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Education is being revolutionized by the introduction, of mobile technologies in the teaching and learning process. However, studies that focus in the application of mobile technologies to informal learning environments is scarce and not systematized [1]. This is the reason for conducting a research project that involved a urban game MobiGeo, designed in to take better advantage of the flexibility and ubiquity offered by the Mobile Learning (ML) but also taking into account the importance of motivation and interaction to enhance students learning. The definition of ML has been a complicated task for researchers, but there are assumptions that can not be neglected: the mobility, portability and ubiquity [2], these are features that will drive new learning spaces and thus motivate students. This idea is supported by [2] that introduces the concepts of "just in time", "just enough" and "just-for-me" and [4] that speaks of the triad "location independence", "independence time" and "meaningful content". These principles of "anytime" and "anywhere" consolidated by mobile technologies came to renew the variety of educational activities available to teachers and in this context arises the concept of mobile location-based games. According to [5] "these games are played in physical space, but at the same time, they are supported by actions and events in an interconnected virtual space", which can be classified into three categories: ludic, pedagogic and hybrid. By being in direct contact with the contents to assimilate and move in a real context, students will have a more significant learning [6] and this will result in the mobilization of knowledge in different contexts. To make the connection between the physical and the virtual world, our research has made use of Qr codes as these devices provide information in real time and in a dynamically way. For this research was idealized an urban game called "MobiGeo", that respect the principles suggested by [7] and that has as common thread the history of the European Union. ...

Education is being revolutionized by the introduction, of mobile technologies in the teaching and learning process. However, studies that focus in the application of mobile technologies to informal learning environments is scarce and not systematized [1]. This is the reason for conducting a research project that involved a urban game MobiGeo, designed in to take better advantage of the flexibility and ubiquity offered by the Mobile Learning (ML) but also taking into account the importance of motivation and interaction to enhance students learning. The definition of ML has been a complicated task for researchers, but there are assumptions that can not be neglected: the mobility, portability and ubiquity [2], these are features that will drive new learning spaces and thus motivate students. This idea is supported by [2] that introduces the concepts of "just in time", "just enough" and "just-for-me" and [4] that speaks of the triad "location independence", "independence time" and "meaningful content". These principles of "anytime" and "anywhere" consolidated by mobile technologies came to renew the variety of educational activities available to teachers and in this context arises the concept of mobile location-based games. According to [5] "these games are played in physical space, but at the same time, they are supported by actions and events in an interconnected virtual space", which can be classified into three categories: ludic, pedagogic and hybrid. By being in direct contact with the contents to assimilate and move in a real context, students will have a more significant learning [6] and this will result in the mobilization of knowledge in different contexts. To make the connection between the physical and the virtual world, our research has made use of Qr codes as these devices provide information in real time and in a dynamically way. For this research was idealized an urban game called "MobiGeo", that respect the principles suggested by [7] and that has as common thread the history of the European Union. ...

Rastreabilidade e visibilidade na cadeia de suprimentos são preocupações centrais para muitas empresas. A Identificação por Radiofrequência (Radio-Frequency Identification – RFID) é uma tecnologia que permite a identificação de objetos de uma forma totalmente automatizada por meio de ondas de rádio. Todavia, esta tecnologia possui aceitação limitada e custos elevados. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve o objetivo de projetar uma solução de controle e rastreamento na cadeia de suprimentos, utilizando o código de resposta rápida (QR Code) como uma alternativa menos complexa e com boa relação custo-benefício para a etiqueta RFID no gerenciamento da cadeia de suprimentos. Uma primeira proposta de arquitetura, usando software de código aberto, é apresentada como uma prova de conceito. A arquitetura do sistema exposta tem a finalidade de propiciar a geração de etiquetas, a aquisição e pré-processamento de imagens, e inventário e rastreamento de produtos. Um sistema protótipo para a identificação de etiquetas foi desenvolvido e discutido ao final do artigo para demonstrar a viabilidade de uma possível implantação.

