The role of Romuva adherents (one of the interwar Lithuanian Catholic world-view group) in genesis of young Catholics' movement is analysed in the article. Significant impact on creating the net of Catholic cultural institutions is revealed. Considering inadequate elucidation of Romuva adherents' political aspirations in historiography, political consequences of their social and cultural activities are emphasized. Romuva adherents' public activity is : considered as the expression of their initial world-view decision. Full attention is paid to the revealing of formation assumptions, methods and links of Romuva adherents' group (young Catholics' movement).
The role of Romuva adherents (one of the interwar Lithuanian Catholic world-view group) in genesis of young Catholics' movement is analysed in the article. Significant impact on creating the net of Catholic cultural institutions is revealed. Considering inadequate elucidation of Romuva adherents' political aspirations in historiography, political consequences of their social and cultural activities are emphasized. Romuva adherents' public activity is : considered as the expression of their initial world-view decision. Full attention is paid to the revealing of formation assumptions, methods and links of Romuva adherents' group (young Catholics' movement).
The role of Romuva adherents (one of the interwar Lithuanian Catholic world-view group) in genesis of young Catholics' movement is analysed in the article. Significant impact on creating the net of Catholic cultural institutions is revealed. Considering inadequate elucidation of Romuva adherents' political aspirations in historiography, political consequences of their social and cultural activities are emphasized. Romuva adherents' public activity is : considered as the expression of their initial world-view decision. Full attention is paid to the revealing of formation assumptions, methods and links of Romuva adherents' group (young Catholics' movement).
The mission of the Church is a manifesting of God's decree and its fulfilment in the world and in the world history. The missions activity derives its reason from the will of God, who wishes all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth (cf. 1 Tim 2: 4-5). The missions activity is closely bound up even with human nature, because by manifesting Christ - one mediator between God and men - the Church reveals to men the real truth about their condition and their whole calling. The article analyses: whether God's salvation history realized by the mission of the Church is linked with its political aspects and whether the Church participating in creating the kingdom of God possesses political scope. [.]
The mission of the Church is a manifesting of God's decree and its fulfilment in the world and in the world history. The missions activity derives its reason from the will of God, who wishes all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth (cf. 1 Tim 2: 4-5). The missions activity is closely bound up even with human nature, because by manifesting Christ - one mediator between God and men - the Church reveals to men the real truth about their condition and their whole calling. The article analyses: whether God's salvation history realized by the mission of the Church is linked with its political aspects and whether the Church participating in creating the kingdom of God possesses political scope. [.]
The mission of the Church is a manifesting of God's decree and its fulfilment in the world and in the world history. The missions activity derives its reason from the will of God, who wishes all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth (cf. 1 Tim 2: 4-5). The missions activity is closely bound up even with human nature, because by manifesting Christ - one mediator between God and men - the Church reveals to men the real truth about their condition and their whole calling. The article analyses: whether God's salvation history realized by the mission of the Church is linked with its political aspects and whether the Church participating in creating the kingdom of God possesses political scope. [.]
The aim of the article is to discuss the possibilities of reducing the opposition between the Peasant Populists and the Church that have existed in parliamentary Lithuania during 1918–1926. To reach this aim the following objectives have been set: first, to reveal some aspects of political activities of the official Catholic Church and clergy which might have weakened the disagreement between the Catholic Church and the Peasant Populists; second, to present some problems of internal life of the clergy and clashes between the Catholic Church and laymen; finally, to reveal that there were possibilities to reduce the opposition not only in the activities of the official Catholic Church, but also the Peasant Populists. The research is based on the following sources: most information is gathered from the newspaper for the clergy "Ganytojas", Catholic newspaper "Žvaigždė" and the newspaper of the Peasant Populists "Lietuvos žinios". The documents of the Lithuanian State Historical Archives (stock 1671) are very important source for this article as well. The analysis has revealed that, on the one hand, the attitude of the Catholic Church towards political parties of parliamentary Lithuania (except Christian Democrats) was visibly negative. On the other hand, in public life official Catholic Church and its press tried to avoid open criticism of the political parties. Leader of various Catholic organisations, editor of "Ganytojas", Mykolas Vaitkus, though being an active participant in political processes, was able to critically evaluate problems inside the clergy. He acknowledged that "Lietuvos žinios" was an influential paper, despite the fact that it often criticized the institutional Church and priests. Some articles from this newspaper were favourably evaluated by M. Vaitkus in his reviews in "Ganytojas". [.]
