Suchergebnisse

This dissertation aims to find ways to improve environmental and energy performances of three small wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). These WWTP, placed in Sintra municipality, were case studies for the identification of corrective measures and solutions in order to improve their environmental and energy performance. The settings of these three WWTP was obtained by an audit exercise, performed under a specific methodology for small WWTP. After this assessment were proposed corrections and solutions for all identified improvement opportunities. Were also discussed solutions for the treatment of sewage sludge, due to the actual problems resulted by its disposal and to take advantage of its energy valorisation potential. Was presented as case study, a sludge thermal treatment and its energy valorisation by gasification. This specific case study was occurred in a pilot gasification reactor in San Sebastian, Spain. Another theme discussed on this dissertation was the possibility to provide energy autonomy for small and isolated WWTP using renewable energies, in this specific case, wind energy. Was studied the wind availability and pattern, for the region of Magoito, where Magoito WWTP is placed. This study was supported by Wasp software, analysis of meteorological databases for the region and by the collection of data provided by an on-site a meteorological station, placed on Magoito WWTP. The state of the art on wastewater treatment technologies and sludge treatment and valorisation, for small WWTP, was also compiled, as well as an overview of the main Portuguese and European legislation and European policies on this subject.

Multilevel modeling was used to assess the program characteristics associated with treatment retention among 637 women in 16 residential drug treatment programs in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study. Women who were pregnant or had dependent children had higher rates of retention in programs in which there were higher percentages of other such women. Longer retention was associated with higher rates of posttreatment abstinence. Bivariate analyses showed that programs with higher proportions of pregnant and parenting women provided more services related to women's needs. The findings support the provision of specialized services and programs for women in order to improve outcomes of drug abuse treatment.

This paper considers recent methodological developments in the treatment effects literature, describes their value for applied evaluation work, and suggests next steps. It pays particular attention to documenting the presence of treatment effect heterogeneity, to the quest to attach treatment effect heterogeneity to particular subgroups and other moderators, and to the recent application of machine learning methods in this domain.

"Groundwater Treatment Technology, Third Edition provides a complete review of current technologies for groundwater treatment. It also explains the design techniques that are required to apply those technologies successfully in a groundwater cleanup and provides the reader with the unique design criteria and detailed knowledge of these specific treatment methods. Given the current prominence of aboveground treatment, the text limits the design discussion to aboveground techniques, though it still discusses how the various aboveground technologies interact with various in-situ methods"--Ebook page

Most practitioners in the field of drug treatment believe a person cannot be rehabilitated unless he or she wishes to be. Coercion, they state, could never lead to the incorporation of the personal insights and understandings required to check substance abuse. The author postulates that there is a role for early intervention, based upon coercion, to interrupt self-destructive conduct and set the stage for later treatment.

Arzt, Arzneimittel und Selbstmedikation aus der Sicht der
Bevölkerung.

Themen: Zusammensetzung der Hausapotheke; Einkaufshäufigkeit von
Arzneimitteln; detaillierte Angaben über die Art von gesundheitlichen
Beschwerden im letzten Jahr; Verhalten bei Zahnbeschwerden und
Häufigkeit des Zahnarztbesuches; Familienarzt oder Individualarzt;
Bedeutung und Fachrichtung des Hausarztes; Fachrichtung der in Anspruch
genommenen Ärzte; Beurteilung der Einflußnahme der Werbung für
Pharmaartikel auf die Verordnungspraxis des Arztes; Einkaufsquellen für
Arzneimittel allgemein und für durch Pharmawerbung veranlaßte
Selbstmedikationen; Vertrauen in Medien oder Personen bei der
Arzneimittelempfehlung; Wunschverordnung von Arzneimitteln; Art der
Beschwerden, gegen die ein gewünschtes Mittel verschrieben wurde;
Verordnung von Arzneimitteln, die selbst zu zahlen waren; Begründung des
Arztes für die Selbstzahlung; Gesundheitsbeschwerden und
Anwendungsverhalten bei überreichten Ärztemustern; Verhalten bei
leichten Beschwerden und Art verwendeter Hausmittel; Verwendung nicht
verbrauchter Arzneimittel; Kenntnis über die Verderblichkeit von
Tabletten, Dragees und Säften; vermeintliche Ursachen körperlicher
Beschwerden; Teilnahme an Schutzimpfungen und Vorsorgeuntersuchungen;
Art der Beschwerden und Verhalten bei Wetterfühligkeit;
Schmerzempfinden, Schmerzlokalisation und Selbsthilfemaßnahmen.

Demographie: Alter; Familienstand; Konfession; Schulbildung; Beruf;
Berufstätigkeit; Haushaltseinkommen; Haushaltsgröße;
Haushaltungsvorstand.

A community treatment order is now a well-established feature of various common law jurisdictions in North America and Australasia, and in other countries. Its introduction into England and Wales was a central part of the government's drawn out reform of the Mental Health Act 1983, and it attracted heated debate as part of the Parliamentary process, both in the exchanges between Parliamentarians and the evidence and briefings filed by interested parties. A CTO provision was introduced with a speedier gestation period in Scotland. But there is no single form of "community treatment order"; and there may also be different policy objectives. What is usually central is the desire to provide a regime for patients who are assessed as being able to function in the community so long as they accept medication but who may disengage from treatment and relapse to the extent that they require in-patient treatment: the description "revolving door" is often attached to such patients and was during the course of the debates.The first question to be explored is whether what emerged in the Mental Health Act 2007 is much different from what already exists in relation to such patients: if it is and it allows community treatment which was previously not available, the further question is whether that is a good thing in light of the experience of other jurisdictions that have CTO regimes. If it is not, there are two further questions: firstly, why has something called a CTO been introduced if it does not amount to a change of substance; and secondly, is it a missed opportunity in light of the information from other jurisdictions – in other words, would a substantive change provide benefits which England and Wales is now missing?