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"In 1591, Giovanni Paolo Gallucci published his Della simmetria dei corpi humani, an Italian translation of Albrecht Dürer's Four Books on Human Proportion. While Dürer's treatise had been translated earlier in the sixteenth-century into French and Latin, it was Gallucci's Italian translation that endured in popularity as the most cited version of the text in later Baroque treatises, covering topics that were seen as central to arts education, connoisseurship, patronage, and the wider appreciation of the studia humanitatis in general.

The text centres on the relationships between beauty and proportion, macrocosm and microcosm: relationships that were not only essential to the visual arts in the early modern era, but that cut across a range of disciplines – music, physiognomics and humoral readings, astronomy, astrology and cosmology, theology and philosophy, even mnemonics and poetry. In his version of the text, Gallucci expanded the educational potential of the treatise by adding a Preface, a Life of Dürer, and a Fifth Book providing a philosophical framework within which to interpret Dürer's previous sections.

This translation is the first to make these original contributions by Gallucci accessible to an English-speaking audience. Gallucci's contributions illuminate the significance of symmetry and proportion in the contemporary education of the early modern era, informing our understanding of the intellectual history of this period, and the development of art theory and criticism. This is a valuable resource to early modern scholars and students alike, especially those specialising in history of art, philosophy, history of science, and poetry."

The influenza surveillance system in Victoria is comprised of several components, including a general practitioner sentinel surveillance system, surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI) in consultations made by the Melbourne Medical Deputising Service, laboratory confirmed influenza notified to the Victorian Department of Health and strain typing performed by the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza. As measured by ILI from both the MMDS and GPSS, the 2011 influenza season in Victoria was mild compared to previous seasons and was not dominated by any type or subtype of influenza. There were 13 laboratory confirmed influenza outbreaks in 2011, nearly all of which were in aged care facilities. GPs continue to swab more patients, a trend started in 2009, with a significantly lower percent of these testing positive for influenza than previous years. The proportion of ILI and swabbed patients who were vaccinated was also significantly lower in 2011 than previously. Strain analysis undertaken by the WHO Collaborating Centre indicated a good antigenic match between the 2011 vaccine and circulating strains. The Victorian influenza surveillance system continues to provide a reliable, consistent system for monitoring the epidemiology of ILI and laboratory confirmed influenza in Victoria. ; VIDRL receives support for its influenza surveillance program from the Victorian Government Department of Health. The Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza is supported by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing.

The influenza surveillance system in Victoria is comprised of several components, including a general practitioner sentinel surveillance system, surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI) in consultations made by the Melbourne Medical Deputising Service, laboratory confirmed influenza notified to the Victorian Department of Health and strain typing performed by the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza. As measured by ILI from both the MMDS and GPSS, the 2011 influenza season in Victoria was mild compared to previous seasons and was not dominated by any type or subtype of influenza. There were 13 laboratory confirmed influenza outbreaks in 2011, nearly all of which were in aged care facilities. GPs continue to swab more patients, a trend started in 2009, with a significantly lower percent of these testing positive for influenza than previous years. The proportion of ILI and swabbed patients who were vaccinated was also significantly lower in 2011 than previously. Strain analysis undertaken by the WHO Collaborating Centre indicated a good antigenic match between the 2011 vaccine and circulating strains. The Victorian influenza surveillance system continues to provide a reliable, consistent system for monitoring the epidemiology of ILI and laboratory confirmed influenza in Victoria. ; VIDRL receives support for its influenza surveillance program from the Victorian Government Department of Health. The Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza is supported by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing.

Fatality reductions from increases in safety belt use are estimated taking into account that drivers who change from being nonusers to being users have lower accident involvement rates than the remaining nonusers, a process referred to as "selective recruitment." Analytical functions are derived which express expected fatality reductions in terms of changes in safety belt use rates from an initial rate. The function parameters are determined by requiring that computed average crash rates for nonusers be 53% higher than the rates for users, a recently determined empirical value. These functions show that, depending on the initial use rate and use rate increase, selective recruitment may increase or decrease expected fatality reductions. However, effects are relatively small, in no case exceeding ±5.3%.

