Suchergebnisse

Domestic animals, especially pets, have a close and affectionate relationship with people. However, many of them are harmed by their supposed tutors. In Brazil, there are few veterinary studies looking at epidemiology of pets' mistreatment admitted to veterinary practices and hospitals, and none in Paraíba state. The aim of this study was to identify the occurrence and the epidemiological aspects of pets' mistreatment in the Veterinary Hospital from the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brazil. In addition, it was sought to exhibit the frequency of animal abuse cases and their respective levels of socio-environmental vulnerability by neighborhood. A retrospective study of medical records was carried out for a period of ten years. The data were analyzed descriptively. A total of 943 cases of mistreated pets were identified with 59.8% (564/943) in dogs and 40.2% (379/943) in cats. Males represented 50.9% (480/943) of the cases and 49.1% (463/943) were females. Dogs [40.60% (229/564)] and cats [54.35% (206/379)] up to one year of age were the most affected. Furthermore, the majority of dogs [74.3% (419/564)] and cats [98.15% (372/379)] mistreated were mixed breed. Negligence was evidenced with 69.1% (651/943) of mistreatment cases. There was also a higher frequency of mistreatment in neighborhoods with high levels of vulnerability. It is concluded that although the number of mistreated dogs was higher, proportionally cats were more likely to be victims of abuse and that in those poorer socioeconomic areas, harmful attitudes to domestic animals are a daily reality.

Keywords: Animal Mistreatment. Vulnerability. Pets. Violence.

Resumo
Animais domésticos, especialmente cães e gatos, mantêm uma relação estreita e afetuosa com as pessoas. No entanto, muitos são prejudicados por seus supostos tutores. No Brasil, existem poucos estudos veterinários sobre a epidemiologia dos maus-tratos a animais de estimação admitidos em clínicas e hospitais veterinários, e nenhum na Paraíba. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a ocorrência e os aspectos epidemiológicos dos maus-tratos a animais de estimação no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, Brasil. Além disso, buscou-se apresentar a frequência dos casos de maus-tratos animais e seus respectivos níveis de vulnerabilidade socioambiental por bairros. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de prontuários médicos por um período de dez anos. Os dados foram analisados ​​descritivamente. Um total de 943 casos de animais de estimação maltratados foram identificados com 59,8% (564/943) em cães e 40,2% (379/943) em gatos. Os machos representaram 50,9% (480/943) dos casos e 49,1% (463/943) eram fêmeas. Os cães [40,60% (229/564)] e os gatos [54,35% (206/379)] até um ano de idade foram os mais acometidos. Ademais, a maioria dos cães [74,3% (419/564)] e gatos [98,15% (372/379)] maltratados eram sem raça definida (SRD). Evidenciou-se a negligência com 69,1% (651/943) dos casos de maus-tratos. Observou-se também maior frequência de maus-tratos em bairros com altos níveis de vulnerabilidade. Concluímos que embora o número de cães maltratados tenha sido maior, proporcionalmente os gatos tiveram maior probabilidade de serem vítimas de maus-tratos e que naquelas áreas socioeconômicas mais desfavorecidas, atitudes prejudiciais aos animais domésticos são uma realidade diária.

Palavras-chave: Maus-Tratos Animais. Vulnerabilidade. Animais de Estimação. Violência.

A través de una etnografía del Estado, esta investigación tiene por objetivo analizar el rol de la política climática chilena ante la vulnerabilidad climática del pueblo mapuche, a través del caso de la comuna de Lonquimay. Por medio del enfoque de la ecología política y la teoría decolonial, se analiza la vulnerabilidad climática del pueblo mapuche e identifican los efectos del cambio ambiental, y en específico del cambio climático, en esta comuna. Luego, examina la gobernanza climática chilena y su implementación, indagando sobre la consideración de la participación y los conocimientos indígenas. Así como también, caracteriza las comprensiones de vulnerabilidad climática de los diversos actores involucrados. Se condujo una etnografía multilocal bajo tres niveles de análisis: local, nacional e internacional. Al revisar la política climática actual y recoger la opinión de distintos actores involucrados, se puede observar que, no obstante existir voluntades individuales, el Estado no ha considerado la vulnerabilidad y participación del pueblo mapuche como elementos claves en la elaboración de la política climática. Aunque por un lado se reconoce el aporte que los pueblos indígenas pueden entregar para enfrentar el cambio climático, sus conocimientos siguen siendo subestimados y excluidos en los procesos de toma de decisión, replicando dinámicas multiculturalistas que han modelado la política indígena desde el retorno de la democracia. El caso chileno ilustra el tipo de reconocimiento que se le entrega a los pueblos indígenas en la política climática internacional y, por lo tanto, su análisis permite identificar las barreras que dificultan la efectiva colaboración. Para fortalecer la participación de los pueblos indígenas es necesario en primer lugar revisar la política pública que se implementa en sus territorios, pero por sobre todo, abordar los procesos históricos y las relaciones desiguales que construyen la vulnerabilidad climática en primer lugar. ; Through an ethnography of the state, this research aims to analyse the role of Chilean climate policy in the climate vulnerability of the Mapuche People, through the case of Lonquimay. Using a political ecology approach and decolonial theory, it analyses the climate vulnerability of the Mapuche People and identifies the effects of environmental change, specifically climate change, in this commune. Then, it examines Chilean climate governance and its implementation, inquiring into the consideration of indigenous participation and knowledge. It also characterises different understandings of climate vulnerability. A multi-local ethnography was conducted under three levels of analysis: local, national and international. In reviewing current climate policy and collecting the opinions of the different actors involved, it can be observed that, despite some individual wills, the state has not considered the vulnerability and participation of the Mapuche people as crucial elements in the elaboration of climate policy. Although Indigenous Peoples' contribution to tackling climate change is recognised, their knowledge continues to be underestimated and excluded from decision-making processes, replicating the multiculturalist dynamics that have shaped indigenous policy since the return of democracy. The Chilean case illustrates the type of recognition given to Indigenous Peoples in international climate policy and, therefore, its analysis allows us to identify the barriers that hinder effective collaboration. To strengthen the Indigenous Peoples participation, it is first necessary to review the public policy implemented in their territories, but above all, to address the historical processes and unequal relationships that construct climate vulnerability in the first place.

