One of the most important things in the management of regional assets or wealth is the existence of institutions that areable to manage the regional assets properly and in accordance with applicable regulations. The role of institutions andhuman resources greatly affect the quality management of assets or property owned by the region because no matterhow good the system is available if not supported by good institutional and human resource quality, the management ofassets or property of the region will not run properly. Conditions of organizational governance applied by theGovernment of Makassar City in relation to the implementation of Asset Manager performance assessment has notshown synergy that supports the improvement of asset management. The facts show that due to poor organizationalgovernance in the field of asset management causes the performance of asset management realization is not inaccordance with the expected target. Problems that arise regarding the administration of local assets, one of them isbecause not yet apply the guidance of good governance or good governance in presenting information and data aboutasset. Of course, the governance adopted by the Government of Makassar City should be based on the actualization ofgood governance principles or sound organizational governance to improve the performance of local government assetmanagement. This study aims to analyze the effect of organizational commitment, competence, and good governance onthe quality of asset management. This study uses primary and secondary data. The sampling technique used is simplerandom sampling on the employees in the Finance and Asset Management Board of Makassar City and 52 SKPD(consisting of Agency, Agency, Regional Hospital and District). The number of samples in this study is 125 employees.Data analysis used is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Abstrak: Gerakan untuk memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender telah mendapatkan respon positif dari beberapa kalangan, bahkan sudah mendapatkan legitimasi legal sebagaimana tertuang dalam CEDAW (The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women) yang diratifikasi oleh 183 negara pada tahun 2006. Bagi kalangan reformis religious, kondisi ini justru menjadi tantangan tersendiri terkait dengan bagaimana membangun argumentasi kesetaraan dan keadilan gender tidak hanya secara politis tapi juga secara religious. Dalam hal ini, ada dua pendekatan yang dilakukan, yakni: reinterpretasi al-Qur'an dan rekonstruksi sejarah. Meskipun kedua pendekatan tersebut saling terkait, namun tulisan ini lebih terfokus pada pendekatan kedua, yakni tentang bagaimana posisi dan peran perempuan dalam kepemimpinan politik dan militer. Secara historis, peran politis dan militer perempuan terepresentasikan dalam beberapa tokoh dan pejuang perempuan, seperti Aisyah, Nusaiba bint Ka'b al-Ansariya, Azdah bint al-Harith, dan lain-lain. Beberapa perempuan lain juga terkenal aktif dalam perjuangan pembebasan bangsa seperti Cut Nyak Dien, Chawa Barajewa dari Chechya dan beberapa perempuan Chechnya lain yang terlibat dalam perlawanan fisik terhadap pemerintahan Uni Soviet. Dalam wilayah kepemimpinan politis, beberapa negara Muslim telah memberikan kesempatan lebih luas bagi perempuan untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam berbagai ruang publik. Bahkan kepemimpinan religious pun tidak lagi menjadi monopoli laki-laki dengan adanya mufti-mufti perempuan. The movement to fight for gender equality has got a positive response from some parties, even it has also got legal legitimacy as enshrined in CEDAW (The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women), which was ratified by 183 countries in 2006. For religious reformist, this condition is actually a challenge in relation with the way to build arguments gender equality is not only on political side but also in religious one. In this case, there are two ...
