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This article shows how certain practices in contempary art enrich the analysis and critical reflections on digital culture, taking art history and museology as two important issues. The training on cultural aspects of its Relational and participatory value in networks; the latter is related to the effects of this value in the visualisation and channelling of works of Article What is the nature of my appropriation of art when I'm invented to choose works, on a muster's website, to create "my collection," my art gallery, "my personal museum?" Does this type of invitation favours the democratisation of art knowledge? On the contrary, do these initiatives Replicate institutional principles that maintain the prescribing authority? Does participatory cyber museology present new issues that result in communal action? Alternatively, does it consistently reproduce the traditional canonisation process of works of art without permitting a critical reinterpretation? To address these questions, the theoretical analysis presents proposals, online, of works that original both from the public domain and from collections from large museums, Ranging from the artistic practices of Julia Weist to the Google Art Project. This article shows how certain contemporary art practices enrich the analysis and critical reflexion on numeric culture, in relation to two important issues in art history and museology. The first relates to the relational and participatory value of culture in resins; the second relates to the effects of this value in the visualisation and canonisation of works of art. What is my ownership of the art when I are invited to choose works, on a MUSEE website, to create 'my collection', 'my arcade of art', 'my personal MUSEE'? Does this type of invitation encourage the democratisation of art knowledge? Or, on the contrary, do these initiatives renew the institutional principles that maintain the power of the prescribing MUSEE? Does participatory cyber museology propose new challenges that lead to Community action? Or, if ...

669 688 60 3 ; S ; The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-011-0841-y FEC (Forward Error Correction) mechanisms improve IP content transmission reliability through the recovery of packets lost in transmission. Opposite to ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request), FEC mechanisms are especially suited to unidirectional environments or to multicast environments where multiple receivers perceived different channel losses, thus making difficult the implementation of mechanisms based on feedback information. Among the different types of FEC codes, this paper presents a thorough performance evaluation of LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) codes, based on an implementation developed by the authors, according to the specifications defined by RFC 5170 for the usage of LDPC codes by push content applications based on the FLUTE protocol. LDPC codes provide a good trade-off between performance and complexity, hence, they are appropriate for mobile applications. Contributions of this paper include tests conducted with commercial mobile phones connected to the push content download server over a Wi-Fi network. The evaluation highlights the advantages of using packet level FEC encoding in file transmission over unidirectional networks and provides with a comparison between two kinds of LDPC structures: Staircase and Triangle. This is accomplished by calculating the inefficiency ratio of these LDPC structures in different environments. Results show that the implemented LDPC codes can provide inefficiency ratios close to one when the different coding parameters (as the code rate or the number of blocks) are configured to an optimal value that depends on the packet loss rate. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade of the Government of Spain, under project "Redes Hibridas para la Provision de Servicios Turisticos" (TSI-020302-2010-165). De Fez Lava, I.; Fraile Gil, F.; Belda Ortega, R.; Guerri Cebollada, JC. (2012). ...

In today���s DH environment, where big data and linked data are increasingly the focus of scholars looking for ways to extend their research questions through more expansive and complementary datasets, what is the role of the individual research project? Is its value now truly in integration and association and aggregation with other datasets? I will be looking at the Records of Early English Drama project, which is in the process of articulating and implementing its digital identity. We are working to ensure that this decades-long project, comprising 23 collections in some 34 volumes with over 17,000 printed pages and multiple small born-digital editions of references dating from 1100-1650, is sustained not only in a data sense, but also maintaining the editorial, bibliographical and indexical processes that continue to serve as best practice for this archival, bibliographical project. REED is a big corpus but not necessarily big data, comprised as it is of records ranging from payments for performance to costume lists to legal ordinances and law suits to contracts. So how do we stabilize that data in order to share it with other research projects, and perhaps more importantly with prepare it for incorporation into the EMNS environment? I will be looking at how we extend from a patron-centric online resource (Patrons & Performances) to digging into individual records that include names of people who *might* have value to other scholars (local, regional, and national political and religious authorities, witnesses in legal cases, stewards an clerks in private households ��� ) Anticipating possible uses for such information while retrofitting the existing dataset we will be able to create moments for digital interlocution - if not fully linking data - across projects and resources.

