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Aligning National Approaches to Digital Preservation: An Action Assembly Biblioteca de Catalunya (National Library of Catalonia) November 18-20, 2013, Barcelona, Spain ; Auburn University ; Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) ; Digital Curation Centre (DCC) ; Digital Preservation Network (DPN) ; Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) ; University of North Texas ; Virginia Tech ; Interuniversity Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) ; Innovative Interfaces ; Oracle ; Greendata ; Libnova ; Northeast Document Conservation Center (NEDCC) ; Open Planets Foundation (OPF) ; Springer ; The Aligning National Approaches to Digital Preservation (ANADP) II Action Assembly will align digital preservation efforts internationally between communitiesincluding national libraries, academic libraries, public libraries, research centers, archives, corporations, and funding agencies. ANADP II will be a highly participatory event in which stakeholders will engage in facilitated discussions and action sessions to produce a set of concrete outcomes for the extended digital preservation community in three areas: Community Alignment, Resource Alignment, and Capacity Alignment. These specific action outcomes will include an international tools/services registry, a framework for applying OAIS to Distributed Digital Preservation methodologies, a catalogue of education and training opportunities, and quantitative data gathering around digital preservation costs. history ANADP II will build on a strong foundation. The ANADP community first gathered in Estonia in 2011 with delegates from more than 20 nations to explore a series of targeted opportunities to align efforts in digital preservation. The outcome of that first event, the Aligning National Approaches to Digital Preservation volume, documented some of the most promising areas for future collaborative engagements between national and international digital preservation efforts (the volume is this years winner of the Society of American Archivists Preservation Publication award). Additional work in aligning international digital preservation efforts took place at the ANADP workshops hosted in Singapore (iPRES 2012) and Amsterdam (IDCC 2012). The Action Assembly ANADP II differs in intent and structure from other digital preservation conferences and meetings. Its primary purpose is not to encourage information sharing, but rather to foster and support sustained global networks of influence and action. Alignment in this context is a lightweight mechanism for cooperation. Alignments are formed around small or modular problems that are directly related to the participants own specific needs and interests. ANADP II will be easy to get involved with, participate in, or define new activities within. The ANADP II Action Assembly will consist of four components. Panel Discussions: Attendees will engage actively with panelists in conversations around three broad alignment themes: Community Alignment, Resource Alignment, and Capacity Alignment. Action Sessions: Attendees will participate in action sessions that demonstrate the powerful impact a concentrated alliance can have. There will be two tracks around each alignment theme, and attendees will select the track to/from which they feel they have the most to contribute/learn. Funder Presentations: Attendees will hear from representatives of funding groups that are interested in supporting cross-national digital preservation projects. Patio Perspectives: Attendees will help to identify and develop new alignment projects that those participating in this international event can pursue together. The purpose of ANADP II is to encourage collaboration among existing organizations and demonstrate what can be achieved through these informal alliances. ANADP II will foster a stronger international community of engagement and practice.

The fight against terrorism is constantly in the news, and NATO has committed to the mission of counterterrorism as a central role of the alliance. This is a mission which requires the maximum cooperation of all NATO members and partners, and the sharing of knowledge and expertise is crucial to its success. This book presents the proceedings of the NATO Centre of Excellence - Defence against Terrorism (COE-DAT) Advanced Training Course 'Capacity Building in the Fight against Terrorism', held in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan in June 2012. The presentations were delivered by 11 expert practitioners and ac

As part of Uganda's commitment to the Sustainable Development Agenda, the country has made substantial progress toward improved national development data—including the launch of a Development Data Hub supported by Development Initiatives and a review of open data readiness jointly undertaken by the government and the World Bank. Uganda however, lacks an organized framework for collecting and sharing reliable and comparable data on philanthropy. As such, the newly established Uganda National Philanthropy Forum (UPF) represents a key mechanism for the sector to consolidate its e orts and hone its contributions to national development. The forum was established in October 2015, facilitated by the East Africa Association of Grantmakers (EAAG), in partnership with Independent Development Fund (IDF), Development Network of Indigenous Voluntary Associations (DENIVA) and GoBig Hub. Its objective is to explore strategies for consolidating and organizing the philanthropy sector in Uganda.As a follow up to the UPF agenda on advancing philanthropy data in Uganda, EAAG and the Foundation Center in partnership with IDF and DENIVA hosted a Data Scoping Meeting on October 25th 2016. The objective of the meeting was to explore opportunities to strengthen data sharing and management to enhance the sector's coordination and in uence on national development policy. The meeting brought together 35 foundations, trusts and other local philanthropy organizations.

