Suchergebnisse

Guerre "juste", guerre "totale", guerre "conventionnelle", "guérillas"... : si la guerre est une constante de l'histoire des hommes, elle n'en est pas moins en évolution perpétuelle. Aujourd'hui, alors que le nombre de conflits est en diminution, c'est pourtant le thème du "retour de la guerre" qui domine les débats. Et tandis que les armées occidentales ont recours à des moyens de très haute technologie, les modes les plus primitifs du combat restent en vigueur dans de nombreux pays en développement. Allant au-delà des idées reçues, Bruno Tertrais retrace les principales mutations de la guerre, examine les causes des conflits armés, en dresse le panorama contemporain. Il explicite les modes de régulation existants et s'interroge sur les formes de guerres à venir : y aura-t-il des "guerres de civilisation" ou des "guerres de ressources" ?

"As political tides shift and funding for college-in-prison programming ebbs and flows, educators who work in these contexts are often left with few resources for questioning their practice and their field. To that end, this book aims to encourage dialogue, to ask educators to interrogate their values, beliefs, and practices with and about college-in-prison programming and the students those programs serve. By consulting the works of Paulo Freire and Ernst Bloch, this text seeks to present a methodology for best designing and implementing a meaningful literacy pedagogy for incarcerated students at the nexus of social, political, and educational contexts"--

List of tables -- List of figures -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: two takes, two stories -- Chapter 1 -- leaders and parties in Western Europe -- Party decline and the rise of party leaders -- The focus on party leader selection rules -- Limits and insights of existing studies -- Party change, the personalisation of politics, and openings in party leader selection rules -- Conclusions -- Chapter 2 -- setting the ground: the opening of party leader selection rules -- The dependent variable: party leader selectorate -- Time and space: the case selection and the features of the party leader selectorates -- The research question and the general framework of analysis -- Conclusions -- Chapter 3 -- the internal and external factors -- The leadership change -- The membership decline -- The personalisation of politics (1): leaders' control of party organisations -- Party family -- The electoral setback -- The opposition status -- The contagion effect -- The personalisation of politics (2): a general effect -- Conclusions -- Chapter 4 -- explaining openings in party leader selection rules -- The empirical analysis -- A first discussion of the insights from the analysis -- Conclusions -- Chapter 5 -- the PCI-PDS: the strength of ideology -- Communist ideology and practices in the PCI -- Leader selection in the PCI (and the early PDS): from Natta to Occhetto -- The connection between the PCI and the PDS -- The missed opening of the leader selectorate in the PDS in 1994 -- Ideology strikes back: the victory of D'Alema against Veltroni in 1994 -- Conclusions -- Chapter 6 -- the Northern League: the consequences of intra-party divisions -- The Northern League under Umberto Bossi -- The 2012 events: the old guard passes the baton, or does not? -- A divided party, a weaker leadership: the Northern League in 2013 -- The opening of the selectorate in the Northern League in 2013 -- The historical party leader and the rising star: Bossi vs Salvini in 2013 -- Conclusions -- Conclusions: new opportunities for leaders and parties? -- Appendix A -- list of countries and parties -- Appendix B -- specifications on variables' operationalization.

Frontmatter -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Introduction: What Is to Be Done with Political Ecology? -- 1. Why Political Ecology Has to Let Go of Nature -- 2. How to Bring the Collective Together -- 3. A New Separation of Powers -- 4. Skills for the Collective -- 5. Exploring Common Worlds -- Conclusion: What Is to Be Done? Political Ecology! -- Summary of the Argument (for Readers in a Hurry . . .) -- Glossary -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index