International audience Background The acute nature of the COVID-19 pandemic has put a strain on health resources that are usually dedicated to chronic illnesses. Resulting changes in care practices and networks have had major repercussions on the experience of people with chronic disorders. Objective This paper presents the protocol of the Parcours, Associations, Réseau, Chronicité, Organisation, Usagers, Retour d'expérience, Soins (PARCOURS)-COVID study. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of reorganization of the health system on the usual care network of patients with chronic illness, which fosters and qualifies the quality and continuum of care provided. The first objective of this study is to document these patients' experiences through transformations and adaptations of their network, both in the practical dimension (ie, daily life and care) and subjective dimension (ie, psychosocial experience of illness and relationship to the health system). The second objective of the study is to understand and acknowledge these reorganizations during the COVID-19 lockdown and postlockdown periods. The third objective is to produce better adapted recommendations for patients with chronic illness and value their experience for the management of future health crisis. Methods The PARCOURS-COVID study is a qualitative and participatory research involving patient organizations as research partners and members of these organizations as part of the research team. Three group of chronic diseases have been selected regarding the specificities of the care network they mobilize: (1) cystic fibrosis and kidney disease, (2) hemophilia, and (3) mental health disorders. Four consecutive phases will be conducted, including (1) preparatory interviews with medical or associative actors of each pathology field; (2) in-depth individual interviews with patients of each pathology, analyzed using the qualitative method of thematic analysis; (3) results of both these phases will then be triangulated through interviews with ...

Summary A set Bh is a subset A of whole numbers with the property that all sums of h elements are different, except for summing swaps. The key problem is to determine the maximum cardinal value of a Bh set contained in the whole range [1, n]: Few constructions of whole Bh assemblies are known, including Singer [13], Bose-Chowla [3] and Gómez-Trujillo [7]. The concept of a Bh package can be extended to arbitrary groups. This article presents generalised constructions to groups coming from a body and produces a new construction of a B h s assembly at h 1 dimensions. ; Resumen Un conjunto Bh es un subconjunto A de números enteros con la propiedad que todas las sumas de h elementos son distintas, salvo permutaciones de los sumandos. El problema fundamental consiste en determinar el máximo cardinal de un conjunto Bh contenido en el intervalo entero [1, n] := {1, 2,3,., n}. Se conocen pocas construcciones de conjuntos Bh enteros, entre ellas se tienen la de Singer [13], Bose-Chowla [3] y Gómez-Trujillo [7]. El concepto de conjunto Bh se puede extender a grupos arbitrarios. En este articulo se presentan las construcciones generalizadas a los grupos que provienen de un cuerpo y se obtiene una nueva construcción de un conjunto B h + s en h + 1 dimensiones.

The recent evolution of cryptocurrencies has been characterized by bubble-like behavior and extreme volatility. While it is difficult to assess an intrinsic value to a specific cryptocurrency, one can employ recently proposed bubble tests that rely on recursive applications of classical unit root tests. This paper extends this approach to the case where volatility is time varying, assuming a deterministic long-run component that may take into account a decrease of unconditional volatility when the cryptocurrency matures with a higher market dissemination. Volatility also includes a stochastic short-run component to capture volatility clustering. The wild bootstrap is shown to correctly adjust the size properties of the bubble test, which retains good power properties. In an empirical application using 11 of the largest cryptocurrencies and the CRIX index, the general evidence in favor of bubbles is confirmed, but much less pronounced than under constant volatility.