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) has major climate impacts worldwide, and most profoundly for nations around the Indian Ocean basin. It has been 20 years since the IOD was first formally defined and research since that time has focused primarily on examining IOD dynamics, trends and impacts in observational records and in model simulations. However, considerable uncertainty exists due to the brevity of reliable instrumental data for the Indian Ocean basin and also due to known biases in model representations of tropical Indian Ocean climate. Consequently, the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) concluded that there was only low confidence in projections of a future increase in the strength and frequency of positive IOD events. This review examines the additional perspectives that palaeoclimate evidence provides on IOD trends, variability, interactions with the El Nino~ eSouthern Oscillation (ENSO), and impacts. Palaeoclimate data show that recent trends towards more frequent and intense positive IOD events have been accompanied by a mean shift toward a more positive IOD-like mean zonal SST gradient across the equatorial Indian Ocean (due to enhanced warming in the west relative to the east). The increasing frequency of positive IOD events will imminently move outside of the range of natural variability in the last millennium if projected trends continue. Across a range of past climate states, periods of a mean positive IOD-like state in the Indian Ocean have been accompanied by elevated IOD variability. This includes events that exceed the magnitude of even the strongest measured historical events, demonstrating that the Indian Ocean can harbour even stronger variability than what has been observed to date. During the last millennium there has been a tight coupling between the magnitude of interannual IOD and ENSO variability, although positive IOD events have frequently occurred without any indication of a co-occurring El Nino~ event. This IODeENSO coupling may not have persisted across past climates that were very different from the present, raising questions of whether their interaction will change in a rapidly warming future. Palaeoclimate evidence for hydroclimate changes during the last millennium further points to the importance of interannual IOD and ENSO variability in providing the rainfall that breaks droughts in regions that are impacted by these modes of variability. Overall, this review highlights the rich insights into the IOD that can be gained from palaeoclimate evidence. Palaeoclimate data helps to overcome known limitations in observations and model simulations of the IOD, and demonstrates that strong conclusions about the IOD and its impacts can be reached when the evidence for past, present and future behaviour of the IOD are assessed together. ; This work was supported by the Australian Research Council through the Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes (CE170100023; NJA, JAH, NMW, CCU, MHE), and a Future Fellowship to NJA (FT160100029); JAH is supported by an Australian Research Training Program (RTP) scholarship; KT acknowledges National Science Foundation (NSF) grant OCE1903482 for support; CCU acknowledges support by NSF under AGS-1602455 and The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Endowed Fund for Innovative Research at WHOI. MHE is also supported by the Earth Science and Climate Change Hub of the Australian Government's National Environmental Science Programme (NESP).

Entrepreneurship education has become a critical subject in academic research and educational policy design, occupying a central role in contemporary education globally. However, a review of the literature indicates that research on entrepreneurship education is still in a relatively early stage. Little is known about how entrepreneurship education learning is affected by the environmental context to date. Therefore, combining the institutional context and focusing on students' learning expectations as a novel perspective, the main aim of the thesis is to address the knowledge gap by developing an original conceptual framework to advance understanding of the dynamic learning process of entrepreneurship education through the lens of self-determination theory, thereby providing a basis for advancing understanding of entrepreneurship education. The author adopted an epistemological positivism philosophy and a deductive approach. This study gathered 247 valid questionnaires from the UK (84) and China (163). It requested students to recall their learning expectations before attending their entrepreneurship courses and to assess their perceptions of learning outcomes after taking the entrepreneurship courses. It was found that entrepreneurship education policy is an antecedent that influences students' learning expectations, which is represented in the difference in student autonomy. British students in active learning under a voluntary education policy have higher autonomy than Chinese students in passive learning under a compulsory education policy, thus having higher learning expectations, leading to higher satisfaction. The positive relationship between autonomy and learning expectations is established, which adds a new dimension to self-determination theory. Furthermore, it is also revealed that the change in students' entrepreneurial intentions before and after their entrepreneurship courses is explained by understanding the process of a business start-up (positive), hands-on business start-up opportunities (positive), students' actual input (positive) and tutors' academic qualification (negative). The thesis makes contributions to both theory and practice. The findings have far reaching implications for different parties, including policymakers, educators, practitioners and researchers. Understanding and shaping students' learning expectations is a critical first step in optimising entrepreneurship education teaching and learning. On the one hand, understanding students' learning expectations of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education can help the government with educational interventions and policy reform, as well as improving the quality and delivery of university-based entrepreneurship education. On the other hand, entrepreneurship education can assist students in establishing correct and realistic learning expectations and entrepreneurial conceptions, which will benefit their future entrepreneurial activities and/or employment. An important implication is that this study connects multiple stakeholders by bridging the national-level institutional context, organisational-level university entrepreneurship education, and individual level entrepreneurial learning to promote student autonomy based on an understanding of students' learning expectations. This can help develop graduates with their ability for autonomous learning and autonomous entrepreneurial behaviour. The results of this study help to remind students that it is them, the learners, their expectations and input that can make the difference between the success or failure of their study. This would not only apply to entrepreneurship education but also to other fields of study. One key message from this study is that education can be encouraged and supported but cannot be "forced". Mandatory entrepreneurship education is not a quick fix for the lack of university students' innovation and entrepreneurship. More resources must be invested in enhancing the enterprise culture, thus making entrepreneurship education desirable for students.