Abstrak: Gerakan untuk memperjuangkan kesetaraan gender telah mendapatkan respon positif dari beberapa kalangan, bahkan sudah mendapatkan legitimasi legal sebagaimana tertuang dalam CEDAW (The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women) yang diratifikasi oleh 183 negara pada tahun 2006. Bagi kalangan reformis religious, kondisi ini justru menjadi tantangan tersendiri terkait dengan bagaimana membangun argumentasi kesetaraan dan keadilan gender tidak hanya secara politis tapi juga secara religious. Dalam hal ini, ada dua pendekatan yang dilakukan, yakni: reinterpretasi al-Qur'an dan rekonstruksi sejarah. Meskipun kedua pendekatan tersebut saling terkait, namun tulisan ini lebih terfokus pada pendekatan kedua, yakni tentang bagaimana posisi dan peran perempuan dalam kepemimpinan politik dan militer. Secara historis, peran politis dan militer perempuan terepresentasikan dalam beberapa tokoh dan pejuang perempuan, seperti Aisyah, Nusaiba bint Ka'b al-Ansariya, Azdah bint al-Harith, dan lain-lain. Beberapa perempuan lain juga terkenal aktif dalam perjuangan pembebasan bangsa seperti Cut Nyak Dien, Chawa Barajewa dari Chechya dan beberapa perempuan Chechnya lain yang terlibat dalam perlawanan fisik terhadap pemerintahan Uni Soviet. Dalam wilayah kepemimpinan politis, beberapa negara Muslim telah memberikan kesempatan lebih luas bagi perempuan untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam berbagai ruang publik. Bahkan kepemimpinan religious pun tidak lagi menjadi monopoli laki-laki dengan adanya mufti-mufti perempuan. The movement to fight for gender equality has got a positive response from some parties, even it has also got legal legitimacy as enshrined in CEDAW (The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women), which was ratified by 183 countries in 2006. For religious reformist, this condition is actually a challenge in relation with the way to build arguments gender equality is not only on political side but also in religious one. In this case, there are two approaches performed, namely: a reinterpretation of the Koran and historical reconstruction. Although the two approaches are interrelated, but this article focuses more on the second approach, which is about how the position and role of women in the political and military leadership. Historically, the role of women in politics and military are represented in several prominent and female fighters, like Aisha, Nusaiba bint Ka'b al-Ansariya, Azdah bint al-Harith, and others. Some other well-known women active in the struggle for national liberation as Cut Nyak Dien, Chawa Barajewa of Chechya and several other Chechen women who engage in physical resistance against Soviet rule. In the area of political leadership, some Muslim countries have provided greater opportunity for women to actively participate in various public spaces. Even the religious leadership was no longer the monopoly of men with the women who can make decisions. Kata Kunci: Perempuan, Kepemimpinan Politik, Militer.
The company is very difficult to reduce operating costs because of the increase in employee wages, the price of raw materials and which is not less important and the effect is the energy price of electricity continues to rise. Energy conservation is one of the efforts in controlling the use of electrical energy without having to reduce the quantity and quality of production.PT. PWI is one of the export-oriented shoe product manufacturing companies, the demand from consumers is increasing every year, especially for the European and American markets, this requires the adequacy of electricity that has high economic value. This research area is office floors and supporting buildings which are referred to as control roomsEnergy audit and management is one method that is often used in companies or government agencies in saving energy use, with the main step of conducting an initial audit of areas and equipment that uses electrical energy, data analysis, detailed audits, monitoring and recommendations for subsequent improvements.Based on the results of the collection of energy consumption intensity data (IKE) in the supporting space in total is 251.56 kWh / m2, meaning that it is still above the standard set of 240 kWh / m2. Potential opportunities for PHE are obtained in areas that have an air conditioning system (AC), namely by replacing the type of refrigerant previously Freon (synthetic) type into the Musicool type. Through the measurement process before and after replacing the type of refrigerant, it is obtained a reduction in energy consumption of 908.170.84 kWh / year, and an efficiency of 64.42 % (rounding results).
This paper aims to analyze the of state institutions collaboration General Elections Supervisory Board of the Republic of Indonesia with various civil society groups in the 2014 General Election in Indonesia. This research using qualitative methods through in-depth interviews in 25 key informants from the various agencies involved and supported by secondary data from Election Supervisory Board (Bawaslu) Republic of Indonesia. The results showed that the collaboration of state agencies Elections Supervisory Board of the Republic of Indonesia with various civil society groups gave birth to consciousness in the form of participatory supervisory GSRPP (Movement One Million Volunteer Election Supervisory). GSRPP reveal the existence of the occurrence of a variety of fraud and violations of the legislative and presidential elections in 2014 in Indonesia. GSRPP expected presence will minimize the occurrence of fraud and violations of democracy in the next elections in Indonesia.