Emergence of new technologies and modernization of existing information technologies, development of information and telecommunication processing and storage systems have increase the level of information security, necessitating an increase of information security's effectiveness with the complexity of data storage architecture. Security of information from unauthorized access is an essential measure to prevent material and non-material damage to its owner. So it is very important to take into account the efficiency of the subsystem of access control and data security in order to ensure security of some information system. Accordingly the threat of information leakage has made the means of information security and cyber security one of the mandatory characteristics of information and telecommunication systems and information security has become an integral part of professional function. Under conditions of the hybrid war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine? the number of cyber attacks on military information and telecommunication systems has increased. At the same time their technological complexity has increased too. This process necessitates the improvement of information security systems and the process of providing access to them by using modern types of users identification. Access control is an effective method of information security. It regulates the use of information system resources. User's identification is an important and integral element of access control system. An analysis of modern types of users identification is presented in the paper. The technology of QR-code is considered: the principle of formation, the types of coding, the structure of elements, the advantages of its usage. The interconnection between its components was established. Prospects for further research are the development of an algorithm and software application for user identification to provide access by QR-code to information and telecommunication systems for military purposes. ; Поява нових та модернізація сучасних інформаційних технологій, розвиток інформаційно-телекомунікаційних систем обробки та зберігання інформації зумовили необхідність зростання ефективності захисту інформації разом зі складністю архітектури зберігання даних. Захист інформації від несанкціонованого доступу є вкрай необхідним заходом для запобігання матеріального та нематеріального збитку її власника, тому дуже важливо досліджувати ефективність роботи підсистеми управління доступом та захисту даних задля збереження безпеки певної системи інформаційної інфраструктури. Загроза витоку інформації зробила засоби забезпечення інформаційної та кібербезпеки однією із обов'язкових характеристик інформаційно-телекомунікаційних систем, а захист інформації став невід'ємною складовою професійної діяльності. В умовах гібридної війни Російської Федерації проти України значно збільшилася кількість кібернетичних атак на інформаційно-телекомунікаційні системи військового призначення. Водночас зросла їх технологічна складність. Даний процес обумовлює необхідність удосконалення систем захисту інформації та процесу надання доступу до них з використанням сучасних видів ідентифікації користувачів. Ефективним методом захисту інформації є управління доступом. Він регулює використання ресурсів інформаційних систем. Важливим та невід'ємним елементом системи управління доступом є ідентифікація користувачів. У статті проаналізовано сучасні види ідентифікації користувачів. Розглянуто технологію QR-коду: принцип формування, види кодування, структуру елементів, переваги його використання. Встановлено взаємозв'язок між його складовими. Перспективою подальших досліджень є розроблення алгоритму та програмного додатка ідентифікації користувачів для надання доступу за QR-кодом в інформаційно-телекомунікаційні системи військового призначення.

Emergence of new technologies and modernization of existing information technologies, development of information and telecommunication processing and storage systems have increase the level of information security, necessitating an increase of information security's effectiveness with the complexity of data storage architecture. Security of information from unauthorized access is an essential measure to prevent material and non-material damage to its owner. So it is very important to take into account the efficiency of the subsystem of access control and data security in order to ensure security of some information system. Accordingly the threat of information leakage has made the means of information security and cyber security one of the mandatory characteristics of information and telecommunication systems and information security has become an integral part of professional function. Under conditions of the hybrid war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine? the number of cyber attacks on military information and telecommunication systems has increased. At the same time their technological complexity has increased too. This process necessitates the improvement of information security systems and the process of providing access to them by using modern types of users identification. Access control is an effective method of information security. It regulates the use of information system resources. User's identification is an important and integral element of access control system. An analysis of modern types of users identification is presented in the paper. The technology of QR-code is considered: the principle of formation, the types of coding, the structure of elements, the advantages of its usage. The interconnection between its components was established. Prospects for further research are the development of an algorithm and software application for user identification to provide access by QR-code to information and telecommunication systems for military purposes. ; Поява нових та модернізація сучасних інформаційних технологій, розвиток інформаційно-телекомунікаційних систем обробки та зберігання інформації зумовили необхідність зростання ефективності захисту інформації разом зі складністю архітектури зберігання даних. Захист інформації від несанкціонованого доступу є вкрай необхідним заходом для запобігання матеріального та нематеріального збитку її власника, тому дуже важливо досліджувати ефективність роботи підсистеми управління доступом та захисту даних задля збереження безпеки певної системи інформаційної інфраструктури. Загроза витоку інформації зробила засоби забезпечення інформаційної та кібербезпеки однією із обов'язкових характеристик інформаційно-телекомунікаційних систем, а захист інформації став невід'ємною складовою професійної діяльності. В умовах гібридної війни Російської Федерації проти України значно збільшилася кількість кібернетичних атак на інформаційно-телекомунікаційні системи військового призначення. Водночас зросла їх технологічна складність. Даний процес обумовлює необхідність удосконалення систем захисту інформації та процесу надання доступу до них з використанням сучасних видів ідентифікації користувачів. Ефективним методом захисту інформації є управління доступом. Він регулює використання ресурсів інформаційних систем. Важливим та невід'ємним елементом системи управління доступом є ідентифікація користувачів. У статті проаналізовано сучасні види ідентифікації користувачів. Розглянуто технологію QR-коду: принцип формування, види кодування, структуру елементів, переваги його використання. Встановлено взаємозв'язок між його складовими. Перспективою подальших досліджень є розроблення алгоритму та програмного додатка ідентифікації користувачів для надання доступу за QR-кодом в інформаційно-телекомунікаційні системи військового призначення.