Objective of the Study: This paper explores whether and to what degree incumbent firms innovate in response to competition from the sharing economy.Methodology/Approach: Data on incumbents' actions related to the sharing economy between 2011 and 2015 was collected from multiple resources. Two conceptual frameworks, the OECD Oslo Manual and Pisano's Innovation Landscape Map, were jointly used to determine whether incumbents' actions could be considered as innovation and their level of innovativeness.Originality/Relevance: As the sharing economy has grown rapidly in the last decade, offering new ways to create value, so has the discourse about its disruptive capacity. Yet, not enough is known about the sharing economy's impact on incumbent firms beyond the disruptive capacity narrative.Main Results: The study identified 187 actions related to the sharing economy that were taken by 134 incumbent firms between 2011 and 2015. Less than half of these actions are considered innovative, and the majority among them are at the lowest end of the innovation continuum.Theoretical/Methodological Contribution: This study contributes to the literature on the sharing economy by developing a synthesized innovation-based framework to evaluate incumbent firms' response to sharing economy entrants.Social/management contributions: The results of this study and the methodology it uses provide benchmarking opportunities for incumbents in similar circumstances, and also puts into question the disruptive narrative around the sharing economy.

Awareness of the value of data in achieving important social and development goals has been increasing in Ghana in recent years. In 2011, Ghana signed the Open Government Partnership (OGP), a multilateral initiative with aims to secure commitments from governments to promote transparency, fight corruption and harness data and new technology to strengthen governance. The government also created the National Information and Technology Agency (NITA) in 2011 to develop and manage an open government data portal as part of a movement to make government data more available. Over the last few years, NITA has been working towards setting up repositories and portals of government data.Because existing data initiatives are largely driven by the government, they usually do not take into account data from or about civil society actors. In particular, Ghana lacks a dedicated platform and framework for collecting, sharing, and analyzing data on philanthropy. With this in mind and to address this issue, Foundation Center, in collaboration with SDG Philanthropy Platform and African Philanthropy Network, co-convened a data scoping meeting on October 4, 2017 in Accra. The specific objectives of the data scoping meeting were to:1. Understand the value and opportunities for advancing the philanthropy data agenda in Ghana.2. Establish common principles for collaborative data and knowledge management.3. Identify key data and knowledge challenges and needs.4. Explore existing technologies for collecting and sharing data and knowledge.5. Set local data and knowledge goals and priorities.This report summarizes the outcomes of the data scoping meeting, including highlights from the discussions and key recommendations.

We address the incidence and correlates of mutual veto institutions by examining a global dataset on power-sharing provisions. Our data show that mutual veto provisions are relatively rare and found mostly in diverse societies that are more highly developed than the world average. We find that mutual veto arrangements must be (a) enforceable, (b) inclusive to pacify all potential spoilers and (c) compatible with the interests and incentives of those groups to which they would apply. Mutual veto provisions often fail to meet one or more of these conditions. They are difficult to enforce, as conflict-prone societies often have ineffectual political institutions and weak administrative capacity. It is difficult to make them incentive-compatible, as incumbent power-holders will not benefit from them. Finally, they are often not credible, as the dominant political coalition would find it in its interest to punish any actual exercise of a veto. These conditions jointly explain the near absence of effective mutual veto regimes outside relatively prosperous polities with well-established political institutions.