This paper examines religious and state relations of Islamic thought perspective. This study aims to describe how the relationship between religion and state in the view of Islam. The method used in obtaining data is descriptive method through literature study. The results of the study show that among Muslim figures or thinkers such as Nurcholish Madjid and Abdur Rahman Wahid agree that there is a constructive relationship between state and religion which by revivalists separates it. Some of the indicators are: (1) Islam gives the principles of the formation of a state with the concept of khalīfah ,dawlah, or hukūmah, (2) Islam emphasizes the democratic values of truth and justice, and (3) Islam upholds Human Rights by stating that the basic rights that human beings bring ever since they are born are the right of religious freedom. Therefore, Islam essentially emphasizes the importance of human rights to be upheld in a state, because human rights are rights that should not be disturbed and deprived from the person who has the right. ; Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang relasi agama dan negara perspektif pemikiran Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana relasi antara agama dan negara dalam pandangan Islam. Metode yang digunakan dalam mendapatkan data adalah metode deskriptif melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa diantara tokoh atau pemikir muslim seperti Nurcholish Madjid dan Abdur Rahman Wahid bersepakat bahwa terdapat relasi yang konstruktif antara dua hal yaitu negara dan agama yang oleh kalangan revivalis memisahkannya. Beberapa indikatornya adalah: (1) Islam memberi prinsip-prinsip terbentuknya suatu negara dengan adanya konsep khalīfah, dawlah, atau hukūmah, (2) Islam menekankan pada nilai-nilai demokrasi yakni kebenaran dan keadilan, dan (3) Islam menjunjung tinggi Hak Azasi Manusia (HAM) dengan menetapkan bahwa hak dasar yang dibawa manusia sejak lahir adalah hak kemerdekaan beragama. Karena itu, Islam secara esensial menekankan pentingnya hak asasi manusia untuk ditegakkan dalam sebuah negara, karena hak asasi manusia itu adalah hak yang tidak boleh diganggu dan dirampas dari orang yang memiliki hak tersebut.
The research is aimed at analyzing the ICSID (International Centre Settlement Investment Dispute) decision in solving a dispute between Churchill Mining PLC and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. The case brought to the public attention, because mining license owned by PT. Ridlatama which acquired from Churchill Mining PLC had been revocated. Churchill Mining PLC holds 75% share of PT. Ridlatama and it suffered losses caused by the revocation of its mining license. Churchill Mining PLC filed the case to the local court but it failed. Churchill Mining PLC then sought ruling from International arbitration or ICSID. On December 6, 2016, ICSID issued a decision that clearly threw out Churchill Mining PLC claim. ICSID, the World Bank court, ordered the firm to pay a total of US$.9.446.528 in cost to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. It is based on the evidences that the UK-Australia company did the fraud and had document forgery of coal mining permit in East Kutai, Indonesia. So the firm has violated the Bilateral Investment Treaties between Indonesia-UK and Indonesia-Australia.
The condition of State and Private Universities in Indonesia, especially West Java, is connected with the condition of universities in the world is still very alarming. PTN and PTS rankings in Indonesia and West Java in particular are still far from expectations. West Java Higher Education Position for world level still not able to occupy the rank of 100 magnitude. Still far from the top 50 positions. Even to the level of Asia although not many PT in Indonesia especially West Java which is able to occupy the top 50 rankings. In ASEAN only UI is able to rank 6th ASEAN. The others are far from expectations. The phenomenon of such problems need to be explored and sought by the solution so that Indonesian universities in West Java can advance in the competition among PT in the world, especially ASEAN and Asia so as to increase the competitiveness of Indonesian nation in the competition of nations in the world.Keywords: Universities, Competitiveness, Asean Economic Community
Makalah ini menjelaskan tentang bagaimana caranya menerapkan ilmu pemasaran dalam bidang politik khususnya ilmu pemasaran jasa yang berdimensi TERRA untuk memasarkan seorang kandidat Kepala Daerah di DKI Jakarta. Pembentukan tim pemasaran atau tim kampanyenya serta penekanan program pemasaran seorang Cagub DKI yang seharusnya dilakukan dan bagaimana menanggapi respon masyarakat sebagai calon pemilih di Pilkada. Selain itu pembahasannya juga menyinggung tentang suasana persaingan dan tema program apa yang harus disampaikan pada pasar calon pemilih ini. Hal lain yang dibicarakan yaitu berkaitan dengan survey tentang keinginan pasar tentang produk jasa apa yang diharapkan dari seorang Cagub yang jika sesuai dengan harapan mereka tentu akan menjadi pilihan di Pemungutan Suara Pilkada DKI 2017. Kata Kunci: Pemasaran, Dimensi TERRA, Bauran Pemasaran Jasa
The article sought to study Barack Obama's 2007 bid for the presidency in his Announcement Speech and Hillary Rodham Clinton's 2015 bid for the presidency in her Campaign Launch Speech. It focused on how both candidates used the central ideas and their development into the main ideas of the speeches to declare their bids for President of the U.S.A. The research raised some questions regarding whether the two speeches had similarities, as both politicians were running in the presidential race on the Democratic Party's path. The research method employed qualitative content analysis to study the core meaning of the speeches based on new analytical narratives viewed in terms of specific rhetorical strategies. Subsequently, the study interpreted the underlying thought behind the speeches by focusing on the central ideas and their elaboration into the main ideas. The article showed that Obama and Clinton shared some similarities as they attempted to earn the support of Americans of all backgrounds. They defended the cause of the middle-class economy. Obama focused more on a coalition of Americans of diverse background and change, whereas Clinton focused more on furthering the middle-class economy.
