Suchergebnisse

This study investigates the effect of direct political connection on the firm value of Malaysia's top richest tycoon companies. We hypothesize that the wealthiest people are likely to hedge their political bets and are poorly related to direct political connections, which in turn conceal the direct political effect on firm value. The empirical evidence provides credence to this idea; in cases where the majority of the shares are controlled by "peripheral capitalism," only government ownership has a positive and highly significant effect on the financial value of a firm. Meanwhile, the presence of politicians on board has a negative and low significant effect on the financial value of a firm. Results suggest the possibility of an indirect political connection among Malaysia's top richest tycoon companies; the results also fit into the ongoing debate on estimating the value of political connection.

The article deals with the integration of the former socialist countries into the system of global economic transactions. The most important features and trends of this process during the last three decades are identified. The author makes a comparison between the foreign economic policy within the planned economy and that within the market economy. On the basic of this comparison two elements of market reforms (internal and external) are defined. The external element is considered as the integration into the world economic connections. The basic topic is the reform of foreign economic policy during the stage of transformation which began at the end of 1980th (in China at the end of 1970th). The author focuses on two indicators: international trade and foreign direct investments. The different groups of countries such as CIS, Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, China and Russia are considered. Dynamics of volumes of the international trade and foreign direct investments are analyzed and compared. The research covers practically the whole period of market reforms (until 2012). For identification of some trends the author considers and compares the data relating to 1993 (beginning of market reform period in most countries), 2000 and 2012. At the end a general assessment of the current positions of the former socialistic countries is proposed. The author identifies the key trends and gives explanations of them. The most important conclusion is that only China has become the important "global player". Other former socialist countries still have major deficits that have to be overcome.

This article describes the complex relationship between exportation & foreign direct investment (FDI). Distinction is also made between FDI determined by sales opportunities & by cost-cutting opportunities, especially in connection with the New Member States (NMS). Furthermore, the Belgian FDI into the NMS is discussed. The article also examines the role of FDI in furthering the economic growth & development of the NMS & lists the FDI's advantages & disadvantages for the NMS. Additionally, the EU eastern expansion has mainly generated a positive result for Belgian businesses. The article also mentions a trend that the current industrial states would become less industrial, by just maintaining concept, design & R&D of products, while outsourcing the rest of the production process, including business services. In conclusion, a tentative roadmap for Belgian companies is drawn up in order to face the economic challenges of the expansion & to determine which government measures need to be taken to boost the Belgian companies' performances. 2 Tables, 33 References. A. Michaux

In an effort to raise civic awareness among SU students by encouraging volunteerism throughout their college career, I examined and defined four elements of community in the city of Syracuse: arts and entertainment, politics and government, youth and education, and homes and neighborhoods. I then utilized my Television-Radio-Film training to write, produce, direct, and edit four public service announcements (PSAs) in an integrated campaign titled The Connection is YOU. Each three-minute PSA illustrated a different element through a local organization—respectively, The Redhouse, Onondaga County Board of Elections,SouthwestCommunity Center, andWestcottCommunity Center. The PSAs are slated for distribution through Orange Television Network and UU Cinema starting in Fall 2005. Robert D. Putnam's book Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community powerfully influenced my work by introducing me to the concept of social capital, which is the core idea that social networks have value, and that civic virtue is most powerful when embedded in a dense network of reciprocal social relations. By teaching students now where and how to connect with a community, I ensure that upon their graduation, they have the knowledge and experience to engage fully in the communities where they will live and work. The Connection is YOU campaign is a digital video project shot on Mini DV and DV-CAM equipment, edited with Final Cut Pro and Adobe After Effects programs, and recorded on DVD for highest quality resolution.