AbstractThis paper addresses conflicts between two groups when trying to win a group-specific public good prize. We analyze how these contests are affected when groups are led by an organizer with the capacity to impose transfers to share the costs of individual efforts within the group. The technology of conflict that we use is the

Equalising transfers from central governments to subnational governments are features of the fiscal arrangements of many federations. It is argued that these transfers are necessary complements to systems of interpersonal redistribution. They facilitate the process of decentralisation by enabling subnational jurisdictions to exercise their autonomy in ways that do not detract from national objectives of equity and efficiency. This is because decentralisation inevitably results in subnational jurisdictions taking on tasks that have consequences for the attainment of these objectives, and it also results in different jurisdictions having differing fiscal capacity to deliver the services assigned to them. The benefits and costs of fiscal decentralisation are summarised. Properly designed fiscal sharing schemes enable the benefits of decentralisation to be achieved without incurring all the costs. Some of the features of fiscal sharing schemes that might accomplish this are outlined.

Extent to which the U.S. has been carrying, relative to national economic capacity, its fair share of the military and economic burden. Historic record and present situation.

Equalizing transfers from central governments to subnational governments are features of the fiscal arrangements of many federations. It is argued that these transfers are necessary complements to systems of interpersonal redistribution. They facilitate the process of decentralization by enabling subnational jurisdictions to exercise their autonomy in ways that do not detract from national objectives of equity & efficiency. This is because decentralization inevitably results in subnational jurisdictions taking on tasks that have consequences for the attainment of these objectives, & it also results in different jurisdictions having differing fiscal capacity to deliver the services assigned to them. The benefits & costs of fiscal decentralization are summarized. Properly designed fiscal sharing schemes enable the benefits of decentralization to be achieved without incurring all the costs. Some of the features of fiscal sharing schemes that might accomplish this are outlined. 6 References. Adapted from the source document.

The present research aims to explore the role of knowledge creation and absorptive capacity as mediating variables between knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, and companies' organizational innovation. A theoretical model supporting the hypothesized relationships is developed, and then research hypotheses are tested with a sample of 111 industrial organizations, using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results show that knowledge creation positively influences innovation and partially mediates the relationship between intra‐firm knowledge sharing and innovation. Knowledge acquisition from external partners is not enough to promote innovation results but significantly reinforces absorptive capacity as well as knowledge sharing. Companies' absorptive capacity fosters the creation of knowledge, but does not significantly influence organizational innovation. The small sample size limits generalization of the present findings. Further research should explore the complementary role of knowledge creation and absorptive capacity in both small and medium‐sized enterprises and large companies. Knowledge management practitioners should facilitate a knowledge sharing environment, where new ideas and solutions can be developed, and consequently innovation outcomes are likely to occur. This paper follows recent approaches to mediation analysis and covers advanced topics in partial least squares structural equation modeling literature, providing empirical examples of the application of hierarchical component models and mediation analysis using bootstrap. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Multimodal Information Sharing Team (MIST) is an evolution of the Maritime Information Sharing Taskforce that has been conducting workshops in domestic ports since 2008. The MIST provides a framework and process for the collaborative exploration of information sharing across the port multimodal community. The MIST emphasizes the private sector perspective to ensure that government stakeholders are leveraging this critical player in the sharing of all hazards threat information. The Program Manager for the Information Sharing Environment (PM-ISE) sponsored the Baltimore MIST. This report presents the results of an action planning workshop that involved over 30 local, state, and national public and private sector stakeholders in maritime security for the Port of Baltimore. It highlights the motivations for information sharing and the information needs of both public and private sector. It uses the Inter-Organizational Collaborative Capacity model to organize the analysis and recommendations for three aspects of information sharing: security-focused mechanisms, commerce-focused mechanisms, and technology mechanisms. The report concludes with a set of both immediate-term and long term actions that were identified by workshop participants. Through the MIST collaboration, the PM-ISE in partnership with National Maritime Intelligence-Integration Office (NMIO) will continue to work with the Baltimore area, supporting the on-going development of the Maritime Law Enforcement Information Network (MLEIN).

Equalising transfers from central governments to subnational governments are features of the fiscal arrangements of many federations. Argues that these transfers are necessary complements to systems of interpersonal redistribution. They facilitate the process of decentralisation by enabling subnational jurisdictions to exercise their autonomy in ways that do not detract from national objectives of equity and efficiency. This is because decentralisation inevitably results in subnational jurisdictions taking on tasks that have consequences for the attainment of these objectives, and it also results in different jurisdictions having differering fiscal capacity to delivery the services assigned to them. The benefits and costs of fiscal decentralisation are summarised. (Original abstract - amended)