Gender mainstreaming is a globally accepted strategy for promoting gender equality. Mainstreaming is not an end in itself but a strategy, an approach, a means to achieve the goal of gender equality. Mainstreaming involves ensuring that gender perspectives and attention to the goal of gender equality are central to all activities - policy development, research, advocacy/dialogue, legislation, resource allocation, and planning, implementation and monitoring of programs and projects. Gender mainstreaming is, therefore, becoming a collective awareness and concern in most countries since it is viewed as one of the most appropriate, comprehensive and representative approaches to solve both the problem of gender inequality and the problem of violence against women and children including in Indonesia in general and Aceh in particular. This study is aimed at exploring how gender mainstreaming initiatives, attempts to integrate a gender equality approach to post-tsunami and post-conflict reconstruction and development efforts in Aceh, take part in the social and political reconstruction by both reproducing and subverting gendered images of temporality and spatiality as well as promoting a holistic gender equality in all aspects of life. The method used in doing this research is a library method in which all related data and library resources are collected, examined and finally analyzed. The result of this study suggests, among others, that gender mainstreaming should be based on a holistic approach, not only in spirit and conceptual basis but also in practical and social reality basis, such as empowering women in having equal access toward education, access to economic resources, access to the right of possessing property, etc. Moreover, one of another important result of this study is that the violence against women and children that still commonly occur almost everywhere in the world should be viewed as collective enemy and challenge which needs to be faced and eliminated collectively as well.
As indicators of social welfare, the degree of inequality and the incidence of deprivation are a concern to policy makers and researchers. Other things being constant, higher degrees of inequality and deprivation correspond to lower levels of social welfare. The availability of inequality and deprivation measures is essential if governments are to assess, analyse, and monitor the degrees of inequality and deprivation accurately over time and make appropriate decisions in order to reduce inequality and deprivation, and provide sustainable development to the society. This thesis examines the degree of inequality and the incidence of deprivation in Australia over the period 2001 - 2010 using income, mental health status, and education level as indicators of well-being. The study is a multidimensional one using Bayesian inference. A comparison of levels of well-being over time and for different population subgroups is done using Bayesian methodology for assessing unidimensional and multidimensional stochastic dominance. These well-being comparisons depend on the joint and marginal distributions of well-being and how they are estimated. Thus, the general objective is accompanied by several secondary objectives. Given that Bayesian inference is used, and that the available data are assigned survey sampling weights, our secondary aim is to propose and assess Bayesian methodology for including sampling weights in density estimation. We propose a new Bayesian weighted sampling algorithm to take into account the sampling weights in joint and marginal density estimation. It is applied to estimate a mixture of gamma densities to model income distributions, a mixture of beta densities to model mental health distributions, and an ordinal categorical model to model education distributions. The joint distribution of income and mental health and education level is modelled using a parametric class of copula. In Chapter 4, two new Bayesian methodologies that allow information from sampling weights to be incorporated into the estimation and inference of unknown parameters are proposed. They are a Bayesian pseudo posterior estimator (BPPE) and a Bayesian weighted estimator (BWE). The Monte Carlo simulation results show that the BPPE and BWE produce estimates whose means are close to the true values. However, the posterior variance associated with the BPPE is too small in the sense that it does not reflect the variance of the estimates in repeated samples. The posterior variance of BWE is comparable to the sandwich variance estimator used by pseudo maximum likelihood estimation (PMLE). Also, the BPPE approach does not extend easily to more general econometric models, such as mixture and latent variable models. A major advantage of BWE is its ability to be applied in a more general set of models that can be estimated by Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Chapter 5 contributes to the empirical stochastic dominance literature by developing a Bayesian approach, rather than continuing the current trend in the literature of further developing the sampling-theory approach. In this chapter, the proposed methods are applied to income distribution and welfare and inequality analysis in