The "new, new trade theory" argues that firm-specific attributes such as size explain why large firms predominantly engage in foreign direct investment (FDI) and thus reap most of the rewards of globalization. However, studies have neglected the importance of firms' political influence over core financial institutions. I argue that large firms engage in greater FDI in part because of their political connections, which allow them to receive government loans in support of FDI. Using a unique, hand-coded dataset that includes 4936 directors of South Korean firms and these firms' FDI announcements, I show that firms that place elite financial officials on their boards engage in greater FDI than firms without such board-member connections. Therefore, the outsized gains that large firms receive from globalization are dependent on their political ties to their home government.

AbstractSociological and anthropological studies of kinship have examined adoption as a test case for understanding the complex combinations of biological and social ties that constitute kinship. Adoption sets up an 'adoption kinship network' between birth family and adoptive family members. Contact after adoption poses challenges for adoptive families and birth relatives in negotiating changing kinship ties. This paper examines the experience of post‐adoption direct sibling contact from the perspectives of adoptive parents and birth relatives, including adult siblings. Interviews were carried out with 51 adoptive parents, four long‐term foster carers and with 39 birth relatives. The analysis revealed the complex multiple family networks that exist between adoptive families and the families of the adopted child's birth siblings. These networks connect some siblings, but sever connections with others. Where direct contact occurs, infrequent meetings mean that regular, repeated interactions normally considered to constitute 'family practices' are absent, in some cases creating barriers to feelings of kinship. Implications for adoption and contact support services are discussed.

This thesis examines the concepts of direct democracy, which is defined as direct rule of the people, removing the necessity for elected representative. A review of the literature on the concepts shows that direct democracy enjoys broad appeal with writers such as Benjamin Barber, John Stewart Mill, Thomas Cronin and James Fishkin. Yet, it has been thought that direct democracy is not practical where the population, exceeds a few thousand, or is spread over a vast region. Other concerns have been expressed in the area of the ability of the average citizen to understand and render a judgement on complex issues. Looking specifically at Canada's potential for overcoming the problems associated with direct democracy, two questions are considered. First, does the potential for direct democracy increase with a proportional increase in level of education of the electorate and the availability of the Internet communications technology? Second, what difference might direct democracy make to the sagging levels of conventional political participation in Canada? The thesis addresses voter apathy, it looks at the connections between education and politics, as well as the connections between communications technology and politics. After examining if the conditions necessary to direct democracy in Canada exist, this work focuses on what Cronin refers to as the tools of democracy. Recall, referenda and initiative are the tools considered. British Columbia experience with recall and initiative is also considered. The author concludes that the high level of education and the advent of Internet communication in Canada make it possible and plausible to consider the implementation of a system of governance that provides a greater degree of direct democracy. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-03, page: 0599. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2000.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the construct of social intra-organizational connection (SIC). This construct reflects the extent to which a focal actor believes his alters present behaviors of social inclusion in relation to himself. This assessment compares the ego's expectations of being included and the behavior of inclusion performed by those alters with whom the actor has more frequent interactions. The effects of this construct are tested in the organizational domain regarding the intention to leave, in the domain of co-workers regarding cooperation and in the family domain regarding work–family conflict.


Design/methodology/approach
The survey data were collected from 380 Brazilian workers.


Findings
The results confirmed the effects of SIC in the relational domain of the organization through the variation in the focal actor's intention to leave. In the sphere of coworkers, the effects of SIC were found in the variation of the degree of cooperation. In the family sphere, SIC had an influence upon the intensity of the work–family conflict.


Originality/value
The research indicates that the behavior of making direct contacts and more frequent interactions by the focal actor extends to other relational spheres through the transitions of the organizational member between the domains of organization, coworkers and family. This paper draws attention to the need to consider the local networks, both within and beyond the organization, and their effects on each other.