L'estímul i el creixement del turisme rural a Espanya han tingut un important increment en les darreres dècades, tant en el nombre de visitants, com en els establiments d'allotjament, restauració i altres serveis. Això ha estat possible a causa, principalment, de dos processos que van coincidir en una escala temporal: a) el canvi de paradigma i l'augment de la conscienciació sobre els problemes generats pel model de turisme de masses; b) les polítiques de desenvolupament rural establertes a la Unió Europea i, en particular a Espanya. Aquestes es van donar a l'àmbit de la Política Agrària Comunitària (PAC) i dels seus programes LEADER i PRODER, amb el propòsit d'impulsar activitats que fomentin la diversitat econòmica i la sostenibilitat mediambiental. L'objectiu d'aquest article és analitzar l'evolució del turisme rural a Espanya entre 2001 i 2021, des de les polítiques i programes implantats a la Unió Europea i a l'Estat Espanyol, així com estudiar la predisposició del viatger rural espanyol en el període post pandèmic, amb més interès pels paisatges rurals i la cultura local. ; The stimulus and growth of rural tourism in Spain have had a significant increase in recent decades, both in the number of visitors, as well as in accommodation, restaurant and other services establishments. This has been possible mainly due to two processes that coincided on a time scale: a) the paradigm shift and increased awareness of the problems generated by the mass tourism model; b) the rural development policies established in the European Union and, in particular, in Spain. These took place in the area of the Community Agrarian Policy (PAC) and its LEADER and PRODER programs, with the purpose of promoting activities that encourage economic diversity and environmental sustainability. The objective of this paper is to analyze the evolution of rural tourism in Spain between 2001 and 2021, from the policies and programs implemented in the European Union and in the Spanish State, as well as to study the predisposition of the Spanish rural traveler in the post-pandemic period, with greater interest for rural landscapes and local culture. ; El estímulo y crecimiento del turismo rural en España han tenido un importante incremento en las últimas décadas, tanto en el número de visitantes, como en los establecimientos de hospedaje, restauración y demás servicios. Esto ha sido posible debido, principalmente, a dos procesos que coincidieron en una escala temporal: a) el cambio de paradigma y el aumento de la concienciación sobre los problemas generados por el modelo de turismo de masas; b) las políticas de desarrollo rural establecidas en la Unión Europea y, en particular en España. Éstas se dieron en el ámbito de la Política Agraria Comunitaria (PAC) y de sus programas LEADER y PRODER, con el propósito de impulsar actividades que fomenten la diversidad económica y la sostenibilidad medioambiental. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la evolución del turismo rural en España entre 2001 y 2021, desde las políticas y programas implantados en la Unión Europea y en el Estado Español, así como estudiar la predisposición del viajero rural español en el período post pandémico, con mayor interés por los paisajes rurales y la cultura local.

Novel Coronavirus 2019 (covid-19) is a generation of the coronavirus that humans have never identified. This virus was first reported to cause an outbreak in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Until now, covid-19 infection cases have been reported in many countries, such as Thailand, Japan, South Korea, Iran, Italy, Germany, and more than 90 countries worldwide. Until November 1, 2020, a total of 412.784 positive cases of covid-19 were recorded, with 341.942 recovered patients and 13.943 deaths in Indonesia. The purpose of this event is to anticipate the spread of Covid-19 by reminding the public to maintain health protocols and other alternatives in preserving health, also increasing body immunity through massage and traditional Indonesian herbal medicine. This event received a good response from the public. It was evidenced by the number of participants exceeding the predetermined quota and enthusiastic in following the speaker's material. The event was a success and was well received by the participants as well as the local government. After following this event, participants can practise the knowledge obtained from the presenters to maintain and protect their health and immunity from Covid-19. Keywords: Covid-19, Community service, body immunity DAFTAR PUSTAKA Amri, Sofan. Iif Khoiru Ahmadi. 2010. Proses Pembelajaran Kreatif dan Inovatif Dalam Kelas: Metode, Landasan Teoritis-Praktis dan Penerapannya. Jakarta: PT. Prestasi Pustakaraya. Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Surabaya. "Jumlah RT RW Kecamatan Dukuh Pakis Menurut Kelurahan Tahun 2017". surabayakota.bps.go.id. https://surabayakota.bps.go.id/statictable/2018/04/19/594/jumlah-rt-rw-kecamatan-dukuh-pakis-menurut-kelurahan-tahun-2017.html. (diakses 15 Desember 2020). Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z. 2020. "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China". Lancet 2020: 395: 497-506. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2020. Pedoman Kesiapsiagaan Menghadapi Coronavirus Disease (covid-19). Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit (P2P). Komite Penanganan Covid-19 dan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional. "Pasien Sembuh Harian Mencapai 4.141 Orang". covid19.go.id. https://covid19.go.id/berita/pasien-sembuh-harian-mencapai-4141-orang. (diakses 15 Desember 2020). Kumar, M., & Dwivedi, S. 2020. "Impact of Coronavirus Imposed Lockdown on Indian Population and their Habits". International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research Vol.5 Issue: 2: April-June 2020. ISSN: 2455-7587. Li, S., Wang, Y., Xue, J., Zhao, N., & Zhu, T. 2020. "The impact of covid-19 epidemic declaration on psychological consequences: A study on active weibo users". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6), 1–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062032. Pemerintah Kota Surabaya, "Statistik". lawancovid-19.surabaya.go.id. https://lawancovid-19.surabaya.go.id/visualisasi/graph. (diakses 15 Desember 2020). Rizma Riyandi. "Data Kecamatan Surabaya: Dukuh Pakis, Penduduk dan Wilayah". ayosurabaya.com. https://www.ayosurabaya.com/read/2020/09/28/3230/data-kecamatan-surabaya-dukuh-pakis-penduduk-dan-wilayah. (diakses 15 Desember 2020). Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, Zhao X, Huang B, Shi W, Lu R, Niu P. 2020. "A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019". New England Journal of Medicine 2020: 382: 727-733. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001017