The aim of the article is to discuss the possibilities of reducing the opposition between the Peasant Populists and the Church that have existed in parliamentary Lithuania during 1918–1926. To reach this aim the following objectives have been set: first, to reveal some aspects of political activities of the official Catholic Church and clergy which might have weakened the disagreement between the Catholic Church and the Peasant Populists; second, to present some problems of internal life of the clergy and clashes between the Catholic Church and laymen; finally, to reveal that there were possibilities to reduce the opposition not only in the activities of the official Catholic Church, but also the Peasant Populists. The research is based on the following sources: most information is gathered from the newspaper for the clergy "Ganytojas", Catholic newspaper "Žvaigždė" and the newspaper of the Peasant Populists "Lietuvos žinios". The documents of the Lithuanian State Historical Archives (stock 1671) are very important source for this article as well. The analysis has revealed that, on the one hand, the attitude of the Catholic Church towards political parties of parliamentary Lithuania (except Christian Democrats) was visibly negative. On the other hand, in public life official Catholic Church and its press tried to avoid open criticism of the political parties. Leader of various Catholic organisations, editor of "Ganytojas", Mykolas Vaitkus, though being an active participant in political processes, was able to critically evaluate problems inside the clergy. He acknowledged that "Lietuvos žinios" was an influential paper, despite the fact that it often criticized the institutional Church and priests. Some articles from this newspaper were favourably evaluated by M. Vaitkus in his reviews in "Ganytojas". [.]
The aim of the article is to discuss the possibilities of reducing the opposition between the Peasant Populists and the Church that have existed in parliamentary Lithuania during 1918–1926. To reach this aim the following objectives have been set: first, to reveal some aspects of political activities of the official Catholic Church and clergy which might have weakened the disagreement between the Catholic Church and the Peasant Populists; second, to present some problems of internal life of the clergy and clashes between the Catholic Church and laymen; finally, to reveal that there were possibilities to reduce the opposition not only in the activities of the official Catholic Church, but also the Peasant Populists. The research is based on the following sources: most information is gathered from the newspaper for the clergy "Ganytojas", Catholic newspaper "Žvaigždė" and the newspaper of the Peasant Populists "Lietuvos žinios". The documents of the Lithuanian State Historical Archives (stock 1671) are very important source for this article as well. The analysis has revealed that, on the one hand, the attitude of the Catholic Church towards political parties of parliamentary Lithuania (except Christian Democrats) was visibly negative. On the other hand, in public life official Catholic Church and its press tried to avoid open criticism of the political parties. Leader of various Catholic organisations, editor of "Ganytojas", Mykolas Vaitkus, though being an active participant in political processes, was able to critically evaluate problems inside the clergy. He acknowledged that "Lietuvos žinios" was an influential paper, despite the fact that it often criticized the institutional Church and priests. Some articles from this newspaper were favourably evaluated by M. Vaitkus in his reviews in "Ganytojas". [.]
Analyzing the contracts for the European Union Constitution we can observe there is not enough attention put on the religion and its essentiality. As far as Maastricht pact is concerned, there are no references to the religion; however, during the considerations of this contract there was a question risen about how important religion is for the European Union. Consequently, it was decided to follow European Human Rights convention. Under the agreement of Amsterdam, the religion discrimination was forbidden; however, it's not a significant achievement since Europe had substantial Christian roots. The Nice charter didn't issue resolutions favorable for the Church yet, it was decided that a person could be exempted from soldering due to his belief. Although, it was not a huge gain, faithful people got more rights.
Analyzing the contracts for the European Union Constitution we can observe there is not enough attention put on the religion and its essentiality. As far as Maastricht pact is concerned, there are no references to the religion; however, during the considerations of this contract there was a question risen about how important religion is for the European Union. Consequently, it was decided to follow European Human Rights convention. Under the agreement of Amsterdam, the religion discrimination was forbidden; however, it's not a significant achievement since Europe had substantial Christian roots. The Nice charter didn't issue resolutions favorable for the Church yet, it was decided that a person could be exempted from soldering due to his belief. Although, it was not a huge gain, faithful people got more rights.
