Suchergebnisse

These in-depth case studies provide novel insights in to the fast-changing language situation in multilingual China, and how it changes the meanings of language identity and language learning. This linguistic ethnographic study of language attitudes and identities in contemporary China in the era of multilingualism provides a comprehensive and critical review of the state of the art in the field of language-attitude research, and situates attitudes towards Chinese regional dialects in their social, historical as well as local contexts. The role of language policies and the links between the interactional phenomena and other contextual factors are investigated through the multi-level analysis of linguistic ethnographic data. This study captures the long-term language socialisation process and the moment-to-moment construction of language attitudes at a level of detail that is rarely seen. The narrative is presented in a highly readable style, without compromising the theoretical sophistication and sociolinguistic complexities..

The purpose of this research is to describe the language attitude of Tolakinese people toward Mekongga dialect. This research applied qualitative approach. The place of this research was carried out in Kolaka District. Techniques of collecting data through interviews, observation, documents. Based on the results of data analysis found that Tolaki ethnic community in Kolaka experiencing relatively negative language attitude toward Mekongga dialect. This was because the speakers of Mekongga dialect began to feel less confident in using the local language. Another thing that caused it is the presence of cross-breeding. A family with parents of different ethnic groups, then it is probable that their children do not master one of the languages of their parents, even each parents' language is not controlled by the child. However, there are actually some speakers who show their caring attitude towards the Tolaki language of Mekongga dialect. It is a positive signal that there is still a Tolakinese of Mekongga dialect community who is affectionate and caring about the local language. But the problem is they have not been able to do something meaningful in order to preserve the local language. The first step they can take is to show a more positive language attitude using Mekongga dialect in daily communication, especially in the family environment, i.e to children, husbands, and wives. In addition to the low language attitudes of the community, this also cannot be separated from the lack of significant government attention to regional languages. This is evidenced by the implementation of local language learning content that is still below the standards, both in terms of teacher availability and teacher competence. It is also in line with the government's policy on naming roads and public facilities that are less aligned to the preservation of the Tolaki-dialect of Mekongga.

Abstract
The number of Lebanese immigrants in the UK has dramatically increased in recent years, motivated by socio-political and economic pressures and in pursuit of academic excellence. This is one of the first studies to explore the attitudes of Lebanese parents and British-Lebanese children towards Arabic (Lebanese Arabic [LA] and Modern Standard Arabic [MSA]) in the UK. The data were collected from semi-structured interviews with 24 parents and 15 children, participant observation and field notes. Results indicate that Lebanese parents and children believe that HL maintenance can foster a sense of Lebaneseness, and help children access the highly valued socio-cultural significance of LA. MSA is regarded in high esteem, but Muslim children appreciate MSA more for its "pride" value than for instrumental "profit" purposes. This illustrates that the notions of "pride" and "profit" are not clear-cut in a linguistic market where multilingualism is undervalued and European foreign languages outweigh Arabic varieties, even MSA despite its global significance. For HL speakers, the "pride" value of the HL in family, culture and religion may outweigh both profit incentives and hegemonic language ideologies.

In the November 1988 elections, three states—Colorado, Arizona, and Florida—passed measures making English the official language of those states. These victories were foreshadowed by the passage, in 1986, of Position 63 in California. Proposition 63 amended the state constitution to declare English the official language of California and charged the legislature and state officials with the preservation and enhancement of English as the common language of the state. The appearance of Proposition 63 on the political horizon brought language into public parlance, allowing us the opportunity to explore American language ideology. Preelection editorials and letters to the editor in California newspapers speculating on the need for and effects of Proposition 63 reveal the language attitudes of the writers. Certain themes that regularly appeared on both sides of the issue may be taken as elements of current American ideology.

In May 1997, a matched guise test was conducted on 304 college students in Hong Kong, Beijing, and Guangzhou.
The stimulus material was presented in 4 guises: Cantonese, English, Putonghua, and Putonghua with Cantonese accent.
Major findings: (1) What distinguished Hong Kong subjects' sociolinguistic identity was not Cantonese, English
or Putonghua as found in previous studies, but Putonghua with Cantonese accent. In light of Brewer's (1991)
optimal distinctiveness theory, this would suggest parallel needs of "being Chinese" and "being
Hongkongers." (2) Guangzhou was closer to Beijing rather than to Hong Kong in language attitudes. The cutting
boundary appeared between the mainland and Hong Kong, not between Cantonese-speaking and non-Cantonese-speaking
communities.

