Suchergebnisse

Background: China is experiencing a rapid growth of elder people which demands suitable health care models for the disabled community seniors to meet the government's "aging at home" policy.

Xin Shen,1,* Nan Zhou,1,* Le Mi,1 Zishuo Hu,2 Libin Wang,1 Xueying Liu,1 Shengyong Zhang1 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, 2Student Brigade, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: The present study investigated the possible antiobesity and hypoglycemic effects of phloretin (Ph). In an attempt to discover the hypoglycemic effect and potential mechanism of Ph, we used the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and (L6) myotubes. Daily oral treatment with Ph for 4 weeks significantly (P<0.05) reduced postprandial blood glucose and improved islet injury and lipid metabolism. Glucose consumption and glucose tolerance were improved by Ph via GOD–POD method. Western blot results revealed that the expression of Akt, PI3K, IRS-1, and GLUT4 were upregulated in skeletal muscle of T2D rats and in L6 myotubes by Ph. The immunofluorescence studies confirmed that Ph improved the translocation of GLUT4 in L6 myotubes. Ph exerted hypoglycemic effects in vivo and in vitro, hence it may play an important role in the management of diabetes. Keywords: phloretin, diabetes, insulin sensitivity, blood glucose consumption, skeletal muscle

STUDY QUESTION: Are women with a history of first-onset postpartum psychiatric disorders after their first liveborn delivery less likely to have a subsequent live birth? SUMMARY ANSWER: Women with incident postpartum psychiatric disorders are less likely to go on to have further children. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Women are particularly vulnerable to psychiatric disorders in the postpartum period. The potential effects of postpartum psychiatric disorders on the mother's future chances of live birth are so far under-researched. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A population-based cohort study consisted of 414 571 women who had their first live birth during 1997-2015. We followed the women for a maximum of 19.5 years from the date of the first liveborn delivery until the next conception leading to a live birth, emigration, death, their 45th birthday or 30 June 2016, whichever occurred first. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Postpartum psychiatric disorders were defined as filling a prescription for psychotropic medications or hospital contact for psychiatric disorders for the first time within 6 months postpartum. The outcome of interest was time to the next conception leading to live birth after the first liveborn delivery. Records on the death of a child were obtained through the Danish Register of Causes of Death. Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs), stratified by the survival status of the first child. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Altogether, 4327 (1.0%) women experienced postpartum psychiatric disorders after their first liveborn delivery. The probability of having a subsequent live birth was 69.1% (95% CI: 67.4-70.7%) among women with, and 82.3% (95% CI: 82.1-82.4%) among those without, postpartum psychiatric disorders. Women with postpartum psychiatric disorders had a 33% reduction in the rate of having second live birth (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.64-0.69), compared to women without postpartum psychiatric disorders. The association disappeared if the first child died (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.85-1.20). If postpartum psychiatric disorders required hospitalisations, this was associated with a more pronounced reduction in live birth rate, irrespective of the survival status of the first child (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.47-0.61 if the first child survived, and HR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.23-1.04 if the first child died). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The use of population-based registers allows for the inclusion of a representative cohort with almost complete follow-up. The large sample size enables us to perform detailed analyses, accounting for the survival status of the child. However, we did not have accurate information on stillbirths and miscarriages, and only pregnancies that led to live birth were included. WIDE IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Our study is the first study to investigate subsequent live birth after postpartum psychiatric disorders in a large representative population. The current study indicates that postpartum psychiatric disorders have a significant impact on subsequent live birth, as women experiencing these disorders have a decreased likelihood of having more children. However, the variations in subsequent live birth rate are influenced by both the severity of the disorders and the survival status of the first-born child, indicating that both personal choices and decreased fertility may have a role in the reduced subsequent live birth rate among women with postpartum psychiatric disorders. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research (DFF-5053-00156B), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 837180, AUFF NOVA (AUFF-E 2016-9-25), iPSYCH, the Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (R155-2014-1724), Niels Bohr Professorship Grant from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Stanley Medical Research Institute, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (R01MH104468) and Fabrikant Vilhelm Pedersen og Hustrus Legat. The authors do not declare any conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.

WOS:000513242500002 ; The low-lying energy spectrum of the extremely neutron-deficient self-conjugate (N = Z) nuclide Ru-88(44)44 has been measured using the combination of the Advanced Gamma Tracking Array (AGATA) spectrometer, the NEDA and Neutron Wall neutron detector arrays, and the DIAMANT charged particle detector array. Excited states in Ru-88 were populated via the Fe-54(Ar-36, 2n gamma)Ru-88* fusion-evaporation reaction at the Grand Accelerateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL) accelerator complex. The observed gamma-ray cascade is assigned to Ru-88 using clean prompt gamma-gamma-2-neutron coincidences in anticoincidence with the detection of charged particles, confirming and extending the previously assigned sequence of low-lying excited states. It is consistent with a moderately deformed rotating system exhibiting a band crossing at a rotational frequency that is significantly higher than standard theoretical predictions with isovector pairing, as well as observations in neighboring N > Z nuclides. The direct observation of such a "delayed" rotational alignment in a deformed N = Z nucleus is in agreement with theoretical predictions related to the presence of strong isoscalar neutron-proton pair correlations. ; Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research Council [621-2014-5558]; EU 7th Framework Programme, Integrating Activities Transnational AccessEuropean Union (EU) [262010 ENSAR]; United Kingdom STFCScience & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/L005727/1, ST/P003885/1]; Polish National Science Centre [2017/25/B/ST2/01569, 2016/22/M/ST2/00269, 2014/14/M/ST2/00738]; COPIN-INFN collaboration; COPIN-IN2P3; COPIGAL projects; National Research Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary [K128947]; European Regional Development FundEuropean Union (EU) [GINOP-2.3.3-15-2016-00034]; Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office [PD124717]; Ministry of Science, Spain [SEV-2014-0398, FPA2017-84756-C4]; EU FEDER fundsEuropean Union (EU); China Scholarship CouncilChina Scholarship Council [201700260183] ; This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council under Grant No. 621-2014-5558 and the EU 7th Framework Programme, Integrating Activities Transnational Access, Grant No. 262010 ENSAR; the United Kingdom STFC under Grants No. ST/L005727/1 and No. ST/P003885/1; the Polish National Science Centre, Grants No. 2017/25/B/ST2/01569, No. 2016/22/M/ST2/00269, No. 2014/14/M/ST2/00738 (COPIN-INFN collaboration; COPIN-IN2P3 and COPIGAL projects; the National Research Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary (Grant No. K128947); the European Regional Development Fund (Contract No. GINOP-2.3.3-15-2016-00034), by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Grant No. PD124717; the Ministry of Science, Spain, under Grants No. SEV-2014-0398 and FPA2017-84756-C4; and by the EU FEDER funds. X. L. gratefully acknowledges support from the China Scholarship Council, Grant No. 201700260183 for his stay in Sweden. We thank the GANIL staff for excellent technical support and operation.