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Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Editor's preface -- Acknowledgements -- List of abbreviations -- PART I CITIES -- 1 Aspects of the decline of the urban aristocracy in the empire -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. COMPULSION AND THE COST OF OFFICE -- III. THE HEREDITARY PRINCIPLE -- 2 Independent freedmen and the economy of Roman Italy under the Principate -- 3 Economy and society of Mediolanum under the Principate -- 4 Urban property investment in Roman society -- 5 An association of builders in late antique Sardis -- I. THE DOCUMENT -- II. THE ASSOCIATION -- III. THE CONTEXT -- PART II PEASANTS -- 6 Peasants in ancient Roman society -- PEASANT POWER -- SLAVES AND PEASANTS -- NEW PEASANTS FOR OLD -- 7 Where did Italian peasants live? -- 8 Non-slave labour in the Roman world -- 9 Prolegomenon to a study of the land in the later Roman empire -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. AGRICULTURE AS A SOURCE OF WEALTH -- III. A DECLINE IN PRODUCTION? -- IV. RISING PRODUCTIVITY? -- CONCLUSION -- 10 Mountain economies in southern Europe -- INTRODUCTION -- THE MARGINALITY OF THE MOUNTAINS -- WAS THERE A SPECIFICALLY MEDITERRANEANFORM OF PASTORALISM? -- CLIMATIC DETERMINISM - AND ITS LIMITS -- THE CREATION OF MOUNTAIN PASTURE -- CONCLUSION -- PART III FOOD -- 11 Grain for Athens -- 12 The yield of the land in ancient Greece -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN ATTICA, 329/8 BC -- III. COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE -- IV. ANCIENT FARMING PRACTICES BEARING ON YIELD -- V. CONCEPTS OF YIELD -- 13 The bean: substance and symbol -- INTRODUCTION -- BEAN AS SYMBOL -- BEAN AS FOOD -- BEAN AS SOCIAL MARKER -- CONCLUSION -- 14 Mass diet and nutrition in the city of Rome -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF WHEAT -- III. HOW MUCH WHEAT CONSUMED? -- IV. THE STAPLE FOOD: COST TO THE CONSUMER -- V. A BALANCED DIET?

Studying the state / Walter Scheidel -- Egypt / Joseph G. Manning -- Ancient Near Eastern city-states / Steven J. Garfinkle -- Mesopotamian empires / Gojko Barjamovic -- Anatolian states / Trevor Bryce -- Jewish states / Seth Schwartz -- Iranian empires / Josef Wiesehöfer -- Bronze age Greece / John Bennet -- Greek city-states / Mogens Herman Hansen -- Greek multicity states / Ian Morris -- The Greek koinon / Emily Mackil -- Hellenistic empires / John Ma -- Carthage / Walter Ameling -- The Roman Empire I: the republic / Henrik Mouritsen -- The Roman Empire ii: the monarchy / Peter Fibiger Bang -- The Byzantine successor state / John F. Haldon -- The Germanic successor states / Ian Wood -- The first Islamic empire / Chase Robinson.

The Ancient Economy introduces readers to the nature of economic life in the ancient world, and provides a valuable guide to scholarly debates on the subject. The book describes and examines the economic processes and fluctuations of the ancient world, and shows how these relate to political and social change and conditions. Leading experts address the central issues, from agricultural production to the uses of money and the creation of markets. Taken as a whole the book exemplifies the range of interdisciplinary perspectives on the ancient economy, and illustrates the methodological approache

Ungleichheit wird immer mehr zu einem Problem - weltweit! Führende Wirtschaftswissenschaftler fordern Reformen, um den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt zu sichern. Wie aber lässt sich soziale Gerechtigkeit erreichen? Der renommierte Stanford-Historiker und Altertumswissenschaftler Walter Scheidel untersucht die Ursachen für soziale Gegensätze über drei Jahrtausende und kommt zu dem eindeutigen Schluss: Eine friedliche Senkung der Ungleichheit gab es in der Geschichte bisher nicht! Einzig Kriege und Katastrophen führten zu einem sozialen Ausgleich. Walter Scheidel fordert damit natürlich nicht den Krieg als neues Mittel der Einkommenspolitik - aber er mahnt ein ernsthaftes Angehen der Probleme an und provoziert diejenigen, die hohe Erwartungen in neue Einkommens- und Bildungsprogramme nähren. (Verlagstext)

In this, the first comprehensive one-volume survey of the economies of classical antiquity, twenty-eight chapters summarise the current state of scholarship in their specialised fields and sketch new directions for research. The approach taken is both thematic, with chapters on the underlying determinants of economic performance, and chronological, with coverage of the whole of the Greek and Roman worlds extending from the Aegean Bronze Age to Late Antiquity. The contributors move beyond the substantivist-formalist debates that dominated twentieth-century scholarship and display a new interest in economic growth in antiquity. New methods for measuring economic development are developed, often combining textual and archaeological data that have previously been treated separately. This important work represents a major advance in our understanding of the economic expansion that made the civilisation of the classical Mediterranean world possible.

This is a world history of empire, reaching from the third millennium BCE to the present. By combining synthetic surveys, thematic comparative essays, and numerous chapters on specific empires, its two volumes provide unparalleled coverage of imperialism throughout history and across continents, from Asia to Europe and from Africa to the Americas. This volume is dedicated to synthesis and comparison. Following a comprehensive theoretical survey and bold world history synthesis, 15 chapters analyse and explore the multifaceted experience of empire across cultures and through the ages.

This is a world history of empire, reaching from the third millennium BCE to the present. By combining synthetic surveys, thematic comparative essays, and numerous chapters on specific empires, its two volumes provide unparalleled coverage of imperialism throughout history and across continents, from Asia to Europe and from Africa to the Americas. Volume Two tracks the protean history of political domination from the very beginnings of state formation in the Bronze Age up to the present. Case studies deal with the full range of the historical experience of empire, from the realms of the Achaemenids and Asoka to the empires of Mali and Songhay, and from ancient Rome and China to the Mughals, American settler colonialism, and the Soviet Union.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Tables and Figures -- Introduction -- 1 Inbreeding Avoidance and Incest Taboos -- 2 Genetic Aspects of Inbreeding and Incest -- 3 Inbreeding Avoidance in Primates -- 4 Explaining the Westermarck Effect or, what did natural selection select for? -- 5 Ancient Egyptian Sibling Marriage and the Westermarck Effect -- 6 From Genes to Incest Taboos: The crucial step -- 7 Assessing the Gaps in Westermarck's Theory -- 8 Refining the Incest Taboo: with considerable help from Bronislaw Malinowski -- 9 Evolutionary Thought and the Current Clinical Understanding of Incest -- 10 The Incest Taboo as Darwinian Natural Right -- Contributors -- Index