This study examines the relationship of gender proportions and a variety of work experiences, work and extra‐work satisfactions and indicators of psychological wellbeing among 324 female and 134 male psychologists. Data were collected using questionnaires completed anonymously. Female psychologists indicated a higher proportion of females in their workplaces than did male psychologists. Both female and male psychologists indicated more women at lower than at higher organizational levels. Male psychologists were older, had longer job and employer tenure, were at higher organizational levels, earned more income and were more likely to be married. Measures of gender proportions were generally uncorrelated with work experiences, work and non‐work satisfactions and psychological wellbeing among both female and male psychologists.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has killed over a million people since its emergence in late 2019. However, there has been substantial variability in the policies and intensity of diagnostic efforts between countries. In this paper, we quantitatively evaluate the association between national contact tracing policies and case fatality rates of COVID-19 in 138 countries. Our regression analyses indicate that countries that implement comprehensive contact tracing have significantly lower case fatality rates. This association of contact tracing policy and case fatality rates is robust in our longitudinal regression models, even after controlling for the number of tests conducted and non-pharmaceutical control measures adopted by governments. Our results suggest that comprehensive contact tracing is instrumental not only to curtailing transmission but also to reducing case fatality rates. Contact tracing achieves the early detection and isolation of secondary cases which are particularly important given that the peak in infectiousness occurs during the presymptomatic phase. The early detection achieved by contact tracing accelerates the rate at which infected individuals receive medical care they need to maximize their chance of recovery. In addition, the combination of reduced transmission and more rapid recovery diminishes the burden on the healthcare system which in turn ensures that the resources remain available for individuals who do become infected.

AbstractThis study presents forecasting methods using time series analysis for confirmed cases, the number of deaths and recovery cases, and individual vaccination status in different states of India. It aims to forecast the confirmed cases and mortality rate and develop an artificial intelligence method and different statistical methodologies that can help predict the future of Covid‐19 cases. Various forecasting methods in time series analysis such as ARIMA, Holt's trend, naive, simple exponential smoothing, TBATS, and MAPE are extended for the study. It also involved the case fatality rate for the number of deaths and confirmed cases for respective states in India. This study includes the forecast values for the number of positive cases, cured patients, mortality rate, and case fatality rate for Covid‐19 cases. Among all forecast methods involved in this study, the naive and simple exponential smoothing method shows an increased number of positive instances and cured patients.

This manuscript sets out a process for estimating fatalities in collapsed buildings due to ground shaking in an earthquake. The aim of this research is to supplement current earthquake loss estimation with fatality rates (percentage of occupants killed) for use in models which are based on recent empirical information on deaths from earthquakes. This document specifically explores the lethality potential to occupants of collapsed structures. Whilst earthquake casualty modeling has admittedly suffered from a lack of post-earthquake collection of data and rigour in assessing these data, recent earthquakes such as 2008 Wenchuan (China) and 2011 Christchurch (New Zealand) have brought to light some important findings. Under the auspices of US Geological Survey's PAGER, empirical fatality data related to collapses of buildings from significant earthquakes in the past 40 years have been thoroughly examined. Through detailed investigations of fatal building collapses and the volume reductions within these buildings, important clues related to the lethality potential of different failure mechanisms of global modern and older construction types were found. The gathered evidence forms the basis of the derivation of a set of fatality rates for use in loss models. The set of judgment-based rates are for 31 global building types. This significant advancement in casualty modeling, the resolutions and quality of available data, the important assumptions made, and the final derivation of fatality rates are discussed here. This document contributes to global efforts to develop a way of estimating probable earthquake fatalities very rapidly after an earthquake has taken place. The fatality rates proposed here can be incorporated directly into earthquake loss estimation models where fatalities are derived from collapses of different types of buildings