The purpose of this research is to find a new method for blind and visually impaired people to receive information using Braille codes with QR code technology in publications, which will enable them to use the Internet to obtain diverse information by voice. Information is provided for blind and visually impaired people. This article is one of several parts the researcher presents on methods using linear or binary QR code to provide information (audio books, audio articles, audio stories for children, etc.) for people who have visual impairments. Developing a curriculum for the blind and the visually impaired is a responsibility of governments and civil society organizations. The author believes that the visually impaired have the ability to develop, promote and become more active in their communities if resources for improving their living, education, and health are available to them. ; El objetivo de esta investigación es encontrar un nuevo método para que las personas ciegas y con discapacidad visual reciban información mediante códigos Braille con tecnología de códigos QR en publicaciones, lo que les permitirá utilizar Internet para obtener información diversa por voz. La información se proporciona para ciegos y deficientes visuales. Este artículo es una de varias partes que el investigador presenta sobre métodos que usan código QR lineal o binario para proporcionar información (audiolibros, artículos de audio, historias de audio para niños, etc.) para personas con impedimentos visuales. El desarrollo de un plan de estudios para ciegos y personas con discapacidad visual es responsabilidad de los gobiernos y las organizaciones de la sociedad civil. El autor cree que los discapacitados visuales tienen la capacidad de desarrollar, promover y ser más activos en sus comunidades si se dispone de recursos para mejorar su nivel de vida, educación y salud. ; O objetivo desta pesquisa é encontrar um novo método para pessoas cegas e com deficiência visual receberem informações através de códigos Braille com tecnologia de código QR em publicações, o que lhes permitirá usar a Internet para obter informações diversas por voz. A informação é fornecida para cegos e deficientes visuais. Este artigo é uma das várias partes que o pesquisador apresenta sobre métodos que usam código QR linear ou binário para fornecer informações (audiolivros, artigos de áudio, histórias em áudio para crianças, etc.) para pessoas com deficiência visual. O desenvolvimento de um currículo para cegos e deficientes visuais é de responsabilidade de governos e organizações da sociedade civil. O autor acredita que os deficientes visuais têm a capacidade de desenvolver, promover e ser mais ativos em suas comunidades se houver recursos disponíveis para melhorar o nível de vida, educação e saúde desse grupo.

Web service is one of the methods which is very useful in solving problems in various fields such as from government, education, economics, social, culture. Web services can be defined as methods in exchanging data that can be done without paying attention to where the database is embedded and made in any language. Web services are able to support interoperability, so that the web service is able to become a bridge between various existing systems. STMIK STIKOM INDONESIA is an institution that has used an information system in managing all activities of the academic community within the institution. One of them is the inventory information system, but when doing the overall inventory there was a problem in synchronizing data in the field with the system. It required a long process and took a long time. So that a QR code-based inventory system was developed to simplify and speed up the synchronization process using a web service. The results of the study proved to be able to facilitate and accelerate the performance of staff in synchronizing data in the field with data on the system.

