth. But what does the future hold? This meticulously researched book closely examines the strengths and weaknesses of the Chinese economic system to discover where the nation may be headed and what the Chinese experience reveals about emerging market economies. The authors find that contrary to popular belief, cutting edge innovation is not a prerequisite for sustained economic vitality and that China is a perfect case in point.

What can we learn about collective action across Central and Eastern Europe by focusing on activism within urban spaces? This volume argues that the recent resurgence of urban grassroots mobilisation represents a new phase in the development of post-socialist civil societies and that these civil societies have significantly more vitality than is commonly perceived. The case studies here reflect the diversity and complexity of post-socialist urban movements, capturing also the extent to which the laboratory of urban politics is richly illustrative of the complex nexus of state-society-market r

Enth. eine Liste der wichtigsten Medien (Presse, Rundfunk- und Fernsehanstalten) im Jahr 2004

Indications are that the long-term decline of self-employment has come to a halt in the 1970s in the advanced industrialized economies. In this paper, we challenge the currently popular argument that the recent revival of self-employment represents an effective answer to the problems of slow economic growth and unemployment. Our time-series regression analysis of aggregate self-employment rates in eight major OECD countries from the early 1950s to 1987 suggests that rising self-employment may be a response to deficiencies in labour markets rather than a sign of economic vitality.

In the early 2000s, New Brunswick's Acadia, a Canadian Francophone minority community, became a host community for French-speaking immigrants through activism and the law. The discourse of some of its elites and community organisations is very positive about immigration. However, faced with a multi-dimensional institutional incompleteness in the area of immigration, Acadia erects borders in core sectors of its labour market, namely French-language education and health services. Francophone immigrants are thus pushed to the margins of its labour market, and more precisely to circumstantial and structural employment niches. They realise that they have been selected to take part in French-speaking life and to strengthen the vitality of their host community, but they cannot be part of the French-speaking society as a result of identity issues leading to discriminatory social relationships that prevent them from being fully included in their new host community. A segmented and juxtaposed local Francophonie is thus beginning to emerge due to the lack of integration of immigrants in the Francophone labour market.

In this Article, I propose an implementation of the Volcker Rule that balances the statutory mandate to promote the safety and soundness of U.S. banking organizations with the significant role that bank-affiliated dealers currently play as providers of liquidity in over-the-counter markets. The Volcker Rule restricts the proprietary trading activities of U.S. banks and their affiliates subject to exemptions for traditional banking activities and certain "client-oriented" activities. This Article draws upon the academic literature regarding expressive law, the history of federal banking legislation, and the text of the Dodd-Frank Act to argue that federal financial regulators have the discretion to implement the Rule's exemption for "market-making-related activities" to realize synergies with Dodd-Frank's initiatives in the regulation of over-the-counter markets. Specifically, I envision that the market making exemption could be implemented with a view to encouraging the provision of liquidity to competitive trading facilities. I further argue that such an implementation may well be essential to the vitality of the Volcker Rule, in light of the political forces aligned in favor of the Rule's repeal.

This article examines the "military metropolis," an urban community that depends highly on military expenditures in order to sustain economic vitality. We build on past theories of military Keynesianism and employ insights from urban political economy theory to examine the effects of defense contracts and defense personnel spending on five measures of labor market quality (median household income, income inequality, poverty 125 percent, unemployment, and casualization) in 276 U.S. metropolitan statistical areas in the year 2000. Whereas previous studies of military spending have focused primarily on nations and U.S. states, this study examines metropolitan areas. We test three hypotheses about how federal military outlays might influence urban economies: first, the defense–dependency hypothesis suggests that urban areas rely on defense dollars in varying degrees to sustain their economic stability and vitality. Second, the localized effects hypothesis proposes that defense personnel spending on military bases and civilian personnel will have more immediate effects on urban economies than spending on defense procurement contracts. Third, the gunbelt hypothesis predicts that military spending has affected urban economies unevenly, benefiting metropolitan areas in some regions of the country more than others. The results of this study support all three hypotheses. We offer interpretations of our results and discuss the policy implications for U.S. metropolitan areas.

AbstractThis chapter reviews work published in 2018 which involves consideration of the significance of critical and cultural theory in the present day as well as the diverse legacies of some of its key figures. Books discussed include the English translation of Alain Badiou's seminar on Lacan, a new series examining the legacies of Lacan alongside those of Derrida, Foucault, and Said, and Thomas Docherty's analyses of the University's turn towards servicing the market and of the relation between literature and capital. The chapter demonstrates the ongoing vitality of theory today, as well as its capacity to examine and challenge the supposed obviousness of the assumptions that underpin the status quo.

During the past year, the United States Supreme Court, in two decisions of significance, refused to summarily censure conduct having legitimate, procompetitive benefits. In similar fashion, the United States Court ofAppeals for the Fourth Circuit continued to scrutinize antitrust claims, rejecting those failing to measure up to pleading and proof requirements, while also reaffirming the vitality of the state action immunity doctrine as a bar to those that did. Meanwhile, Virginia's federal district courts grappled with time worn conspiracy challenges to medical staff privileging decisions, while simultaneously forging new ground in one of the first cases to consider market definition in the realm of electronic commerce over the Internet.