In the Nov 1988 elections, three states -- Colo, Ariz, & Fla -- passed measures making English the official state language. These victories were foreshadowed by the passage in 1986 of Proposition 63 in Calif, which amended the state constitution to declare English the official language of Calif & charged the legislature & state officials with the preservation & enhancement of English as the common language. Here, preelection editorials & letters to the editor in Calif newspapers speculating on the need for & effects of Proposition 63 are reviewed to determine the language attitudes of the writers. Certain themes that regularly appeared on both sides of the issue may be taken as elements of current US ideology. Modified HA

In this paper, we report on data obtained from interviews with 28 deaf signers and three hearing teachers of deaf pupils regarding their experiences with and attitudes towards deaf education and Serbian Sign Language (SZJ). Following transcription of the data, we conducted thematic analyses of the deaf informants' and teachers' comments. Data, which indicate that a change in language attitudes among deaf people has taken place compared to the oralist ideology still prevalent among teachers, are considered within a broader historical context by giving the first account of SZJ, its place in education and its history. In the light of the results, we highlight the importance of teacher training for promoting a cultural-linguistic minority perspective in deaf education in Serbia that would allow for deafness to be viewed as human diversity rather than disability.

In language planning for minority languages, policy often aims to positively influence attitudes towards the language by increasing its salience in key areas of public life such as broadcasting and signage. This is true for Gaelic in Scotland, where recent national initiatives have included the establishing of a Gaelic language television channel in 2008, and the launch, in the same year, of a bilingual brand identity for ScotRail (Rèile na h-Alba), resulting in Gaelic-English signage at railway stations across Scotland. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on the effects of such an increase in national visibility of Gaelic on public attitudes towards the language. The present paper explores this using a national survey of public attitudes conducted in Scotland in 2012. Exposure to Gaelic broadcasting was found to be positively associated with attitudes towards the status of the Gaelic language (as a language spoken in Scotland, and as an important element of cultural heritage), and with attitudes towards the greater use of Gaelic (in public services and in the future). However, exposure to Gaelic signage was often negatively associated with such broader attitudes to the language and culture. The implications of the results for Gaelic language planning, and for future academic studies of language attitudes in Scotland, are explored.The authors acknowledge the support of the funders of the research – the ESRC (Grant number ES/J003352/1), the Scottish Government, Bòrd na Gàidhlig, and Soillse.

Abstract
Our paper investigates the relationship between language attitudes and practices in Tunisia, particularly in the two mainly rural governorates of Siliana and Jendouba situated in Northwestern Tunisia. The data that underlie our analysis were gathered in 43 qualitative interviews and through participant observation during fieldwork in spring and summer 2019, and by methodical inquiry into salient linguistic features. First, speakers' attitudes towards and their evaluation of (1) their own local dialect and (2) the dialect of the capital Tunis reveal that the capital Tunis and coastal towns such as Sousse are perceived as urban and advanced – in education as well as in lifestyle – whereas the central and north-western regions of Tunisia are perceived as rural and culturally backward. We show how speakers apply social meanings to certain linguistic variables such as the use of the urban [q] that is considered as fīnu 'genteel, refined' in contrast to the rural [g]. Others, though also clearly urban features, are not equally charged with stereotypes, among them the adoption of the urban personal pronoun of the 1st person sg. ǟna. Second, the impact these evaluations have on speech patterns and consequently on intra-dialectal levelling processes and language change is analysed and its patterns described. We show that language ideologies and attitudes are determined by the intersection of age, gender and level of education, and that young, educated women with a rural background are among the first to adopt urban features. As women in Siliana and Jendouba are expected to act more fīnu than their male peers, they are more inclined to adopt the [q]. The situation of the personal pronoun of the 1st person sg., the plural of III-weak verbs and the loss of gender distinction in verbs, however, is less clear.