Invitation letters to web surveys often contain information on how long it will take to complete a web survey. When the stated length in an invitation of a survey is short, it could help to convince respondents to participate in the survey. When it is long respondents may choose not to participate, and when the actual length is longer than the stated length there may be a risk of dropout. This paper reports on an Randomised Control Trial (RCT) conducted in a cross-sectional survey conducted in the Netherlands. The RCT included different version of the stated length of a survey and inclusion of a Quick Response (QR) code as ways to communicate to potential respondents that the survey was short or not. Results from the RCT show that there are no effects of the stated length on actual participation in the survey, nor do we find an effect on dropout. We do however find that inclusion of a QR code leads respondents to be more likely to use a smartphone, and find some evidence for a different composition of our respondent sample in terms of age.

This research was aimed 1) to survey the needs, 2) to develop electronic book with QR code technology and interactive exhibition entitled “Media Literacy” for undergraduate students, 3) to examine the quality, 4) to examine the learning achievement and 5) to examine the satisfaction. The tools in this study consisted of needs survey form, electronic book with QR code technology and interactive exhibition entitled “Media Literacy” for undergraduate students, quality evaluation forms for contents and media presentation, learning achievement test, and satisfaction questionnaire. The sampling group in this study consisted of 40 third-year undergraduate students who enrolled in the ETM 314 Professional Experiences in Educational Technology and Mass Communication, Department of Educational Communications and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi in the first semester of the academic year 2019. They were chosen using purposive sampling method. There were 9 experts in contents, media presentation as well as measurement and evaluation. The statistical methods were percentage, mean score, standard deviation and t-test. The research findings showed that the sampling group expressed the highest level of needs ( = 4.68, S.D.= 0.47). The quality evaluation results showed that the quality of the contents was at a very good level ( = 4.73, S.D. = 0.42) and the quality of the media presentation was at a good level ( = 4.42, S.D. = 0.40). The learning achievement test results showed that their average post-test score was higher than their average pre-test score with statistical significance at the .05 level (t-test = 7.23). The sampling group expressed the highest level of satisfaction towards the media ( = 4.68, S.D. = 0.49). Therefore, the developed media could be distributed for further use.

Abstract
Traditionally, mail push-to-web survey invitations contain a URL to allow respondents access to a web survey instrument. Today, a Quick Response (QR) code can be used to provide access to the survey without the need to manually type a URL. Including a QR code could improve survey response rates by increasing interest and reducing the perceived burden of the survey by appealing to smartphone owners and those who primarily rely on a smartphone to access the internet. QR codes may also reduce errors from keying in the survey URL manually. However, not everyone is familiar with or knows how to use QR codes, perhaps making a survey with a QR code seem more burdensome or irrelevant. The inclusion of a second way to access a survey (a QR code in addition to a URL) may also lead to choice paralysis and lower response rates. We present the results of two experiments, one conducted in 2015, prior to more widespread adoption of QR codes, and the other in 2022, after an uptick in QR adoption due to enhancement in smartphone technology and response to the coronavirus pandemic. Each experiment tested the impact of including a QR code on response rates to a mail push-to-web invitation sent to randomly selected US residential addresses. In both 2015 and 2022, we found a slight increase in response rates and the percent of respondents who are Hispanic when the QR code is included, though the 2015 findings were not statistically significant. We did not find evidence of mode choice paralysis when a QR code is presented as an additional access option or that QR codes negatively affect the demographic composition of respondents. The findings underscore the importance of testing and replicating research as adoption of newer technologies evolves.

Problem statement. Drawing on macroeconomic analysis (2011-2019), the author formulates the key problems in the functioning of retail segment of the national payment system: a) differentiation of regions according to the degree of payment infrastructure development; b) disproportion in the availability of trace elements of the payment infrastructure; c) high cost of acquiring services. The underlying scientific hypothesis is the possibility to overcome the above-mentioned problems by introducing retail payments using QR codes. The study examines economic relations arising in calculations using QR codes in Russia's retail payment system. The methodological base of the study includes theoretical assumptions of banking management, as well as a problem-oriented approach. The study identifies a range of economic problems in the implementation of QR settlements in Russia which include: the need to upgrade mobile banking; banks' lack of interest in promoting QR code settlements due to fears of lower transaction returns; a decrease in citizens' interest in cashless payments caused by a contraction in bank loyalty programs; the inertia of entrepreneurs unwilling to switch from cash-based interaction with customers; the inertia of some customers and their lack of financial literacy; cyber threats; risks of unfair behavior of buyers. The author offers and justifies the ways to overcome them. The findings may help improve state regulation in Russia's financial and banking sector.