Suchergebnisse

Front Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Executive Summary -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- PART 1 Safe Water -- Chapter 2 Access to Improved Water Sources: Quantitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Trends in Access to Water Sources -- Constraints for Access to Safe Water -- Conclusion -- Annex 2A: Access to Water Estimates from the 2011 DHS -- Note -- References -- Chapter 3 Cost of Public Taps and Alternative Water Sources -- Introduction -- Sources of Drinking Water -- Cost of Alternative Sources of Water -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4 Challenges for Access to Safe Water: Qualitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Water Provision -- Water Quality -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- PART 2 Sanitation -- Chapter 5 Access to Sanitation: Quantitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Trends in Access to Sanitation -- Constraints for Access to Sanitation -- Conclusion -- Annex 5A: Sanitation and Hand Washing Estimates from the 2011 DHS -- References -- Chapter 6 Challenges to Adequate Sanitation: Qualitative Analysis -- Introduction -- Lack of Latrines -- Alternatives to Private Latrines -- Obstacles to Building Latrines -- Incentives to Build Latrines -- Waste Disposal -- Hand Washing -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- PART 3 Policy -- Chapter 7 Public Funding and Programs for the Poor in Water and Sanitation -- Introduction -- Level of Public Funding -- Targeting the Poor -- Conclusions -- Note -- References -- Figures -- 2.1 Challenges Associated with Accessing Safe and Clean Water -- 3.1 Concentration Curves for Sources of Drinking Water, 2009/10 -- 3.2 Concentration Curves for Sources of Drinking Water, 2012/13 -- 5.1 Challenges Associated with Good Hygiene Practices -- 5.2 Perceptions about Public Toilets -- 7.1 Water and Environment Sector Budget, Released Funds, and Expenditures

AbstractThe 1980s saw the emergence of popular participation as a mechanism for promoting good governance in developing countries Good governance was seen as crucial to efforts to improve the welfare of poor people in countries where elites had hitherto benefited disproportionately from policies conceived at the top without reference to ordinary citizens at the bottom. Donor pressure helped accelerate the change. In Uganda these developments coincided with the rise to power of a government that sought to democratise the country's politics. A major plank in the democratisation agenda was the establishment of a participatory system of local administration in which ordinary citizens, facilitated by local councils, would participate in public affairs and influence the way government functioned. These aspirations coincided with those of the donor community and enthusiasts of popular participation. This article is an account of the evolution of village councils and popular participation from 1986, when the National Resistance Movement came to power in Uganda, to 1996. It shows that while at the beginning the introduction of local councils seized the public's imagination leading to high levels of participation, with time, public meetings as consultative fora succumbed to atrophy due to participation fatigue and unwarranted assumptions about the feasibility and utility of popular participation as an administrative and policy‐making devise. It calls for political history and the socio‐cultural context to be taken into account in efforts to promote participation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Doing business 2020 is the 17th in a series of annual studies investigating the regulations that enhance business activity and those that constrain it. Doing business presents quantitative indicators on business regulations and the protection of property rights that can be compared across 190 economies - from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe - and over time. Regulations affecting 12 areas of the life of a business are covered: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts, resolving insolvency, employing workers, and contracting with the government. The employing workers and contracting with the government indicator sets are not included in this year's ranking on the ease of doing business. Data in doing business 2020 are current as of May 1, 2019. The indicators are used to analyze economic outcomes and identify what reforms of business regulation have worked, where, and why. This economy profile presents indicators for Uganda for 2020, Uganda ranks 116.