Analyzing the contracts for the European Union Constitution we can observe there is not enough attention put on the religion and its essentiality. As far as Maastricht pact is concerned, there are no references to the religion; however, during the considerations of this contract there was a question risen about how important religion is for the European Union. Consequently, it was decided to follow European Human Rights convention. Under the agreement of Amsterdam, the religion discrimination was forbidden; however, it's not a significant achievement since Europe had substantial Christian roots. The Nice charter didn't issue resolutions favorable for the Church yet, it was decided that a person could be exempted from soldering due to his belief. Although, it was not a huge gain, faithful people got more rights.
The article analyses the discourse of calendar holidays in the Lithuanian periodicals of 1918–1940. The aim of the research is to find out the specifics of this discourse, its causes and effects on actual celebration of the holidays. The Lithuanian periodicals of 1918–1940 were analysed as the source of the research. The selection of newspapers included those representing official policy of the country during the interwar period (i.e. "Lietuva" and "Lietuvos aidas") and, for comparison, those representing the attitudes of other popular political parties of the period and had big printrun (i.e. "Lietuvos žinios" and "XX amžius"). Research methods that are used: qualitative analysis of the content, systematization, interpretation. The research coincide with the theoretical approach of social constructionism that all social phenomena (including understanding traditionalism of different holidays and their customs) are social constructs. It also supports the theoretical insights of Stuart Hall, who claim that the media is functioning in favour of the dominant ideology of the time which determines specific interpretations of events, as well as Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw's views maintaining that the media indicates what to think and what to think about it. Performed analysis of the publications shows that the publications of the interwar period paid exclusive attention to three celebrated holidays – Easter, Christmas and New Year. Other specific calendar days compared to these mentioned holidays were rarely distinguished. [.]
The article analyses the discourse of calendar holidays in the Lithuanian periodicals of 1918–1940. The aim of the research is to find out the specifics of this discourse, its causes and effects on actual celebration of the holidays. The Lithuanian periodicals of 1918–1940 were analysed as the source of the research. The selection of newspapers included those representing official policy of the country during the interwar period (i.e. "Lietuva" and "Lietuvos aidas") and, for comparison, those representing the attitudes of other popular political parties of the period and had big printrun (i.e. "Lietuvos žinios" and "XX amžius"). Research methods that are used: qualitative analysis of the content, systematization, interpretation. The research coincide with the theoretical approach of social constructionism that all social phenomena (including understanding traditionalism of different holidays and their customs) are social constructs. It also supports the theoretical insights of Stuart Hall, who claim that the media is functioning in favour of the dominant ideology of the time which determines specific interpretations of events, as well as Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw's views maintaining that the media indicates what to think and what to think about it. Performed analysis of the publications shows that the publications of the interwar period paid exclusive attention to three celebrated holidays – Easter, Christmas and New Year. Other specific calendar days compared to these mentioned holidays were rarely distinguished. [.]
The article analyses the discourse of calendar holidays in the Lithuanian periodicals of 1918–1940. The aim of the research is to find out the specifics of this discourse, its causes and effects on actual celebration of the holidays. The Lithuanian periodicals of 1918–1940 were analysed as the source of the research. The selection of newspapers included those representing official policy of the country during the interwar period (i.e. "Lietuva" and "Lietuvos aidas") and, for comparison, those representing the attitudes of other popular political parties of the period and had big printrun (i.e. "Lietuvos žinios" and "XX amžius"). Research methods that are used: qualitative analysis of the content, systematization, interpretation. The research coincide with the theoretical approach of social constructionism that all social phenomena (including understanding traditionalism of different holidays and their customs) are social constructs. It also supports the theoretical insights of Stuart Hall, who claim that the media is functioning in favour of the dominant ideology of the time which determines specific interpretations of events, as well as Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw's views maintaining that the media indicates what to think and what to think about it. Performed analysis of the publications shows that the publications of the interwar period paid exclusive attention to three celebrated holidays – Easter, Christmas and New Year. Other specific calendar days compared to these mentioned holidays were rarely distinguished. [.]
