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This article aims to examine possible alternatives to the first wave of council-house building in Scotland. Alternative approaches to deal with Scotland's housing problem are considered and the reasons for their failure to compete with council housing are considered. The Burgh of Stirling has been chosen because its politics suggest that it may have been less enthusiastic about building council houses and more amenable to exploring alternative solutions. Three 'alternatives' are discussed. The first was the Homesteads experiment, which, immediately prior to the First World War, successfully built a small number of houses with adjacent land on which the occupants grew food for themselves. The second experiment was a limited project by the Town Council, devised just before 1914, of demolition and widening a single street in the old town, which sought to encourage private companies to build replacement tenements. The third undertaking was the Thistle Trust, which sought to preserve the medieval dwellings huddled around Stirling Castle.

AbstractDoes real time coupling between mental and physical activity early in development have functional significance? To address this question, we examined the habituation of visual attention and the subsequent response to change in two groups of 3‐month‐olds with different patterns of movement–attention coupling. Insuppressors,the typical decrease in body movement at the onset of looks persists into the looks. Inrebounders,the initial decrease is more transient and movement quickly returns above baseline. Suppressors and rebounders did not differ on measures of looking during habituation, but when the stimulus changed rebounders looked more than suppressors. When it did not change, they looked less. In addition, during habituation rebounders spent more time lookingawayfrom the stimulus. Rapid motor reactivation soon after gaze locks onto a target, characteristic of rebounders, may influence visual foraging and the response to change by keeping attention near a threshold of engagement.

This study of 668 children aged 8-13 from diverse social backgrounds suggests that children are, to a measurable extent, influenced by exposure to television advertising for proprietary drugs but that the net result is moderate dispositions rather than strongly favorable dispositions toward these products. Subgroup analysis confirms the generality of these conclusions: some subgroups appear to be more responsive to television drug advertising but none show strongly favorable attitudes or behaviors toward proprietary drugs. 4 Tables. HA.

Dose administration aid (DAA) usage has become increasingly prevalent among populations worldwide and as such has become an important part of pharmacy practice. The evidence for the use of these aids has been favourable in Australia resulting in 2006 in a community based DAA program being considered by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing PPSAC (Professional Programs and Services Advisory Committee) and the first phase of this program implemented in October 2007. The program was established under the Better Community Health Initiative of the 4th Community Pharmacy Agreement between the Pharmacy Guild of Australia and the Commonwealth Government. The aim of this program is to reduce medication-related hospitalisations and adverse events through improved medication management and adherence by people in the community. The most common patient groups that access this service include the elderly, who are often on several different medications, and patients with cognitive disabilities who may have trouble understanding or remembering their dosage regimes.

This is a cross-cultural study of the television-viewing behavior of children in three age groups and the generation of both product requests to parents and parent-child conflict. A model of viewing and response patterns is hypothesized, and cultural factors are investigated across U.S., Japanese, and English families. Results are relevant in the current public policy debates in the United States, Europe, and Japan concerning advertising to children.