Australia. The results from the Bayesian analysis are reported as posterior probabilities of each of the possible outcomes, the probability that X dominates Y, the probability that Y dominates X, and the probability that neither dominates. This chapter extends the stochastic dominance analysis of Chotikapanich and Griffiths (2006) in several ways. Firstly, a mixture of gamma distributions is chosen as a more flexible model for the income distributions. A gamma mixture is specifically chosen to analyse data defined over the positive real line, which is appropriate for income distributions. Secondly, estimates of lower and upper bounds for the posterior probability of dominance are provided. Thirdly, using the Bayesian weighted estimator (BWE), the sampling weights provided are included in the estimation of gamma mixture models to ensure that conclusions drawn from the sample analysis apply to the general population as well. Lastly, the methodology developed is applied to analyse the individual disposable income distribution in Australia for the period 2001-2010. Chapter 6 considers estimation of the joint distribution of income, mental health score and education level using a Gaussian copula model. In this chapter, we show that all parameters of the marginals and copula functions can be estimated jointly by using MCMC to draw observations from the joint posterior density of all the unknown parameters. Flexible mixtures of beta and gamma densities are used as models for mental health and income distributions, respectively. A gamma mixture model is specifically chosen to analyse data defined over the positive real line and a beta mixture model is chosen to analyse data defined over the range (0,1), which is an appropriate for the index of mental health. An ordinal categorical model is used to model the education distribution. In Chapter 7, we introduce Bayesian test procedures for multidimensional stochastic dominance. In particular, we present a Bayesian framework for assessing multidimensional stochastic dominance involving two or more dominance conditions over the entire, or a subset of, the multidimensional distribution of well-being. We propose dominance conditions that belong to the classes of utility functions U1, U2, and U3. The dominance conditions that belong to the class U3 are related to the Muller and Trannoy (2011) conditions that include preference for more equal marginal distributions of income, mental health, and education, and substitutability among attributes such that priority is given to income-poor people by providing them with better access to mental health care and education to improve their level of these factors. Using income, level of mental health, and level of education as measures of well-being, we use the Bayesian test procedures to compare the social welfare and poverty for individuals 15 years of age or older in Australia over the period 2001 - 2010. Comparisons are made using the overall distribution and different population subgroups.
This research aims to dissect the way to solve land burning in Indonesia through "proper roads" which is a way that is in accordance with procedures or through "shortcuts" which is a direct way to the core problem. The scope of this writing covers legal, political, economic and socio-cultural aspects. The method used is descriptive analysis with the perspective of a rule of law that emphasizes sovereignty based on Pancasila, specifically the 5th precept, namely social justice for all the people of Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that land burning is mostly carried out by companies rather than the community. This continues because of the weak application of the law, both because of the limited resources of law enforcement officials and long and long-winded procedures. Cost efficiency factors are the main reason for burning and the view of burning land is common and has been done for generations. Settlement through the "proper way" by firmly enforcing the existing rules, Giving a deterrent effect to the perpetrators of forest fires through administrative, civil, criminal and disciplinary sanctions. Completion of "short cut" with a preventive approach (preventive) and non-court (non litigation). The conclusion of this paper is that each path has rationalization, consequences and benefits. The choice of road is an agreement from the executive, legislative and judiciary at the state, provincial and district levels.
The backwardness of Muslim in all part of this life, economy, education, culture, politics and others has made reaction on Muslim by various thinking. In one side, Islamic thought which always maintains good old tradition and takes the better modern tradition (Islam traditionalist). In the other hand, there is Islamic thought and it tends to see the mental process, creativity, culture, and theologism and the problem. Thus, they show tajdid (exchange); purification, and ijtihad (Islam modernism). Configuration of Islamic thought is created and affected by history and environment. Moreover, in the 20th centuries becomes important momentum for Islamic thought. They are; Islam and rational, Islamic culture, Transformative Islam have been formulated for Islamic thinker.
