Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Copyright -- Contents -- Figures -- Maps -- Tables -- Preface -- 1. Introduction: Ethnicity in Ancient Amazonia -- Part I: Archaeology -- 2. Archaeological Cultures and Past Identities in the Pre-colonial Central Amazon -- 3. Deep History, Cultural Identities, and Ethnogenesis in the Southern Amazon -- 4. Deep Time, Big Space -- 5. Generic Pots and Generic Indians -- 6. An Attempt to Understand Panoan Ethnogenesis in Relation to Long-Term Patterns and Transformation sof Regional Interaction in Western Amazonia -- Part II: Linguistics -- 7. Amazonian Ritual Communication in Relation to Multilingual Social Networks -- 8. The Spread of the Arawakan Languages -- 9. Comparative Arawak Linguistics -- 10. Linguistic Diversity Zones and Cartographic Modeling -- 11. Nested Identities in the Southern Guyana-Surinam Corner -- 12. Change, Contact, and Ethnogenesis in Northern Quechua -- Part III: Ethnohistory -- 13. Sacred Landscapes as Environmental Histories in Lowland South America -- 14. Constancy in Continuity? Native Oral History, Iconography, and Earthworks on the Upper Purús River -- 15. Ethnogenesis at the Interface of the Andes and the Amazon -- 16. Ethnogenesis and Interculturality in the "Forest of Canelos" -- 17. Captive Identities, or the Genesis of Subordinate Quasi-Ethnic Collectivities in the American Tropics -- 18. Afterword -- Contributors -- Index.

Introduction: conceptualizing socio-ecological systems -- Modeling socio-ecological systems : general perspectives / Carole L. Crumley -- Historical ecology : integrated thinking at multiple temporal and spatial scales / Frank Oldfield -- Towards developing synergistic linkages between the biophysical and the cultural : a palaeo-environmental perspective / John A. Dearing -- Integration of world and earth systems : heritage and foresight / Thomas Abel -- World-systems as complex human ecosystems / Thomas D. Hall Depauw & Peter Turchin -- Lessons from population ecology for world-systems analyses of long-distance synchrony / Jonathan Friedman -- Sustainable unsustainability : toward a comparative study of hegemonic decline in global systems -- Case studies of socio-environmental change in prehistory / Bjorn E. Berglund -- Agrarian landscape development in North-Western Europe since the Neolithic : cultural and climatic factors behind a regional/continental pattern / Karin Holmgren & Helena Berg -- Climate change in Southern and Eastern Africa during the past millennium and its implications for societal development / Chris Chase-Dunn, Thomas D. Hall & Peter Turchin -- World-systems in the biogeosphere : urbanization, state formation, and climate change since the Iron Age / Kristian Kristiansen -- Eurasian transformations : mobility, ecological change, and the transmission of social institutions in the third and second millennium BC / William R. Thompson -- Climate, water, and political-economic crises in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt / George Modelski -- Ages of reorganization / Betty J. Meggers -- Sustainable intensive exploitation of Amazonia : cultural, environmental, and geopolitical perspectives / Alf Hornborg -- Regional integration and ecology in prehistoric Amazonia : toward a system perspective -- Is the world system sustainable? attempts toward an integrated socio-ecological perspective / Emilio F. Moran -- The human-environment nexus : progress in the past decade in the integrated analysis of human and biophysical factors / Bert J.M. de Vries -- In search of sustainability : what can we learn from the past? / Susan C. Stonich & Daniel S. Mandell -- Political ecology and sustainability science : opportunity and challenge / Thomas Malm -- No island is an "island" : some perspectives on human ecology and development in Oceania / Alfred W. Crosby -- Infectious diseases as ecological and historical phenomena, with special reference to the influenza pandemic of 1918-19 / Nina Eisenmenger & Stefan Giljum -- Evidence from societal metabolism studies for ecological unequal trade / Andre Gunder Frank -- Entropy generation and displacement : the nineteenth-century multi-lateral network of world trade

This article introduces a Special Section on Ecologically Unequal Exchange (EUE), an underlying source of most of the environmental distribution conflicts in our time. The nine articles discuss theories, methodologies, and empirical case studies pertaining to ecologically unequal exchange, and address its relationship to ecological debt.Key words: Ecologically Unequal Exchange, ecological debt, political ecology This is the introductory article in Alf Hornborg and Joan Martinez-Alier (eds.) 2016. "Ecologically unequal exchange and ecological debt", Special Section of the Journal of Political Ecology 23: 328-491.

