Suchergebnisse

Through a critical review of economic base theory, it is argued in this paper that the ability of locally-oriented activities to prevent income from leaking out of an area can be seen as as important to local economic development as the external income-generating function of outward-oriented industries. Given this, consumer-service activities are posited to contribute to the development of a local economy not only in the much neglected role of basic activities which attract external income but also in the nonbasic locally-oriented role of curbing the seepage of income out of an area. With use of a case study of the East Anglian Fens rural economy, the extent to which the consumer-service sector fulfils these functions in practice is investigated, revealing the positive role of these services in local economic development both as generators of external income and as leakage preventers.

Presents a preliminary appraisal of the economic, social equity, & community-building objectives of Local Exchange & Trading Systems (LETS) in GB. The purpose of LETS is to enable people to trade goods & services without using national currency. Mail questionnaires were completed by 63 residents of Totnes, GB, in 1995 regarding what form of work they would have used had they not employed LETS. It is found that (1) the membership of the Totnes LETS is disproportionately unemployed, (2) LETS provide economic benefits to them, & (3) LETS show potential to build community. It is concluded that LETS should be developed among deprived populations & their size should be increased; changes in public policy toward LETS are required. 3 Tables, 36 References. Adapted from the source document.

Explanations for the rise of minority nationalist movements in advanced industrial societies tend toward being statist in character. In this paper, the procedures are examined by which minorities in Quebec and Wales have sought to offer an alternative basis for the legitimisation of group rights and participation within the state structures. Attention is drawn to the pivotal role of language reproduction in these case studies and to the implications for the survival of the minority culture of this new form of local state dependency. Though the tangible benefits which have accrued to the minorities as a result of nationalist mobilisation are acknowledged, disquiet is expressed as to the primacy given to language-related policies and to the future prospect of extending the legitimacy of the minority tongue from public to private domains. In this respect, Quebec offers a more integrative pattern than Wales, where language intrusion is causing conflict within the Welsh-speaking minority and is creating new sources of class-based friction. However, it is concluded that both in Wales and in Quebec the reform of language policy is part of a wider restructuring of social and political relationships. Further research is clearly needed on the economic implications of language planning and on the class restructuring which postwar developments have produced within the Welsh and Québecois societies.

A task was constructed to compare performance on a horizontal to that of a vertical array of 3-digit numbers. 16 Ss were required to scan arrays of pairs of numbers and mark the pairs that contained nonidentical members. The average time required to complete the vertical array was 73 sec and 44 sec. for the horizontal. The finding that an average of 66% more time was spent on the vertical than on the horizontal array is significant at the .005 level.