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As alternatives to conventional vehicles, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) running off electricity stored in batteries could decrease oil consumption and reduce carbon emissions. By using electricity derived from clean energy sources, even greater environmental benefits are obtainable. This study examines the potential benefits arising from the widespread adoption of PHEVs in light of Alberta's growing interest in wind power. It also investigates PHEVs' capacity to mitigate natural fluctuations in wind power generation.

Distributed generation describes the connection of electricity generation close to the point of use, often directly to the distribution system [5]. Many electrical utilities are facilitating the connection of more distributed generation to replace or supplement centralized generation as a result of political, environmental, or economic pressures. There can be significant environmental and economic advantages related to connecting distributed energy resources; however, successful connections require that utilities overcome several engineering challenges. Distributed generation can impact electrical power systems in multiple areas including power flow direction and magnitude, voltage regulation, protection, and power quality. These impacts vary depending on the characteristics of the generator and the system it is connecting to. Despite these impacts, coordinated connection of distributed generation has the potential to improve electric system reliability and power quality, and reduce peak power requirements and land-use [6]. Centralized generation is often connected to long transmission networks which incur considerable line losses. These transmission networks require significant investment to build and maintain. Connecting generation closer to the customer can reduce line losses. Allowing customers to connect generation can reduce the financial burden on utilities to build and maintain these facilities. 2 This report will focus on the engineering challenges in connecting generation to radial distribution feeders, and is organized as follows: Impacts of Distributed Generation, Level of Impact by Generator and System Characteristics, and Conclusions. ; Applied Science, Faculty of ; Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of ; Unreviewed ; Undergraduate

Greece, as member of the European Union follows the European policies regarding compliance with the Kyoto Protocol, as expressed by the directive of 2001/77/CE on the promotion of Renewable Energy Sources [1]. The state target of Greece is 20.1% penetration in Electricity production amounting to 14.5 TWh per year [2]. Greece is a country with many dispersed islands where favorable conditions for exploiting RES exist and the installation of RES can contribute to a more economic operation of these power systems In this paper, the legal and financial framework for investing and operating RES on Greek islands, the current and prospective level of installations, the benefits from their installation and the barriers for further development are described. © 2006 IEEE.

The existing power distribution system of the city of Goma in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has many problems, including the scarcity of electric energy, power unreliability, the low access rate of electrification, poor flexibility in the network topology, and lack of demand response, which lead to shedding of load, unbalancing and overloading the system. The reliability of the Goma power distribution system is very poor by international standards. The major cause of this is the lack of adequate energy supply to meet demand. To mitigate the power reliability problem, a solar-based distributed generation (DG) is modelled and evaluated in this study. Each feeder has been considered separately with an appropriately designed DG. The work has evaluated initial investment cost and life cycle cost of the investment to assess the feasibility of the proposed solution. Based on the unserved energy and electricity tariff, an economic analysis was conducted. The reliability indices are computed and the modelled solution is designed for each feeder in PV syst software and simulated using ETAP, whose simulation results show that the reliability can be improved by up to 76%.

International audience ; This paper quantifies the increased green house gas emissions and negative effect on energy conservation (or "efficiency penalty") due to electric rate structures that employ an unavoidable customer charge. First the extent of customer charges was determined from a nationwide survey of U.S. electric tariffs. To eliminate the customer charge nationally while maintaining a fixed sum for electric companies for a given amount of electricity, an increase of 7.12% in the residential electrical rate was found to be necessary. If enacted, this increase in the electric rate would result in a 6.4% reduction in overall electricity consumption, conserving 73 billion kW-hrs, eliminating 44.3 million metric tons of carbon dioxide, and saving the entire U.S. residential sector over $8 billion per year. As shown here, these reductions would come from increased avoidable costs thus leveraging an increased rate of return on investments in energy efficiency, energy conservation behavior, distributed energy generation, and fuel choices. Finally, limitations of this study and analysis are discussed and conclusions are drawn for proposed energy policy changes.