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The ability to exchange secret information is critical to many commercial, governmental, and military networks. The intrinsically secure communications graph (iS-graph) is a random graph which describes the connections that can be securely established over a large-scale network, by exploiting the physical properties of the wireless medium. This paper provides an overview of the main properties of this new class of random graphs. We first analyze the local properties of the iS-graph, namely the degree distributions and their dependence on fading, target secrecy rate, and eavesdropper collusion. To mitigate the effect of the eavesdroppers, we propose two techniques that improve secure connectivity. Then, we analyze the global properties of the iS-graph, namely percolation on the infinite plane, and full connectivity on a finite region. These results help clarify how the presence of eavesdroppers can compromise secure communication in a large-scale network.

"As with any human population, early hunter-gatherers in North America spent much of their time and energy on securing a reliable food supply. One efficient means of doing this involved the use of large-scale traps, designed to concentrate large numbers of prey animals for easier slaughter. This important new research from Bryan Hockett and Eric Dillingham examines the archaeological evidence for large-scale traps (defined by the authors as "rock and/or wood features constructed through group or communal effort to trap or ambush migrating artiodactyls" such as bighorn sheep or pronghorn antelope). Focusing their inquiry on the Great Basin region of eastern California, western Utah, and Nevada, Hockett and Dillingham nevertheless draw conclusions from their study that may inform similar research in other parts of the world. With ample color illustrations as well as informative maps, drawings, and tables, this careful study of ancient communal hunting practices offers important insights drawn from some of the oldest large-scale trap structures in the world. Large-Scale Traps of the Great Basin will occupy an important place in the literature of the early inhabitants of North America"--

In this paper, human security-related causes of large-scale forced migration (LSFM) in Africa are investigated for the period 2011–2017. As distinct from the conventional understanding of (national) security, human security involves economic, public health, environmental and other aspects of people's wellbeing. Testing various hypotheses, we have found that civil and interstate conflicts, lack of democracy and poverty are the most important drivers of mass population displacements, whereas climate change has an indirect effect on the dependent variable. As a policy tool, foreign aid is also tested to see if it lowers the probability of LSFM. Our findings have implications for policy planning, since the conventional understanding of security falls short of addressing LSFM without taking various aspects of human security into account.

In 1964, the situation in Cyprus gave cause for alarm and the ICRC decided to intervene by providing relief to the victims of the disturbances. The International Review has published many details of this action and of the humanitarian work carried out by the International Committee delegates for the benefit of those in need on both sides. There is therefore no point in going over old ground, but we would like to give below some figures which convey an idea of the scope of the relief action.

In a large-scale replication effort, Klein et al. (2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245918810225) investigate the variation in replicability and effect size across many different samples and settings. The authors concluded that, for any given effect being studied, heterogeneity across samples and settings does not explain failures to replicate. In the current commentary, we argue that the heterogeneity observed indeed has implications for replication failures, as well as for statistical power and theory development. We argue that psychological scientific research questions should be contextualized—considering how historical, political, or cultural circumstances might affect study results. We discuss how a perspectivist approach to psychological science is a fruitful way for designing research that aims to explain effect size heterogeneity. ; peerReviewed ; publishedVersion

In a large-scale replication effort, Klein et al. (2018, https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245918810225) investigate the variation in replicability and effect size across many different samples and settings. The authors concluded that, for any given effect being studied, heterogeneity across samples and settings does not explain failures to replicate. In the current commentary, we argue that the heterogeneity observed indeed has implications for replication failures, as well as for statistical power and theory development. We argue that psychological scientific research questions should be contextualized—considering how historical, political, or cultural circumstances might affect study results. We discuss how a perspectivist approach to psychological science is a fruitful way for designing research that aims to explain effect size heterogeneity.

Introduction / Michael Oborne -- Ch. 1. Lessons learned / Reza Lahidji -- Ch. 2. Key issues. 1. Economic recovery from past disasters / Patrick Lenain ; 2. Budgetary impact / Patrick Lenain ; 3. Impact on insurance and financial markets / Sebastian Schich ; 4. An insurance perspective on disaster management / Cécile Vignial-Denain ; Compensation issues / Cécile Vignial-Denain ; 6. Housing and reconstruction / Josef Konvitz ; 7. Lessons learned from nuclear accidents / Edward Lazo -- Ch. 3. Case Study. The 1999 Marmara earthquakes in Turkey / Vedat Akgiray, Gula Barbarasoglu and Mustafa Erdik -- Bibliography of recent OECD work in related areas