La pandemia ha sido un acontecimiento que ha causado grandes cambios a nivel social y ambiental. Las medidas de aislamiento tomadas por el gobierno colombiano y especialmente en la ciudad de Bogotá ocasionaron una disminución en la concentración de contaminantes atmosféricos. El objetivo del proyecto es identificar los factores que han ocasionado una mejoría en la calidad del aire, determinar si el comportamiento de disminución de contaminantes se produjo en todas las Estaciones de Monitoreo de Calidad del Aire de Bogotá y si la disminución de contaminantes atmosféricos se presenta para todos los contaminantes más relevantes. Del mismo modo, reconocer si el arbolado urbano puede ser una estrategia para la disminución de contaminantes. Para llevar a cabo el objetivo es necesario recopilar los datos de la RMCAB, con el fin de realizar una comparación de las concentraciones de los principales contaminantes atmosféricos, que son: ?NO?_x, CO, ?PM?_10 , O_(3 )y ?PM?_2,5, en un periodo de pre-pandemia (2019) y pandemia (2020). Adicionalmente, para el caso del arbolado urbano se requiere hacer un inventario de arbolado óptimo para la remoción de contaminantes atmosféricos. Posteriormente analizar su relación con la concentración de los contaminantes seleccionados. Los resultados principales que se obtuvieron fueron: una disminución de los contaminantes evaluados principalmente en el momento de cuarentena sectorizada, donde la congestión vehicular decreció y para el caso del arbolado urbano, incluyendo variables meteorológicas como: la temperatura y precipitación, se obtuvo una correlación aceptable para ?NO?_x, una correlación mínima para ?PM?_10 , O_(3 )y ?PM?_2,5 y para el caso del CO no se presentó una correlación con las variables. ; The pandemic has been an event that has produced great changes at a social and environmental level. The isolation measures taken by the Colombian government and especially in the city of Bogotá caused a decrease in the concentration of atmospheric pollutants. The objective of the project is to identify the factors that have caused an improvement in air quality, determine if the pollutant reduction behavior occurred in all Air Quality Monitoring Stations and if for all the most relevant atmospheric pollutants, According to the impact it causes on human health, there was a decrease in its concentration. In the same way, recognize if urban trees can be a strategy for reducing pollutants. To carry out the objective, it is necessary to collect data from the RMCAB, in order to make a comparison of the concentrations of the main atmospheric pollutants, which are: ?NO?_x, CO, ?PM?_10 , O_(3 )y ?PM?_2,5, in a period of pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020). In addition, in the case of urban trees, an inventory of optimal trees is required to eliminate atmospheric pollutants, and then analyze their relationship with the concentration of the selected pollutants. The main results that were obtained were a decrease in the pollutants evaluated mainly at the time of the sectorized quarantine, where traffic congestion decreased. For the case of urban trees, including meteorological variables such as: temperature and precipitation, an acceptable correlation was obtained for ?NO?_x, a minimum correlation for, ?PM?_10 , O_(3 )y ?PM?_2,5 and for In the case of CO, there was no correlation with the variables. ; Ingeniero Ambiental ; Pregrado

