Suchergebnisse

The long 1970s have recently emerged as the start of a new epoch in which we still live. This volume asks whether the accelerated value change of these years can be explained with the rise of a new kind of post-rationalism, and presents case studies from across highly industrialized Europe. Theories of value change are tested historically in France, Italy, the two Germanies, the Soviet Union, Poland, Sweden, Spain, Greece, and Portugal. Approaching the era from long-term perspective, the chapters trace the rise of post-rational values in different fields such as social science debates, gender roles, sexuality, mass media, religiosity, humanitarianism, tourism, and nonconformist consumerism. The essays engage in controversy on whether new norms and practices that developed during the decade find their origin in post-rational values, a rise in affluence and education, or political changes.

"Value Change in the Supreme Court of Canada is a groundbreaking analysis of the degree to which Supreme Court decisions reflect the changing values of society over the past four decades. Focusing on three key areas of law: environmental disputes, free speech, and discrimination cases, Wetstein and Ostberg provide a revealing analysis of the language used by Supreme Court justices in landmark rulings in order to document the way that value changes are transmitted into the legal and political landscape. Bolstered by a comprehensive and nuanced blend of research methods, Value Change in the Supreme Court of Canada offers a sweeping analysis of pre- and post-Charter influences, one that will be of significant interest to political scientists, lawyers, journalists, and anyone interested in the increasingly powerful role of the Supreme Court."--

"This book provides a comprehensive examination of value changes of Chinese citizens, especially the younger generation, and how the Chinese authorities take efforts to adapt to such changes and refine its social control mechanisms. The book discusses three related themes through a series of topics. The first theme examines the changes in political attitudes and values among Chinese youths, comparing them to the older generations in the mainland and their contemporaries in Hong Kong and Taiwan. The second theme focuses on the recent development of social unrests, new pursuits that emerged in the Chinese society, and new means adopted by the Chinese protestors. The third theme touches on the responses of the party-state under the Xi Jinping administration, and how it has sophisticatized the machine of social control. With these three themes, this book also adds on to the understanding of regime stability of the Communist system in China, and how this system handles a variety of challenges brought about by dramatic social changes"--

This article reflects the renewed interest of economics and the social science discipline in value systems and religion. The World Values Survey provided a data framework of global value change, whose quantitative results led Barro (2004) to analyze the connections between some dimensions of recent sociological religious value research with economic growth. The present essay starts from this methodological position, and links value systems with economic performance in a much wider and macrosociological framework. We further develop the well-known Inglehart and Welzel (2003) map of global values, and develop the idea of Asabiyya (social cohesion), as a counter-model to both Barro and Inglehart and Welzel approaches. A frequently asked question is whether modernization without spiritual values in a globalized world economy and world society possible in the long run? Starting from principal component analysis, it is shown that rather two factors are decisive in understanding global value change: a continuum of traditional versus secular, and a continuum cheating versus active society. Asabiyya in the 21st Century, as a way out from the modernization trap of societies, characterized by large-scale social anomaly, is a high secularism combined with a high active society score, thus avoiding the modernization trap. We show that economic growth in the current world crisis is far more connected with these dimensions. We conclude that not a society based on fear is needed in the first place, but an active society of volunteer social work.

The challenge of a military academy is to provide cadets with the best education possible, while simultaneously providing an intensive socialization experience that will influence their value systems. To assess the impact of this socialization process on value development, a longitudinal study of value change was undertaken at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy. One hundred cadets were administered the Survey of Personal Values and the Survey of Interpersonal Values both as freshmen and seniors, and the results indicated that there were significant changes in value strengths over the four years. These results are discussed in terms of the general effect of a college experience versus the unique education at a military academy. The overall conclusion is that military academy experience may be less a process of inculcating new and different values than of reinforcing the institutionally compatible values of those who voluntarily choose the military profession.

The paper (1) reviews the value differences between West and East Germany after unification and their development to date, and (2) explains the fact that between 1990 and 1995 East and West Germany do not approach each other in terms of values. (1) Of the four values considered, equality is more strongly endorsed in West Germany, whilst achievement is more strongly endorsed in the East. Co-determination finds more support in West Germany. Acceptancy of institutions differs in its two domains in opposite directions: Religiosity is more strongly supported in West Germany, morality in East Germany. Across all four values, differences between both parts of the country mostly remain constant or even grow between 1990 and 1995. (2) As the former German Democratic Republic relied heavily on 'work' as an integrative ideology, East Germans should still be able to create a feeling of togetherness today based on the work product they established under the GDR. On the other hand, as this work is no longer linked to an unjust and ineffective political and economic system, it retrospectively gains in value on the one hand. Yet, as it is inevitably poorly assessed in the economic reconstruction of East Germany, it continually loses its value on the other hand. As unification has set off these contradicting developments, East Germans attribute them to West Germany; hence their growing distance from West German values. (German Politics / FUB)