Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Series Editor's Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Crisis as a Driver of Marginalisation -- 1.2 COVID-19 Pandemic and Marginalisation -- References -- Part I COVID's Global Impact and Marginalisation -- 2 COVID-19s Economic and Social Impact Globally -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Marginalisation and Crises -- 2.3 Economic Impacts -- 2.4 Impacts on Development and the SDGs -- 2.5 Community Impacts and Responses to COVID-19 -- 2.6 Social Impacts: Some Implications of Pandemic on Social Inequalities and Marginalisation -- 2.7 The Pandemic, Mental Health and Marginal Societies -- 2.8 Some Environmental Concerns -- 2.9 Conclusion and Way Forward -- References -- Part II Social Impacts and Marginalisation -- 3 De-marginalising Social-Democracy: The Recovery of Collectivity in Europe During Covid-19 Pandemic -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 Theoretical Framework: Revolutions and Cultural Redefinitions During Pandemics -- 3.1.2 Pandemics Accelerate Processes -- 3.1.3 The Consequences of European External and Internal Marginalisation -- 3.2 The Manifestation of the Complex European Model and Its Relationship with the Limits of Individual and State Responsibility -- 3.2.1 The Complexity of the European Mixed Cultural Model -- 3.2.2 The Protestant Cultural Tradition Model of Northern Europe -- 3.2.3 The Model of Catholic Cultural Tradition in Southern Europe -- 3.3 Conclusion: De-marginalising a Social Democratic Model that Guarantees the Rights of the Individual in Europe -- References -- 4 COVID-19 Lockdown and Education: The Risk of Increasing Marginalisation-Distance-Education in Switzerland During the Spring 2020 Lockdown -- 4.1 Switzerland and the COVID-19 Pandemic -- 4.2 The Challenge for Education: Questions and Method -- 4.3 The Swiss Educational System and the COVID-19 Crisis.

This handbook presents an extensive new overview of African development - past, present and future. It addresses key core themes and topics that are pertinent to the continent's development - including sections on history, health and food, politics, economics, rural and urban development, and development policy and practice. The volume draws on the expertise of over 60 of the world's leading scholars to provide a detailed and up-to-date analysis of the key opportunities and challenges that confront Africa, and how such issues are being addressed. Arranged by key themes, the handbook provides not only a historical understanding of the past, but also political perspectives on the future. The chapters provide critically informed analyses of their topics by drawing upon the latest conceptual viewpoints and applied experiences in Africa in the form of case studies to offer a comprehensive examination of the opportunities, challenges, key debates and future prospects. This handbook is an invaluable state-of-the-art overview and reference concerning many different aspects of Africa's development, which will be of interest to academics in all fields of African studies, and also academics and students working in cognate disciplines such as development studies, geography, history, politics and economics.

The topic of urban agriculture has, for a significant period of time, been recognized as a key facet of urban survival in the cities in the South. While it normally forms part of multilivelihood strategies and its overall significance is the subject of some debate, it nonetheless is an important feature of both urban landscapes and urban survival. This paper examines the current status quo of urban agriculture in Lusaka, the capital of Zambia. Structural adjustment and downscaling of the key copper mining sector seems to have forced more people into various informal survival strategies, including urban agriculture. Despite the apparent growing significance of urban agriculture, as illustrated by significant recent vegetation clearances around the city, official policy remains ambivalent and it has not been adequately supported or catered for in urban planning. While it remains officially illegal, controls are seldom enforced and urban farmers persist with what is a key household survival strategy under trying circumstances.

Ten years after the demise of apartheid, South Africa still faces significant development challenges. Government policy has focused mainly upon the macro‐economy, which has not necessarily helped address the plight of marginalized communities. One parallel mechanism designed to empower communities has been through the encouragement of Local Economic Development (LED). However, local government action has been prioritised and other role‐players marginalized, thus reducing the overall effectiveness of such interventions. This paper examines three cases of successful LED in the Western Cape province which have not been directed by local government. In all cases there have been clear socio‐economic dividends. The paper critically examines factors which have contributed to the success of these development initiatives.