Suchergebnisse

Despite recent developments in "fiscal sociology" (i.e. the sociological analysis of taxation and public finances), few efforts have been made to synthesize scholarly developments in the field. This is particularly surprising because much of the literature on the determinants of taxation bears directly on the debates in political sociology about the social, political, institutional, and other determinants of government policy. This essay reviews and integrates the literature on tax policy formation and relates it to these general debates. It also explores some of the important but often neglected effects that taxation has on such phenomena as political revolution, state building, economic organization, labor force participation, and philanthropy. Thus, this essay demonstrates the significance and reviews recent developments in fiscal sociology.

A discussion of the origins of collective corporate activity, based on the idea that business leaders form collective organizations when they perceive that the state cannot successfully intervene to solve the problem at hand. This contention is at odds with the usual argument advanced by social scientists, that business leaders form collective organizations only in the face of pending state regulatory intervention, which they fear will be excessive. The commercial nuclear energy sector's collective organizational response to the 1979 Three Mile Island (Pa) nuclear power plant accident is examined to test the hypothesis, using data drawn from government documents, trade association publications, secondary accounts, personal correspondence, & 1987 interviews with key players (N not provided). Motivations for creating associations & other collective organizations -- eg, the Three Mile Island Ad Hoc Oversight Committee, & the Instit of Nuclear Power Operations -- are highlighted. It is argued that these associations were created with the intention of regulating the sector more effectively than the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission seemed able to do. 71 References. C. Grindle

The state has different institutional capacities for providing finance capital to industrial sectors in different countries. These differences help explain the commercial nuclear energy sector's collapse in the US & its success in France. The implications for institutional theories of political economy are explored. It is argued that to understand the state's ability to plan industrial development, an analysis of its control over the processes of both internal & external capital formation is required. 1 Table, 50 References. HA

Influence of profit regulation on the ability of U.S. utilities to develop nuclear energy; comparison with France; based on conference paper.