Resumo: O consumo, aliado à industrialização, a cada ano produz muitos tipos de novos produtos e embalagens. Junto a isso, a distribuição e a logística vêm alcançando locais cada vez mais remotos, fazendo com que áreas rurais disponham dos mesmos produtos existentes nas áreas urbanas. A preocupação com esse avanço é a disposição final desse material, ou o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos domésticos nessas áreas. Os custos desse processo podem trazer obstáculos à sua realização. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa objetiva demonstrar algumas dificuldades sobre a gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos, principalmente pela análise da área rural de Santa Cruz do Sul. Identificou-se que o resíduo doméstico rural transportado pelos caminhões não era pesado, apenas registrada a entrada dos caminhões, dificultando o entendimento da eficiência desse atendimento. Assim, uma discrepância pode passar despercebida pelos gestores, pois o município de Santa Cruz do Sul/RS não possui uma área rural muito extensa. Para poder observar esse processo, foram rastreados dados entre os anos de 2007 à 2015, através de pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais. Foi possível verificar que o número de cargas das áreas rurais vem aumentado, sem alteração na população rural como também sem aumento de produção das embalagens. Além disso, os valores cobrados por esse transporte a cada ano se tornam mais caros. Portanto, para ter uma gestão transparente e políticas públicas eficientes, faz-se necessário disponibilizar e analisar os dados e valores sobre a produção de resíduos sólidos de forma clara e objetiva, com a elaboração de um processo que seja eficaz enquanto medida socioambiental.Palavras-chave: Gestão de Resíduos. Resíduo Doméstico Rural. Custo dos Resíduos. Abstract: The consumerism allied to industrialization each year produces many kinds of new products and packaging. Together, the distribution and the logistics are reaching places increasingly remote, so that the rural areas can have the same products that the urban areas do. The concern on this advance is the final disposal of this material or the domestic solid waste management in these areas. The costs of this process can bring some difficulties for the realization of this type of collection. This research was done to demonstrate some difficulties about the integrated solid waste management, mainly through the analysis of the rural area of Santa Cruz do Sul. It was identified that the rural domestic waste transported by trucks was not weighed, only registered the entry of trucks, making it difficult to understand the efficiency of this attendance. Therefore, this discrepancy can go unnoticed by the managers, because the city of Santa Cruz do Sul/RS does not have a very large rural area. To observe these procedures, it tracked data between the years of 2007 to 2015, through bibliographical and documental research. Thus, it was possible to verify that the number of loads from the rural areas is increasing, without an alteration on the rural population, but also without increasing packaging production. In addition, the costs charged for this transportation become more expensive each year. Therefore, in order to have a transparent management and efficient public politics, it is necessary to make available and analyze the data and values about the solid waste production in a clear and objective way, with the elaboration of a process that is effective as a socio-environmental measure.Keywords: Waste Management. Rural Domestic Waste. Waste Cost.

Purpose
Little is known about the effects of supply chain finance (SCF) adoption on organizational performance (OP). This study aims to address this relevant research gap, and hence draws on the dynamic capability view of the organization under the contingent effect of environmental dynamism (ED) and supply chain risk (SCR) to investigate the effects of SCF adoption on OP.


Design/methodology/approach
A conceptual framework is developed and then tested using survey with data collected from a cross section of 217 organizations in China.


Findings
The findings show that SCF significantly mitigates the SCR, which therefore has a strong positive effect on OP (e.g. cost performance and operational performance). Moreover, the findings indicate that when ED is high, then the relationship between SCF and SCR is stronger, whereas when ED is low, the relationship between SCF and SCR is weak. Further, SCR mediates the relationship between SCF and OP. Hypothesis regarding the moderating effect of ED on the paths joining SCF and SCR was also confirmed. SCR has a strong negative effect on OP. However, hypothesis regarding the effect of ED on SCR was rejected.


Research limitations/implications
This paper has the following limitations. First, the authors conducted the study with organizations in China, which may result in low generalizability. Moreover, the authors used survey method and cross-sectional data design in this paper, which may cause the potential issue of common method bias. However, this research provided some significant theoretical and managerial implications for organizations, practitioners and researchers, while exploring different factors such SCF, SCR and ED, and their effect on organizational output.


Practical implications
From the managerial perspective, this study provides some relevant new insights to the supply chain managers of organizations. First, the findings of present study guide the organization executives to mitigate their organizations' risk through risk mitigation strategies such as SCF; optimize their liquidity and working capital while getting the credit at best cost from lenders; and mitigate vulnerability. Second, organizations should adopt vulnerability strategies for improving their capability to respond promptly and cost-effectively toward uncertainties. Third, the perfect identification of factors leading to the adoption of SCF and improving OP are of incredible attractiveness for executives to discover the relevant practice of SCF. Fourth, the results also offer an opportunity to organizations and practitioners, a decision-making approach, to manage which mitigation scheme to be adopted to aid the supply chain practices of mitigation. Moreover, SCF emphasizes that the organization managers' expand their overall supply chain by getting easy credit and reducing the risk and produce higher organizational productivity. Further, this paper offers a completive advantage for both buyers and suppliers to strengthen their relationships while collaborating with each other. The supply chain executives may explore the level of relationship amongst SCF adoption and their effects on organizational productivity. Therefore, SCF provides equal competitive advantage to both main partners of the supply chain to mitigate the overall risks and improve their competiveness.


Originality/value
This research fulfilled the research gap in operations management, strategic management, marketing and supply chain management by exploring the effects of SCF adoption as risk mitigation strategy but also as an instrument which can aid organizational to carry out their performance.

