Suchergebnisse

Contested Urban Green Spaces and the Question of Environmental Justice. Examples from Northern Europe -- A nearby Park or Forest can become Mount Everest Access to Urban Green Areas by People in Wheelchair from an Environmental Justice Perspective. A Stockholm case -- Not my Green Space? White Attitudes towards Black Presence in UK Green Spaces. An auto-ethnography -- Environmental Justice in the Post-Socialist City. The case of Riga, Latvia -- Private Events in a Public Park: Contested Music Festivals and Environmental Justice in Finsbury Park, London.

Against the backdrop of an accelerating global urbanization and related ecological, climatic or social challenges to urban sustainability, this book focuses on the access to "safe, inclusive and accessible green and public space" as outlined in United Nations Sustainable Development Goal No. 11. Looking through the lens of environmental justice and contested urban spaces, it raises the question who ultimately benefits from a green city development, and even more importantly who does not. While green space benefits are well-documented, green space provision is faced by multiple challenges in an era of urban neoliberalism. With their interdisciplinary and multi-method approach, the chapters in this book carefully study the different dimensions of green space access with particular focus on vulnerable groups, critically evaluate cases of procedural injustice and, in the case of Northern Europe that is often seen as forerunner of urban sustainability, provide in-depth studies on the contexts of injustices in urban greening. Chapters 1, 5, and 6 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Now in its second volume, this book provides an overview of physical and social environmental challenges that the planet is facing and presents solutions. It will stimulate discussions within the design profession and will be of great interest to students and practitioners of environmental studies, architecture, and urban design.

In the context of urban densification and central urban areas' lack of open spaces, new forms of small-scale urban gardening practices have emerged. These gardening practices respond to urban pressures and open new modes of green space governance, presenting alternative and multifunctional ways to manage and revitalise cities. Focusing on the case of Geneva, the article unfolds two levels of discussion. On the one hand—and with reference to the theorist Habermas—it examines how multiple actors with different interests interplay and cooperate with each other in order to negotiate over open space, while discussing implications for local politics and planning. On the other hand, it describes how these negotiations result in new, innovative, and hybrid forms of public green space. The main findings indicate emerging forms of collaboration, partnerships, and governance patterns that involve public and private sectors and increase participation by civil society actors. Cooperation amongst several interested groups and the collective re-invention of public urban spaces increase these spaces' accessibility for multiple users and actors, as well as present possibilities for alternative and diversified uses and activities. This might underline the hypothesis that future cities will be governed in less formalised ways, and that urban forms will be created through spontaneous, temporary, mobile, and adaptive negotiation processes.

Various spatial indices have been used by scholars to evaluate the built environment of towns. However, previous analysis has fallen short in systematically addressing the distribution of green space in future town planning. This paper fills the gap by integrating green space indices in an expanded urban intensity framework and comparing existing conditions (2018) and future planning schemes (2030) of eleven towns in Zhejiang Province, China. In this paper, we computed spatial indices in ARCGIS and FRAGSTATS, used correlation analysis in STATA for statistical analysis, and adopted demographic, economic, and environmental variables to validate the selected indices. The results show that: (1) The future planning schemes can result in either reduction of green spaces in town centers or uneven distribution of green spaces; (2) Validation of green space indicators reveals observable association with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), which implies that the chosen framework can effectively reflect the condition of greenery; and (3) The regulatory detailed planning does not always improve the future spatial layout of towns, especially after considering green space distributions. These findings emphasize the importance of suitable spatial layouts of green spaces over large monolithic blocks for effective planning. Moreover, achieving optimal urban intensity necessitates a balanced distribution of the built and green spaces. Finally, the integration of green space factors and the adoption of a comprehensive approach, as highlighted in this study, can serve as a valuable guide for town planners and policymakers in different jurisdictions to achieve more desirable spatial layouts.

Name Inclusive Spaces Provider Groundwork Summary The national community charity's Young Green Ambassadors network developed an awareness week that promoted equal access to green spaces

A number of recent studies have examined the socioeconomic functions and side effects of environmental amenity in urban development. In this study, an urban green space is viewed as both a positive and negative environmental externality because it could be a potential contributor to gentrification. Employing the difference-in-differences method at the public use microdata areas and census-tract level, this study examines the effects of new green space characteristics on multiple gentrification indicators in New York City. Unlike previous studies, we examine the causal inference of multiple green space types and characteristics on gentrification indicators jointly, estimating a relatively short- and mid-term gentrification effect in a homogeneous institutional and geographical setting. The empirical results indicate that newly added green spaces potentially foster gentrification, influencing the replacement of the poor with wealthier inhabitants; more importantly, the gentrification effects differ depending on the type and characteristics of green spaces. A strong green gentrification effect has been observed in passive, natural and medium-sized green spaces. Taking these short-term and local-level gentrification effects of green space characteristics into consideration allows for more inclusive development and equitable outcomes.