Objective: The objective of the article is to examine the importance of absorptive capacity in the relationship between foreign direct investment and economic performance in 63 Vietnamese provinces from 2007 to 2015. Research Design & Methods: The absorptive capacity at provincial level includes six components tested by confirmatory factor analysis, which allows for the argument that absorptive capacity of domestic firms is an important component of absorptive capacity of provinces. Besides this one, there are five other components, including financial development, human capital, the level of openness, the absorptive capacity of domestic firms, institutions, and infrastructure. The generalized two-stages least squares (G2SLS) random effect with instrumental variables regression is used with panel data. Findings: Firstly, foreign direct investment has a positive impact on the development of the 63 provinces in Vietnam. Secondly, among the six components, the four most important ones are infrastructure, the level of openness, human capital, and the absorptive capacity of domestic firms. Moreover, the article finds that foreign direct investment can bring negative impacts to provinces with a low level of trade openness. Implications & Recommendations: The government should focus on infrastructure, trading policy, human capital and capability of domestic firms. Contribution & Value Added: There is a lack of connection between absorptive capacity at the firm level and the macro level. Therefore, this article attempts to create this connection by constructing absorptive capacity at the firm level as a component of absorptive capacity at the provincial level. © 2020, Cracow University of Economics. All rights reserved. ; [IGA/FaME/2018/019 FDI]

Southeast Asia was known to the classical Islamic world as a region of trade and burgeoning local Muslim communities from the earliest decades of the Islamic era. By the 16th century direct diplomatic connections were established between the local communities and the Ottoman Caliphate and this significant historical relationship is crucial for understanding the dynamics between the Western and Eastern Islamic worlds. Relations persisted until the First World War, after which the Republic of Türkiye emerged as the successor to the Ottoman Empire and interactions were more limited until Malaysia's independence in 1957, after which a new phase of relations began, and by the 1990s, the relationship between Malaysia and Türkiye had rebounded. This study aims to explore the historical and contemporary relations between Turks and Malays based on primary sources, including Ottoman and Turkish archives, as well as Bahasa Melayu and English materials.

Examines how the locational choice of foreign direct investment (FDI) is influenced by regional characteristics in mainland China, such as the potential for market share extension, labour cost differences, allocative efficiency, transportation infrastructure, and research and development capability. Empirical testing is conducted by the conditional logit model using pooled cross‐section and time‐series data. Empirical findings for the 1987‐1991 period indicate that the variable for market share extension potential only affects FDI in the middle region. Surprisingly, labour cost differences do not affect the location of FDI. Interregional railroad connections are found to be positively related to the choice of location of FDI, but FDI may not necessarily locate near innovative Chinese industries.

Abstract

Objective: The main objective of this paper is to reveal the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and human capital.

Methodology: The analysis consists in a presentation of main achievements in the literature regarding the contribution of human capital to the attraction of FDI.

Findings: The investment in human capital formation has leaded to the increase of labour productivity. This will ultimately result in economic growth. Education has the most important role in the process of human capital formation.

Value added: FDI has an important role to play in human resource development through its ability to enhance new skills, information and technologies in multinational enterprises. In this way, FDI becomes a determinant factor for education and professional training, because it is the link between the immediate reality based on creation, introduction of new skills, new technologies and provision of a wide range of information and initial training direction.

Recommendations: The economic policies should focus on the attraction of FDI that ensures the improvement of human capital quality. On the other hand, the education policies should focus on a better connection of the human resources to the requirements of the labour market and to offer acknowledge and practice that will help the graduates to correspond to the expectations of foreign investors.

In 2002, an amendment to UK parliamentary regulations removed restrictions on the participation of Members of Parliament (MPs) in parliamentary proceedings related to their corporate interests. Using this amendment, we demonstrate higher equity returns for FTSE 350 firms connected to an MP due to the increase in the expected value of political access. Following the amendment, MPs with corporate connections are more likely to be members of parliamentary select and joint committees where legislative bills are drafted. They also attend more committee meetings relative to MPs without corporate connections. Firms react to the increased value of direct political access by rebalancing their political activities. We demonstrate that firms shift board appointments towards sitting MPs, away from other politicians, and reduce their political donations. The benefits of higher political access are greater for firms with family ownership and lower accounting transparency.