Estudos etnobotânicos possibilitam compreender a forma como as pessoas se relacionam com as plantas, baseado nos saberes populares repassados entre as gerações. Este estudo se caracterizou em um levantamento etnobotânico das plantas medicinais cultivadas nos quintais urbanos dos agentes da Pastoral da Saúde, município de Orleans, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada, com aplicação de um formulário, com turnê guiada e registro fotográfico, para validação das informações. Foram entrevistados dezenove informantes e registradas 85 espécies pertencentes a 72 gêneros e 39 famílias botânicas, sendo as mais representativas Lamiaceae (13 espécies) e Asteraceae (10 espécies). A folha foi o farmacógeno mais utilizado. As formas terapêuticas de uso mais citadas foram infusão (50,6%) e decocto (49,4%). O estado e forma de uso do farmacógeno utilizados foram fresco e interno, respectivamente. As indicações terapêuticas que prevaleceram foram para enfermidades relacionadas ao trato alimentar e metabolismo, sangue e órgãos hematopoiéticos e sistema respiratório. A origem das plantas, em sua maioria, era exótica. No entanto, algumas espécies nativas estão sendo domesticadas o que poderá incluir plantas em cultivo de pequena escala em futuro próximo. O tempo de uso das plantas medicinais relatado foi mais de 50 anos, sendo a transmissão de forma transgeracional, o que atende os critérios da ANVISA quanto ao registro, com base na tradicionalidade de uso superior a 30 anos. Este estudo reflete o contexto cultural e ambiental enraizado de uma comunidade local, revelando a importância dos quintais como forma social e que pode contribuir para a manutenção dos espaços urbanos, por meio do registro do conhecimento popular.
Palavras-chave: Etnobotânica. Pastoral da Saúde. Conhecimento Popular e Científico.
Abstract
Ethnobotanical studies make it possible to understand the way people relate to plants based on popular knowledge passed from generation to generation. The objective of this study was to perform an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants cultivated in the urban backyards of "Pastoral da Saúde" (Health Pastoral) agents, in Orleans municipality, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. A semi-structured interview was used, with application of a questionnaire, complemented with guided tour and photographic record for information validation. Nineteen informants were interviewed. The ethnobotanical survey recorded 85 species belonging to 72 genera and 39 botanical families. The most representative families were Lamiaceae 13 species) and Asteraceae (10 species). The most used pharmacogen was leaf. The most commonly mentioned pharmaceutical forms of use were infusion (50,6%) and decocted (49,4%). The state and form of use of the pharmacogen used were fresh and internal, respectively. The prevailing therapeutic indications were diseases related to the nutritional and metabolic problems, blood and hematopoietic organs and respiratory system. The plants' origin was mostly exotic. However, some native species have already been domesticated which may include plants in small-scale cultivation in the near future. The reported time of use was over 50 years, with transmission being transgenerational, which meets ANVISA's criteria for registration, based on traditional use higher to 30 years. This study reflects the rooted cultural and environmental context of a local community, revealing the importance of backyards as a social form and that can contribute to the urban spaces maintenance, through the popular knowledge registration.
Keywords: Urban Ethnobotany. Health Pastoral. Folk and Scientific Knowledgment.

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices adopted among University of Sharjah (UOS) students toward sustainability efforts done by their university.


Design/methodology/approach
An online survey was emailed to students with the assistance of the UOS Sustainability Office. The survey consisted of four sections assessing knowledge, attitudes, practices and preferred media to obtain sustainability information. A total of 200 responses from male and female students, representing 4 levels of study in sciences and humanities colleges, were received. Research data is analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics (version 26). For assessing knowledge, eight items were developed to measure if the student knew about the university's projects and activities in the field of sustainability. For assessing attitudes, six items were developed to indicate the level of agreement or disagreement toward main sustainability issues. For assessing practices, ten items were developed to measure the frequency of acting in a sustainable manner.


Findings
Survey results showed an advanced level of basic knowledge among university students regarding the programs and activities conducted by UOS, and a positive attitude toward these efforts and toward the importance of supporting sustainable practices. Most of the participating students disagreed with limiting the use of cars on campus – this may be because of a cultural aspect among young people in the Emirati society, who consider driving cars as an essential part of their daily life. Most students also indicated that they care about the behavior that supports sustainability in the university environment, such as rationalizing water consumption and using environment friendly products.


Research limitations/implications
The study's limitations are that it was applied to one university – UOS. The sample of the online survey was only 200 students from undergraduate students. Different universities may have their own sets of different environmental approaches, and because of this reason, university students may exhibit different levels of knowledge, attitude and practice toward sustainability in contrast to the findings from this study.


Practical implications
Findings from this research can give decision-makers a good picture of the university's performance in accomplishing sustainability. The authors recommend that UOS sustainability communication programs should be more comprehensive, and not only limited to protecting the environment that some students perceive as the primary aspect of sustainability. These efforts must address all economic and social aspects emphasized by the United Arab Emirates 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.


Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, the current study is considered one of the first studies addressing sustainability efforts in Emirati universities and seeking to assess the level of student knowledge, attitudes and practices toward sustainability issues in the country. The study is crucial in providing better insights such as the level of knowledge, attitude and practices toward UOS sustainability performance. As found in this study, even with sufficient knowledge, students still lack the drive to convert them into actions. So, future research could investigate deeper into the barriers of converting sustainable knowledge and attitudes into practices. The results represent an added value to the research literature concerned with sustainability issues in the Arab world and the Middle East region. This paper will also contribute to the sustainability literature that will be benefited by other various organizations.

