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AbstractLaura Zanotti's Quantum Entanglements offers something unique to the burgeoning literature surrounding quantum physics, social science, and international relations. Rather than emphasizing the materiality of the science, it expressly aims its focus toward those already engaged in relationality, critical practice, and the politics of ontologies–even/especially for those not especially interested in science qua science. Zanotti's book calls for a fundamental rethink of the widespread influence of substantialism, even in the places that self-identify as rejecting it as a philosophical position. By positioning Newtonian thought as a metaphor, rather than a mimetic representation of scientific reality, Quantum Entanglements widens the applicability of quantum thinking to areas seemingly far removed from these debates. This article engages Zanotti's work by reading her insights into three different areas of IR scholarship where her ideas could be particularly useful –temporality, scholarly positionality, and the ontology of war. For each I suggest conceptual developments building on the critique of substantialism and emphasis on quantum entanglement. These developments emphasize the inextricability and ontological challenge of entanglement, as well as centering intellectual and political modesty and human/non-human relationality as ways forward for thinking international politics.

International tribunals and legal scholars have been considering the relationship between International Humanitarian Law ('IHL') and International Human Rights Law ('IHRL') for a number of years.1The International Court of Justice famously or infamously (depending on your perspective) considered their relationship in itsNuclear Weapons Advisory Opinionin 1996.2The Court concluded that while IHRL did apply in times of armed conflict, when it came to the prohibition of arbitrarily taking human life in Article 6 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1966, the content of that prohibition had to be found in thelex specialisof IHL.

This paper aims to present, from the perspective of Edmund Husserl, the concepts of consciousness, subjectivity and time. For the development of such purpose, the following Huserlian original texts have been mainly utilized: Logical Investigations, On the Phenomenology of the Consciousness of Internal Time and Cartesian Meditations. This text initially presents the concept of consciousness as a real phenomenological unity of the ego's experiences, as self-consciousness and as intentional experiences will be exposed. Subjectivity is approached based on the concepts of empirical self and pure self. Time, on the other hand, is explored from a phenomenological standpoint. Finally, the last item shows the intrinsic relationship established between the concepts of time and subjectivity, thus demonstrating the concept of the absolute flow of experiencing, which is timeless, and which is the ultimate and true absolute. Paradoxically, it demonstrates that it is in the actual flow that temporality is originated, and it is in the temporality, through experiences, that subjective life is put into effect and is consolidated; i.e., it clearly demonstrates that time is the catalyst for the development of subjectivity through temporal experiences and that it is in the essential autogenic relationship that conditions are created for the development of life in unity, whose process is characterized by openness to time, a flow in the live perpetuity of the now.