Suchergebnisse

The structure of the milk supply market depends on processing capacities in Serbia, which are more oriented to the production of dairy products pasteurized and sterilized milk and fermented dairy products (yoghurt, cream, sour milk, etc.), while the production of solid dairy products (cheeses, cream, spreads, butter, powdered milk, etc.) is significantly lower. Taking into consideration the current situation in Serbia regarding the primary production, purchase and processing of milk, an overview is given of the foreign trade balance of milk and dairy products and their participation in exports and imports. The analysis of the foreign trade of milk and dairy products for the period 2007- 2017 highlights products that are exported and have stable export tendencies, as well as scarce products which are imported and have a markedly negative balance sheet in the observed period. We also analyzed major export-import destinations of Serbia for the trade exchange of milk and dairy products, which primarily refers to the CEFTA countries, the European Union and the Russian Federation.

DDI as a Common Format for Export and Import for Statistical Packages

This paper investigates the existence of seasonal patterns in the quarterly merchandise export and import data of Pakistan from 1982:1 to 2002:1. Unit root tests are applied to determine whether the seasonal component in each variable exhibits stochastic non-stationarity. Deterministic and stochastic effects are isolated and quantified. Few alternate DGP specifications are identified, fitted and tested for their outof- sample forecasting performance. A tentative finding is that deterministic effects are relatively more important than stochastic ones. However, integrated models, i.e., ARIMA, mixed ARIMA, and ARIMA-GARCH, outperform deterministic models with respect to forecasting.

The world trade system appears to gravitate toward trade blocks. While the European Union (EU) is by far the largest trade block in Europe, the subject of this research is focused on another European block, the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), with the member states of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland. Unlike the EU, the EFTA countries can enter into Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) individually, with another country, whenever they choose. The world's largest increasing trading house over the last two decades is China, but it has not yet signed an FTA with the EU. However, China has a bilateral agreement with both Iceland and Switzerland. The methodology of this research involves using the STATA program for statistical regression estimation of simultaneous equation system since it estimates the interaction between the trade going between the countries. This allows for considering substitution or complementary effects between the goods flowing back and forth between the countries. The methodology is based on the means of the gravity model. This research aims to answer the following question: is it beneficial for small countries such as Iceland and Switzerland to have a bilateral agreement with China? This research focuses on estimating trade flows, in US dollars, between China and Iceland on the one hand and between China and Switzerland on the other. Results from regression analysis indicate that when accounting for the FTAs, import to Iceland from China positively affects exports from Iceland to China, but not the other way around. However, estimates for trade between Switzerland and China show the reverse of this to be true. When presenting and analyzing literature and economic studies in the field, selection data and presenting the threestage regression result, accounting for the Free Trade Agreements with China, our conclusion is the following: The trade relation of China with the two small European countries of Iceland and Switzerland has developed such that in 2014 the Free Trade ...

This paper focuses on import and export of goods of the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic is very open country in European Union. Ratio of import and export of goods and services to GDP is above European Union average. The goal is to find explanatory variables, which have an influence on import and export of goods and to build robust and economically interpretable models. Models are created by cointegration analysis. The advantage of cointegration analysis and error correction models is avoiding spurious regression and differentiation of short-term and long-term relations. There will be used ARDL approach for building models.