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In this thesis, we evaluate the complexity and understandability of compliance languages. First, to calculate the complexity, we apply established software metrics and interpret the results with respect to the languages' expressiveness. Second, to investigate the languages' understandability, we use a cognitive model of the human problem-solving process and analyze how efficiently users perform a compliance modeling task. Our results have theoretical and practical implications that give directions for the development of compliance languages, and rule-based languages in general.

In this thesis, we evaluate the complexity and understandability of compliance languages. First, to calculate the complexity, we apply established software metrics and interpret the results with respect to the languages' expressiveness. Second, to investigate the languages' understandability, we use a cognitive model of the human problem-solving process and analyze how efficiently users perform a compliance modeling task. Our results have theoretical and practical implications that give directions for the development of compliance languages, and rule-based languages in general.

The fruit : into their lunch bag to teach relevance and globalization with food -- The seed : using learning objectives to build a course -- The hatchet : wielding critique to reconsider periodization and place -- The llama : recruiting animals to blend nature and culture -- The fields : science and going outside -- The land : sense of place, recognition of spirit -- The power : energy and water regimes -- The people : environmental justice, slow violence, and project-based learning -- The tools : using technology to enhance evironmental history -- The test : assessment methods, rubrics, and writing

Argues that single irrigation systems managed by autonomous system-specific organizations accountable to their customers, perform better and are more sustainable than those managed by agencies dependent on the government, or by agencies responsible for multiple systems. Selected cases are reviewed and the plausibility of this hypothesis established. General recommendations are made for policy makers designing irrigation reform programs.

Part 5: IT in the Public Sector ; International audience ; Information is considered as a prerequisite for development in today's world. This belief has led to several measures to make information freely available to the citizens. Use of ICTs for development is a step in that direction, as they are expected to make communication more democratic and easy, leading to developmental outcomes. It is estimated that 60% of all ICT projects in Asia are located in India. Many players - national and state governments, private business organizations and civil society groups are engaged in their implementation. Despite huge investments, studies indicate that the developmental use of such projects is very low. ICTs for development projects have been studied using diverse tools and theories. Failure has been attributed to several factors including various types of barriers, faulty institutions, and technology related issues. This paper places analysis on ICTD projects within the context of CPR (Common Pool Resources) studies. In recent years, the definition of CPR has been expanded to include information as "new commons" and robust institutions are deemed essential for survival of all CPRs. In this paper, ICT based development projects have been interpreted as CPR institutions and CPR design principles have been used to explain the functioning of two ICTD projects. Both these studies were carried out in the state of Uttarakahnd, India and analysis is confined to use of agricultural information by the farming community.

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled rapid enhancements for applications, not only in home and environment scenarios, but also in factory automation. Now, Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) offers all the advantages of IoT to industry, with applications ranging from remote sensing and actuating, to de-centralization and autonomy. In this book, the editor presents the IIoT and its place during the new industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) as it takes us to a better, sustainable, automated, and safer world. The book covers the cross relations and implications of IIoT with existing wired/wireless communication/networking and safety technologies of the Industrial Networks. Moreover, the book includes practical use-case scenarios from the industry for the application of IIoT on smart factories, smart cities, and smart grids. IoT-driven advances in commercial and industrial building lighting and in street lighting are presented as an example to shed light on the application domain of IIoT. The state of the art in Industrial Automation is also presented to give a better understanding of the enabling technologies, potential advantages, and challenges of the Industry 4.0 and IIoT. Finally, yet importantly, the security section of the book covers the cyber-security related needs of the IIoT users and the services that might address these needs. User privacy, data ownership, and proprietary information handling related to IIoT networks are all investigated. Intrusion prevention, detection, and mitigation are all covered at the conclusion of the book.

Despite a considerable scholarly interest in differentiated integration (DI) as a design option, the literature on the topic is fragmented and unsystematic. The present paper fills this gap by developing a novel analytical framework to inform the assessment and design of international integration schemes based on seven evaluative criteria (feasibility, overall benefits, substantive fairness, procedural fairness, acceptance, sustainability, and overall desirability) and related design principles (maximization or satisfaction) and empirical indicators. It then applies it to the available theoretical and empirical literature on various models of international integration to identify the comparative strengths and weaknesses of internal DI and external DI. In light of the predominantly normative and highly controversial nature of the assessment process, the analysis suggests that the best way to design efficient and legitimate DI schemes is to ensure their responsiveness to democratic preferences and decision-making procedures at the national or EU level. ; This publication is part of the InDivEU project which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 822304. The content of this document represents only the views of the InDivEU consortium and is its sole responsibility. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains.