Suchergebnisse

Hypercrowding out occurs when fiscally dominated governments' domestic credit demands are so intrusive to a nation's financial system that a move toward fiscal surplus lowers interest rates and increases growth. We sample nine Latin American countries to test for these relationships. The impulse‐response results of vector error correction models, six nations test positive for these two connections, suggesting market concern despite recent efforts toward fiscal balance. (JEL E430, E620, O230, O540)

There is some panic in the United States about a possible decline in social connectivity. The authors used two American national surveys to analyze how changes in the number of friends are related to changes in Internet use. The authors found that friendships continue to be abundant among adult Americans between the ages of 25 to 74 and that they grew from 2002 to 2007. This trend is similar among Internet nonusers, light users, moderate users, and heavy users and across communication contexts: offline, virtual only, and migratory from online to offline. Heavy users are particularly active, having the most friends both online and offline. Intracohort change consistently outweighs cohort replacement in explaining overall growth in friendship.

Trends in the use of child domestic servants in six Latin American countries are detailed using IPUMS‐International census samples for 1960 to 2000. Child domestics are among the most vulnerable of child workers and the most invisible. They may be treated well and allowed to attend school, or they may be secluded in their employers' homes, ill‐treated, overworked, and unable to leave or report their difficulties to kin. Estimates and imputations are based on labor force and relationship‐to‐head‐of‐household information. We find that domestic service makes up a substantial fraction of girls' employment in some countries. We also analyze trends in live‐in versus live‐out status and school enrollment of child domestic servants. While all child workers are disadvantaged in enrollment relative to non‐workers, domestics are sometimes better off than non‐domestic workers. In some of the censuses examined, live‐ins are more likely to go to school than live‐out child domestics. In others, they are substantially worse off.