Interactions between humans and animals can be considerably beneficial to human well-being, and the demand for domestic cats as pets has increased in recent years. Despite these benefits, however, cats may contribute to environmental dissemination of zoonotic pathogens, with potential risks to human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and diversity of feline parasites of zoonotic interest in Campo Grande, the capital city of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Midwestern Brazil, where studies on feline parasitic fauna remain scarce. Fecal samples from 210 male and female cats of varying ages, sheltered at the local Center for Zoonosis Control, were examined. Spontaneous and ether centrifugal sedimentation were used to detect the parasites, found in 149 animals (71.0%), 93 (62.4%) of which were infected with a single parasitic species and 56 (37.6%) with two or more species. Ten parasitic species were detected, where Ancylostoma sp. was the most frequent (65.2%), followed by Platynosomum concinnum (21.0%), Cystoisospora sp. (7.1%), Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (1.9%), Strongyloides sp. (1.9%), Dipylidium caninum (1.4%), Giardia sp. (1.0%), Toxocara sp. (1.0%), Physaloptera praeputialis (1.0%), and Sarcocystis sp. (0.5%). The results obtained are relevant to human and veterinary public health policies and demonstrate the cats' role in the transmission chain of parasitic zoonoses, particularly in urban areas. The findings can also serve to raise awareness among veterinarians and cat owners on the importance of preventive interventions to ensure healthier cohabitation with pets by reducing human exposure to cat borne parasites in urban areas.

Keywords: Zoonoses. Felines. Helminths. Protozoa. One Health.
Resumo
As interações entre humanos e animais podem ser consideravelmente benéficas para o bem-estar humano, e a demanda por gatos domésticos como animais de estimação aumentou nos últimos anos. Apesar desses benefícios, no entanto, os gatos podem contribuir para a disseminação ambiental de patógenos zoonóticos, com riscos potenciais para a saúde humana. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência e diversidade de parasitos de interesse zoonótico em felinos de Campo Grande, capital do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, no Centro-Oeste do Brasil, onde estudos sobre a fauna parasitária felina permanecem escassos. Foram examinadas amostras fecais de 210 gatos machos e fêmeas de idades variadas, abrigados no Centro de Controle de Zoonoses local. Sedimentação espontânea e sedimentação por centrifugação em éter foram utilizadas para detectar os parasitos, encontrados em 149 animais (71,0%), 93 (62,4%) dos quais foram infectados com uma única espécie parasitária e 56 (37,6%) com duas ou mais espécies. Foram detectadas dez espécies parasitárias, sendo Ancylostoma sp. o mais frequente (65,2%), seguido por Platynosomum concinnum (21,0%), Cystoisospora sp. (7,1%), Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (1,9%), Strongyloides sp. (1,9%), Dipylidium caninum (1,4%), Giardia sp. (1,0%), Toxocara sp. (1,0%), Physaloptera praeputialis (1,0%) e Sarcocystis sp. (0,5%). Os resultados obtidos são relevantes para as políticas de saúde pública humana e veterinária e demonstram o papel dos gatos na cadeia de transmissão das zoonoses parasitárias, principalmente nas áreas urbanas. As descobertas também podem servir para conscientizar os veterinários e donos de gatos da importância de intervenções preventivas para garantir uma coabitação mais saudável com animais de estimação, reduzindo a exposição humana a parasitos transmitidos por gatos em áreas urbanas.

Palavras-chave: Zoonoses. Felinos. Helmintos. Protozoários. Saúde Única.

The purpose of the article is to develop a new methodological approach to the analysis of innovative activity of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex in order to ensure their sustainable economic development, taking into account the factors of economic growth. Research methods. The scientific provisions on planning innovation activities and analysis of innovative processes (the essence and content of innovation activity of enterprises are justified), modeling and organization of innovation activity, forecasting its results in economic systems (modern trends in the development of methods for analyzing and assessing innovation activity of enterprises in the system activity), as well as general scientific methods of cognition: systemic (formulated the problems of assessing the innovative activity of enterprises from the standpoint of ensuring their sustainable development and determining potential ways to solve them), complex (analysis of the parameters of the innovative activity of domestic enterprises), abstract-logical (the influence of environmental factors on the innovative activity of the enterprise is analyzed), functional and structural-level research methods (the relationship of internal factors of the enterprise's innovative activity is considered), methods of analysis and synthesis (the relationship of the internal factors of the enterprise's innovative activity is analyzed), evolutionary and historical approaches (the relationship of the factors of the enterprise's innovative activity with the parameters of its sustainable development is considered). Research results. The methodological foundations of the innovative activity of agro-industrial complex enterprises have been theoretically substantiated as the degree of intensity of their actions on the creation and development (practical implementation) of innovations in the context of rapidly changing external conditions and tough market competition. Despite the high cost of mistakes in the innovative development of agricultural enterprises, the analysis of the innovative activity of an enterprise is an important tool for ensuring their sustainable economic development. Scientific novelty. The elements of scientific novelty lie in the theoretical substantiation and experimental confirmation of a new methodological approach to the analysis of the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises in order to ensure their sustainable economic development. This makes it possible to determine the tools for intensifying the activities of enterprises through building up and productive use of intellectual potential. The concept of "innovative activity of enterprises" is clarified and it is shown that this is one of the main characteristics of their innovative activity. The composition of the parameters of innovative activity of enterprises has been improved and a set of factors stimulating and restraining the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises has been determined. On the basis of the conducted analytical studies, the interrelation and power of the mutual influence of factors of innovative activity of enterprises, as well as the relationship of these factors with the parameters of sustainable economic development, were revealed. Practical significance of the article lies in the possibility of using its provisions and conclusions when analysing the relationship of internal factors of innovative activity of an enterprise, as well as when analysing the relationship between factors of innovative activity of agricultural enterprises with an assessment of the sustainability of their market development. The proposed set of methodological recommendations makes it possible to assess the innovative activity of an enterprise in the interests of its sustainable economic development. Tabl.: 2. Refs.: 22.

