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This document is summarised in 'Climate change programme review [summary]'. ; The review proposes a range of measures designed to save at least ten million tonnes of carbon, which is needed to meet the Government's target of a 20 per cent reduction in emissions by 2010. ; Publisher PDF

This paper amphasizes the need for a much more vigorous reorientation of Research and Development. Governments, research institutions as well as farmer's organizations should advance low-cost, locally adapted technological development that improves both the overall productivity and the environmental and social sustainability of more extensive and traditional knowledge-based farming systems. Research should be re-oriented towards the needs of small-scale and family farmers and sustainable agriculture, and it should become more farmer-led. In addition, research should professionalize the exchange of traditional knowledge, because in times of global environmental change and fast-evolving economic restructurings, traditional knowledge, sustainable farming practices, and small-scale marketing strategies must be constantly improved by inter-cultural learning and information sharing.

E-learning brings new dimensions to traditional education. This especially affects countries that, due to many factors, have historically been considered the &ldquo ; talent pool&rdquo ; for the world community. In this study, a model for financing e-education has been developed that is applicable to Russian realities. The model was built around the balance between demand (global politics, economics, and principles of sustainable development) and supply (sources of direct financing). As a result, a key challenge of improving the e-learning financing methodology and models, specifically the efficiency of government spending and private investing, demands the use of new approaches and mechanisms. To improve e-learning financing, a clear understanding of the applied purpose of public and private means is required. Responsibilities for the e-learning outcome of institutions that receive financing are linked to their status. An unclear understanding of these issues is more likely associated with the issue of transparency of financing than with inefficiency. The proposed model allows transforming the &ldquo ; standards&rdquo ; of financing both in the field of e-education and Russian education in general and presents a new vision of participants&rsquo ; interaction in the educational process, taking into account a set of restrictions and market features.

English language version of 'Gosod y bwrdd : y Comisiwn Datblygu Cynaliadwy cyngor i'r Llywodraeth ar blaenoriathau deiet cynaliadwy'. ; Publisher PDF

The study aims to examine the relationship between art education and government policy towards sustainable urban development in Tehran. The mixed approach of quantitative and qualitative was adopted as the study design. Stratified sampling technique coupled with simple random sampling was used to sample 300 respondent for this study. Students, as well as development partners, were targeted. Both questionnaire and interviews for literate and non-literate respondents were used respectively. Likert scale questions were used to obtain the required data for the study. The study found that there is a strong relationship between art education and sustainable urban development in Tehran and hence more collaboration is required from the government and development partners to train engineers and Urban planners based on art education.

Examines the importance of modern transportation systems to sustainable development in Turkey, which inherited a limited system from the Ottoman Empire. Railroad construction was a policy priority to the founders of the Turkish Republic & the emphasis on railways continued until the late 1940s when resources were shifted to the neglected road network. This policy shift was motivated by Turkey's 1948 entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization & the political need to improve the movement of agricultural products to market. The dramatic improvement in Turkey's highway system led to the dominance of cars/trucks over rail that experts saw as a hindrance to economic growth. As a result, a 10-year master plan was published in 1982 that aimed at establishing an integrated transportation system that called for redistributing the movement of goods away from road transport to other modes of transportation. Special attention is given to political & economic obstacles that have prevented Turkey from developing a transportation system that efficiently promotes sustainable development. Future prospects are discussed. 6 Tables. J. Lindroth

The second of a series of four seminars intended to inform MSPs' scrutiny of the Climate Change Bill, Helping MSPs explore climate change with experts from within Scotland and elsewhere and thus raise the experts' awareness of the developments in climate change policy and legislation in Scotland. ; Publisher PDF

The third of a series of four seminars intended to inform MSPs' scrutiny of the Climate Change Bill, Helping MSPs explore climate change with experts from within Scotland and elsewhere and thus raise the experts' awareness of the developments in climate change policy and legislation in Scotland. ; Publisher PDF

This study examines the link between decentralization policy and sustainable development using empirical data of 33 provinces from 1995-2017. The study is structured into three parts. The first section analyzes the degree by creating the Sustainable Local Development Index (SLDI). This is based on a four-dimensional model, namely economic, social, environmental, and institutional dimensions. Secondly, the study examines the relationship between the decentralization policy and the degree of sustainable development with the panel data analysis. Lastly, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to provide the basis for evaluating the constraints and opportunities of decentralization policy and discuss further policy in dealing with this development in Indonesia. The results showed that the social and economic dimensions have a more robust influence on the increase of the degree of sustainable development in Indonesia than the environmental and institutional. The environmental dimension has slightly deteriorated, while the institutional remained stable. All provinces continue to experience a gradual yearly increase in development. From 1995-1999 this increment was relatively smaller compared to 2000-2017. An increase in the SLDI was relatively higher from the provinces in the western part of Indonesia than those in the eastern part. Besides, the effective decentralization policy is linked to the quality of sustainable development based on the panel data analysis. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that some decentralization policy indicators, such as the percentage of females as parliamentarians, the ratio of local government officers per people, the General Allocation Fund (DAU), and the Local Own-Source Revenues (PAD), positively and significantly affect sustainable local development. Furthermore, based on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, decentralization and sustainable development policies are dynamic and interdependent approaches across regions. The enormous upheavals of the policy in Indonesia are not a linear-consistent process and do not produce similar outcomes in each government unit. Decentralization improves local governance and political democracy in the spirit of reform with undesirable effects on the creation of disparities and environmental degradation. Some constraints influence local governments in responding to new opportunities towards achieving sustainable development, such as insufficient political will, incompetence in leadership, lack of local capacity, poor administrative management system, lagging renewable energy production, and shortcoming of public partnerships. Therefore, it is necessary to produce adaptive-responsive policies, such as interdisciplinary approaches, integrated planning designs, political-bureaucratic reform, leadership development, capacity building, strengthening public partnership, and local environmental knowledge according to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2015-2030.

English language version of 'Gwneud cynnydd yn gyflymach : ymateb cryno'r Comisiwn Datblygu Cynaliadwy i Fframwaith Cyffredin y DU ar gyfer Datblygu Cynaliadwy a Strategaeth Datblygu Cynaliadwy Llywodraeth y DU ar gyfer 2005'. ; In this summary we provide an overview of the UK's 'Shared Framework for Sustainable Development' and a quick take on where we think the strengths of the UK Government strategy lie, where we see key challenges ahead, and the areas where we want to see the Government taking action right now. ; Publisher PDF