Summary: Domestic or household work has been considered as an activity that does not bring value to the economies of the countries. The environment of discrimination in which people are exposed to this activity has resulted in a situation of vulnerability that affects mainly women, combined with the problems faced by this labour sector in a number of countries, since there is no legal framework or comprehensive public policies that, in terms used by the ILO, promote decent or decent work. The purpose of this study is to provide information on the very complex legal situation in which this group of workers develops on the basis of an analysis based on the comparative method of comparing various national laws governing domestic or household work in Latin America. As a result of this task, the aim is to set out the work and efforts of each country, in the legislative field, aimed at removing barriers to the formalisation of employment relationships and the exercise of human and labour rights, on the premise that every worker, regardless of the activity he or she carries out, must enjoy an environment free of discrimination, with access to employment and social security benefits. ; Resumen: El trabajo doméstico o del hogar se ha considerado como una actividad que no reporta un valor a la economía de los países. El ambiente de discriminación en el que se ven inmersas las personas que desempeñan esta actividad ha traído como consecuencia una situación de vulnerabilidad que afecta principalmente a mujeres, aunado a la problemática que enfrenta este sector laboral en diversos países, pues no se cuenta con el marco jurídico ni con políticas públicas integrales que propicien, en términos utilizados por la OIT, el trabajo digno o decente. Este estudio tiene como finalidad brindar información para dar a conocer la situación jurídica tan compleja en la que se desarrolla este grupo de trabajadores a partir de un análisis que tendrá como base el método comparativo de diversas legislaciones nacionales que regulan el trabajo ...

The authors of recent and pioneering studies on the value of ornamentum in the Middle Ages reaffirm the relationship of interdependence that ornamentation has with the entire decoration in which it is written, including its figurative images, an aspect too often set aside in the older historiography. Jean-Claude Bonne thus points out that 'the expressive aesthetic values of certain ornamental motifs, such as plants [.], demonstrate the meanings which they otherwise have in a tradition or which they acquire by association with meaningful sets 1.' It seems necessary to understand those reasons not marginally but as an integral and meaningful part of a 'general economy of ecclesial decoration 2'. Medieval ornamental, largely including plant patterns, has a unique beauty that fully contributes to the reflex power of a decor. It is also a vehicle for the enrichment of a more strictly discursive statement, of which it does not fall directly. The latter aspect of hermeneutics is not specific to the image and the plant, which will be referred to in this article, occupies that function to a considerable extent in the definition and, in a dependent manner, in exegesis. Indeed, it seems that the plant has the essential biblique function of metaphorising an abstract truth in parallel with a chronological narrative, which explains in particular its importance in the psaumes, cantique cantiques and parabolic statements: the plant-based pattern is essentially connected with a figurative discourse, the spiritual meaning of which it spells out and the aphoric principle is dictated. In view of its use in the context of the monumental decor, the ornamental value of the pattern appears to serve directly the possibility of abstraction in action by humans at the time of the intellective reception of the image. The background to this short monographic study reflects these general considerations. The purpose of the directive will be to link two closely related plant motives in their formal aspects and their theological values. Located ...

4.1 4.11 12 22 ; S ; [EN] This article aims to highlight the value of immersive panoramic photography, computerized drawing and traditional freehand drawing when representing the landscape, not only analyzing the particular interest inherent to each one of these techniques, but also underlining the added value that involves the integration of these three techniques when representing a landscape project. Architects learn to use most of the above mentioned representation methods, but photography seems to be the great absent in many of the curricula of the Spanish architecture schools. Therefore, in our lectures at Master¿s degree in Landscape, we emphasize the importance of photography as a representation technique and we show several panoramic photography techniques that are really useful in landscape representation. Panoramic landscape photography will help us to represent the landscape environment, since these panoramic images compose a starting canvas on which we can already work from an early phase of the project superimposing the elements that will conform the project, with the freshness spontaneity and dynamism that characterizes the freehand drawing. Later, when the project is mature, we can also superimpose more elaborate elements that can be carried out with the help of software tools that allow us a very detailed and precise definition. This methodology has an additional advantage, so the representations can complementarily be viewed interactively from a computer or mobile device or they can even be visualized immersively using a personal viewer such as the affordable Google Cardboard, which uses a Smartphone as a display. In order to illustrate the advantages and the interest of this integrative representation methodology, we will describe bellow the used techniques and tools, together with some results and application examples. Cabezos Bernal, PM.; Barros Da Rocha E Costa, HA.; Iñarra Abad, S. (2019). Symbiosis between panoramic photography, CGI and freehand drawing in landscape representation. ...