La actividad cinegética presenta un notable arraigo social, cultural, histórico, territorial y económico en la comunidad autónoma de Extremadura. En esta región destaca la existencia de dos modelos de caza: la social y la económica. Desde la asunción de competencias en materia de caza en 1983 por parte del gobierno autonómico ha tratado de darse la misma importancia territorial a ambos modelos cinegéticos. Este escenario ha desembocado en que, en la actualidad, los terrenos acotados dedicados a la práctica social abarquen aproximadamente la mitad de la superficie cinegética bajo la consideración de coto. La presencia de la caza en Extremadura ha llevado a la creación de un buen número de trabajos científicos que se decantan por esta temática. A pesar de ello, una escasa parte de estos trabajos abordan la caza social. De esta manera, la mayor parte de ellos se inclinan por otras líneas de investigación (económica, ambiental, etc.). Ante esta carencia de estudios el siguiente trabajo se expone como novedoso al analizar una de las partes más importantes de la caza social, sus practicantes, determinando su perfil, así como la situación de esta modalidad cinegética. Para conseguir mencionados objetivos se ha empleado como fuente de información principal una encuesta difundida entre cazadores extremeños a través de la asistencia a diferentes eventos cinegéticos (jornadas, ferias, etc.). Estos datos han sido tratados, posteriormente, mediante técnicas estadísticas que han permitido obtener una información relevante. ; Hunting is socially, culturally, historically, territorially, and economically deeply rooted in the Spanish region of Extremadura. The existence of two models of hunting are highlighted: public access and economic. Since the assumption by the regional government of regulatory powers over hunting, the government has tried to give the same territorial importance to both models of hunting. Therefore, at present, approximately half of the hunting grounds are public access and open to all hunters. The presence of hunting in Extremadura has led to the creation of many scientific works that focus on this subject. However, only a small number of these works deal with public access hunting. Thus, most works are inclined towards other lines of research (economic, environmental, etc.). For this reason, the following work is presented as novel when analysing some of the most important parts of public access hunting, its practitioners, their profile, as well as the situation of this type of hunting. For this purpose, a survey of hunters in Extremadura has been used as the main source of information and the survey was issued at various hunting events (conferences, fairs, etc.). These data have been subsequently processed using statistical techniques that have allowed the relevant information to be obtained. ; Esta publicación se encuadra dentro de las investigaciones llevadas a cabo durante la ejecución del proyecto "Diseño y elaboración de productos estratégicos diferenciados para la potenciación del turismo rural en Extremadura. De la detección de problemas a la propuesta de soluciones basadas en criterios geoestadísticos", cuya clave es IB 16040, y se encuentra financiado por la Consejería de Economía e Infraestructuras de la Junta de Extremadura y por el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER).

This study aims to find out the village government efforts to encourage community participation in the development of Oluhuta Village at AtinggolaSubdistrict in North Gorontalo District and to investigate the supporting and inhibiting factors of the village government efforts to encourage community participation in the development of Oluhuta Village at AtinggolaSubdistrict in North Gorontalo District. This study uses a qualitative method. The data collection employs observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the efforts of the village government to encourage community participation in village development are: 1) providing guidance to the community regarding environmental concern by keeping the environment clean from rubbish, 2) building community capacity in developing cattle production from the village government, and 3) fostering the decision-making process through village meetings. The supporting and inhibiting factors to the efforts of the village government to encourage community participation in village development, namely: 1) the supporting factors to the efforts of the village government to encourage community participation in village development are namely the openness and the commitment of the village government in involving the community in the development and the attitude of community cooperation in the development activities, and the level of relatively high community education, 2) the inhibiting factors to the efforts of the village government to encourage community participation in the development of the village come from the government itself, which is not capable of accounting for reporting the use of village finances so that village development financing is obstructed, and the ignorance attitude of the community in viewing the village development is not important, so in the implementation of development in Oluhuta Village most of the community does not participate in the development. ; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana upaya pemerintah desa mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan Desa Oluhuta Kecamatan Atinggola Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara, dan untuk mengetahui factor pendukung dan penghambat upaya pemerintah desa mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan Desa Oluhuta Kecamatan Atinggola Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya pemerintah desa mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan desa yaitu: 1) melakukan pembinaan kepada masyarakat tentang kepedulian terhadap lingkungan denga nmenjaga lingkungan tetap bersih dari sampah, 2) pembinaan kemampuan masyarakat dalam mengembangkan usaha ternak sapi dari pemerintah desa, dan 3) pembinaan proses pengambilan keputusan melalui musyawarah desa. Faktor pendukung dan penghambat upaya pemerintah desa mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan desa yaitu: 1) factor pendukung upaya pemerintah desa mendorong partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan desa yakni sikap keterbukaan dan komitmen pemerintah desa dalam melibatkan masyarakat dalam pembangunan serta sikap gotong royong masyarakat dalam kegiatan pembangunan, dan tingkat pendidikan masyarakat yang relatiftinggi, 2) yang menjadi penghambat dalam upaya pemerintah desa mendorong partisipasi masyarakat untuk membangun desa berasal dari pemerintah sendiri yang kurang cakap dalam pembukuan pelaporan penggunaan keuangan desa sehingga terhambatnya pembiayaan pembangunan desa, dan sikap masyarakat yang bersikap masa bodoh yang memandang pelaksanaan pembangunan desa merupakan hal yang tidak penting, sehingga dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan di Desa Oluhuta sebagian besar masyarakat tidak ikut berpartisipsi dalam pembangunan tersebut.