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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of localized auditory information on visual target detection performance. Visual targets were presented on either a wide field-of-view dome display or a helmet-mounted display and were accompanied by either localized, nonlocalized, or no auditory information. The addition of localized auditory information resulted in significant increases in target detection performance and significant reductions in workload ratings as compared with conditions in which auditory information was either nonlocalized or absent. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of participants′ head motions revealed that the addition of localized auditory information resulted in extremely efficient and consistent search strategies. Implications for the development and design of multisensory virtual environments are discussed. Actual or potential applications of this research include the use of spatial auditory displays to augment visual information presented in helmet-mounted displays, thereby leading to increases in performance efficiency, reductions in physical and mental workload, and enhanced spatial awareness of objects in the environment.

Biosafety, biosecurity, logistical, political, and technical considerations can delay or prevent the wide dissemination of source material containing viable virus from the geographic origin of an outbreak to laboratories involved in developing medical countermeasures (MCMs). However, once virus genome sequence information is available from clinical samples, reverse-genetics systems can be used to generate virus stocks de novo to initiate MCM development. In this study, we developed a reverse-genetics system for natural isolates of Ebola virus (EBOV) variants Makona, Tumba, and Ituri, which have been challenging to obtain. These systems were generated starting solely with in silico genome sequence information and have been used successfully to produce recombinant stocks of each of the viruses for use in MCM testing. The antiviral activity of MCMs targeting viral entry varied depending on the recombinant virus isolate used. Collectively, selecting and synthetically engineering emerging EBOV variants and demonstrating their efficacy against available MCMs will be crucial for answering pressing public health and biosecurity concerns during Ebola disease (EBOD) outbreaks.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Universities, entrepreneurial ecosystems, and sustainability: An overview -- Part I: Universities and entrepreneurial ecosystems -- Chapter 1 Entrepreneurial ecosystems, learning regions, and the role of universities -- Chapter 2 The dark side of the university's participation in innovation ecosystems -- Chapter 3 Enablers to fostering interactions during entrepreneurship events within universitybased entrepreneurship ecosystems (U-BEEs) -- Chapter 4 Does education ensure entrepreneurial initiative? Approaching an entrepreneurial ecosystems taxonomy -- Chapter 5 The ambiguous role of best practice examples for knowledge spillovers: Evidence from universities and start-ups in the Berlin entrepreneurial ecosystem -- Part II: U–I cooperation and sustainability -- Chapter 6 Building sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: A mediated model of university–industry collaboration, knowledge creation, and the entrepreneurial environment -- Chapter 7 University–industry collaboration to support sustainability: An analysis of the determining factors for European Union countries -- Chapter 8 University business incubators as drivers of sustainability: The perspective of critical success factors -- Chapter 9 Universities as change agents of SMEs' sustainable innovation: A knowledge transfer view -- Chapter 10 University research centres as catalysers in entrepreneurial ecosystems: Fostering the transitions towards sustainable business models via the university–business interface -- Chapter 11 The Spinner Innovation: Factors for inclusion and advocating in sustainable ecosystems -- Part III: Universities and entrepreneurial activities -- Chapter 12 Boundary spanners enabling knowledge integration for sustainable innovations in university–industry research centres -- Chapter 13 An entrepreneurial ecosystem support model in the digital era: Crowdfunding -- Chapter 14 Steering productive entrepreneurship activities in emerging markets: The role of the university -- Chapter 15 Medical device scientists' influence on research impact within entrepreneurial ecosystems: A systematic literature review -- Chapter 16 Students' perceptions of university social responsibility: A cross-cultural comparison -- Chapter 17 Which pathways lead us to the university of the future? -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Contributors