This article introduces a Special Section on Ecologically Unequal Exchange (EUE), an underlying source of most of the environmental distribution conflicts in our time. The nine articles discuss theories, methodologies, and empirical case studies pertaining to ecologically unequal exchange, and address its relationship to ecological debt.Key words: Ecologically Unequal Exchange, ecological debt, political ecology This is the introductory article in Alf Hornborg and Joan Martinez-Alier (eds.) 2016. "Ecologically unequal exchange and ecological debt", Special Section of the Journal of Political Ecology 23: 328-491.

This article introduces a Special Section on Ecologically Unequal Exchange (EUE), an underlying source of most of the environmental distribution conflicts in our time. The nine articles discuss theories, methodologies, and empirical case studies pertaining to ecologically unequal exchange, and address its relationship to ecological debt.

"Power and social inequality shape patterns of land use and resource management. This book explores this relationship from different perspectives, illuminating the complexity of interactions between human societies and nature. Most of the contributors use the perspective of "political ecology" as a point of departure, recognizing that human relations to the environment and human social relations are not separate phenomena but inextricably intertwined. What makes this volume unique is that it sets this approach in a trans-disciplinary, global, and historical framework."--Publisher's website.

Interdisciplinary research within the field of sustainability studies often faces incompatible ontological assumptions deriving from natural and social sciences. The importance of this fact is often underrated and sometimes leads to the wrong strategies. We distinguish between two broad approaches in interdisciplinarity: unificationism and pluralism. Unificationism seeks unification and perceives disciplinary boundaries as conventional, representing no long-term obstacle to progress, whereas pluralism emphasizes more ephemeral and transient interdisciplinary connections and underscores the autonomy of the disciplines with respect to one another. Both approaches have their merits and pitfalls. Unification runs the risk of scientific imperialism, while pluralism can result in insurmountable barriers between disciplines. We made a comparison of eight distinct interdisciplinary attempts at integration of knowledge across social and natural sciences. The comparison was carried out as four pairwise comparisons: environmental economics versus ecological economics, environmental history versus historical ecology, resilience theory versus political ecology, and socio-biology versus actor-network theory. We conclude by showing that none of these prominent eight interdisciplinary fields in and of itself manages to provide, in a satisfactory way, such an integrated understanding of sustainability. We argue for pluralism and advocate complex ways of articulating divergent ontological assumptions. This is not equivalent to pursuing knowledge unification either through scientific imperialism or by catering to the requirements of narrow practical utility. It means prioritizing interdisciplinary integration by simultaneously acknowledging the role of societal and natural factors in accounting for sustainability issues.

Interdisciplinary research within the field of sustainability studies often faces incompatible ontological assumptions deriving from natural and social sciences. The importance of this fact is often underrated and sometimes leads to the wrong strategies. We distinguish between two broad approaches in interdisciplinarity: unificationism and pluralism. Unificationism seeks unification and perceives disciplinary boundaries as conventional, representing no long-term obstacle to progress, whereas pluralism emphasizes more ephemeral and transient interdisciplinary connections and underscores the autonomy of the disciplines with respect to one another. Both approaches have their merits and pitfalls. Unification runs the risk of scientific imperialism, while pluralism can result in insurmountable barriers between disciplines. We made a comparison of eight distinct interdisciplinary attempts at integration of knowledge across social and natural sciences. The comparison was carried out as four pairwise comparisons: environmental economics versus ecological economics, environmental history versus historical ecology, resilience theory versus political ecology, and socio-biology versus actor-network theory. We conclude by showing that none of these prominent eight interdisciplinary fields in and of itself manages to provide, in a satisfactory way, such an integrated understanding of sustainability. We argue for pluralism and advocate complex ways of articulating divergent ontological assumptions. This is not equivalent to pursuing knowledge unification either through scientific imperialism or by catering to the requirements of narrow practical utility. It means prioritizing interdisciplinary integration by simultaneously acknowledging the role of societal and natural factors in accounting for sustainability issues. ; Peer reviewed