who has never been confronted with a telereal show that assesses a dress on another person, a meal for a group of guests, the value of an apartment, etc.? Who was not surprised to assess the reception in a restaurant as if he had to award him a star? The mystery client could be each of us. However, over time he has become an increasingly professionalised reporting officer. It even has its full place in a reflection on evaluation methods. It is no longer limited to the private sector or foreign countries. Belgium tends to implement the mystery survey in the public sector. This method has at least two functions: assess the quality of a (public) service offered and evaluate the public interventions themselves. However, to date, very few scientific publications on the analysis and/or evaluation of public policies have established the results, modalities, risks and strengths. Here the authors explain the implementation of the mystery client approach, identify the issues at stake, and question the ethical dimension for the evaluation of policies or programmes in the public sector. Three evaluation criteria are at the heart of their consideration: the relevance of the method, the quality of its implementation, and the ethical dilemma of its use. The legitimacy of the mystery client and the validity of his assessment are not given once and for all: precautions and beacons are important. Rigour in implementation is crucial. Ethical questions, however important, should not a priori be used as an alibi to evacuate the method from the outset. By involving stakeholders throughout the evaluation process, ensuring a climate of trust, matching the approach to the evaluation question, the evaluator may increase the likelihood of meaningful conclusions and recommendations at the end of the survey. In all cases, the mystery client device must be considered in the public interest and in the public interest. As it involves significant changes in organisational culture, how the public sector is designed, and the participatory ...

Summary: The text of the French Constitution of 1958 and the texts to which it refers do not expressly mention a right to housing. However, this was not an obstacle for the constitutional judge to enshrine an objective of constitutional value: the possibility for everyone to have decent housing. This mechanism, which is specific to French law, is sui generis integrated into the rules and principles of reference for review of constitutionality — the so-called constitutional-block. This text questions the nature and scope of this constitutional objective. As a first step, its establishment is analysed. Secondly, we concentrate on its primary purpose: frame the legislation. Finally, the main contentious consequences have been studied. It is true that the predator finds this constitutional objective anchored in paragraphs 10 and 11 of the Preamble of 1946 and the principle of the dignity of the person. In turn, the objective of constitutional value operates teleologically, for the future, leading to limited progressivity and a possible sanction for unconstitutional omission. Their implementation implies certain tensions with the right to property and other rights and freedoms. ; Resumen: El texto de la Constitución francesa de 1958 y los textos a los que ella envía no mencionan expresamente un derecho a la vivienda. Sin embargo, ello no fue obstáculo para que el juez constitucional consagre un objetivo de valor constitucional: la posibilidad de toda persona de disponer de una vivienda digna. Este mecanismo, propio al derecho galo, se integra de manera sui generis a las reglas y principios de referencia del control de constitucionalidad -el llamado bloque de constitucionalidad-. El presente texto se interroga sobre la naturaleza y alcances de dicho objetivo constitucional. En un primer momento, es analizada la consagración del mismo. En segundo término, nos concentramos sobre su vocación primera: encuadrar la legislación. Finalmente, son estudiadas sus principales consecuencias contenciosas. Ciertamente, el pretor ...

RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar y analizar las principales fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas que influyen en la actividad apícola en pequeña escala. Se realizó una encuesta por muestreo estratificado. La estimación de indicadores y el estudio se basaron en el procedimiento del análisis FODA. Como resultado, las matrices MEFE y MEFI evidenciaron respuestas satisfactorias, es decir, la apicultura es una actividad pecuaria con ventajas para su práctica. Esta actividad tiene implicaciones socioeconómicas: es rentable y, con apoyo institucional, sería un detonador de la economía local y regional. El valor de este trabajo consiste en presentar propuestas de mejora, que resultaron del análisis FODA, las cuales son de capital importancia para el fortalecimiento de la actividad apícola en la región. Se concluye que la capitalización de la apicultura favorecerá su modernización tecnológica y empresarial, lo que se traduciría en una mayor competitividad.

19 37 4 1 ; S ; [EN] At the present, the concept of `startup¿ has been rapidly and globally spread. Startups are emerging companies with scalable business models, generally linked to innovation and technological developments, mass sales oriented and then designed to grow fast. The profitability derived from their development leads a large number of entrepreneurs and investors to participate towards their expansion. However, it is significant the number of startups that are dissolved each year, as only one out of ten emerging companies continue operative after three years of operation, which is mainly due to the value proposition and financial needs inherent to its development. Therefore, in order to promote their growth, several actors have been created, who represent currently the international entrepreneurial ecosystem. The aim of this article is not only to develop the concept of startup, but to study the evolution of investment and its geographical distribution, identifying those agents that have arisen in response to the expansion and development of these new companies. ; [ES] En la actualidad, se ha extendido rápida y globalmente el concepto de `startup¿. Se trata de empresas emergentes con modelos de negocio escalables, asociadas generalmente a la innovación y al desarrollo de tecnologías e internet y orientadas a la masificación de las ventas, diseñadas para escalar velozmente. La rentabilidad derivada de su desarrollo atrae a gran cantidad de emprendedores e inversores. Sin embargo, el número de startups que se disuelven anualmente es significativamente alto, solo una de cada diez empresas emergentes sigue activa tras tres años de funcionamiento, debiéndose principalmente a la propuesta de valor y las necesidades financieras inherentes a su desarrollo. En consecuencia, con la finalidad de promover su crecimiento, se han creado numerosos actores que en la actualidad representan el ecosistema emprendedor internacional. A través de este trabajo, se persigue desarrollar el concepto de startup, estudiar la ...

157 173 329 ; S ; [EN] The Cluster Value Theorem is known for being a weak version of the classical Corona Theorem. Given a Banach space X, we study the Cluster Value Problem for the ball algebra A(u)(B-X), the Banach algebra of all uniformly continuous holomorphic functions on the unit ball B-X; and also for the Frechet algebra H-b(X) of holomorphic functions of bounded type on X (more generally, for H-b(U), the algebra of holomorphic functions of bounded type on a given balanced open subset U subset of X). We show that Cluster Value Theorems hold for all of these algebras whenever the dual of X has the bounded approximation property. These results are an important advance in this problem, since the validity of these theorems was known only for trivial cases (where the spectrum is formed only by evaluation functionals) and for the infinite dimensional Hilbert space. As a consequence, we obtain weak analytic Nullstellensatz theorems and several structural results for the spectrum of these algebras. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. This work was partially supported by projects CONICET PIP 11220130100329CO, ANPCyT PICT 2015-2299, ANPCyT PICT-2015-3085, ANPCyT PICT-2015-2224, UBACyT 20020130300057BA, UBACyT 20020130300052BA, UBACyT 20020130100474BA and MINECO and FEDER Project MTM2014-57838-C2-2-P. Carando, D.; Galicer, D.; Muro, S.; Sevilla Peris, P. (2018). Cluster values for algebras of analytic functions. Advances in Mathematics. 329:157-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aim.2017.08.030

One of the biggest economic benefits of schooling are labor market earnings. For many people, education and experience are their only assets. This is why I believe that it's very important to know the economic benefits of investments in schooling. The rate of return equates the value of lifetime earnings to the net present value of costs of education. For an investment to be justified, the returns should be positive and higher than the alternative. For the individual, weighing costs and benefits means investing as long as the rate of return exceeds the private discount rate.