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AbstractAn analysis of the occurrence book entries from a police station in urban Belfast, and from a rural area of Northern Ireland are presented. Both areas are subject to high levels of civil unrest. A considerable service element is identified in the range of entries from both urban and rural areas. Analysis of the sources of entries revealed a high level of public involvement in reporting incidents, etc. The data are discussed in terms of the development of a descriptive analysis of policing.

A survey of the present state of mathematical pol'al theory. With one exception, all the theories examined are examples of a single distinctive approach to pol'al theory--the rational choice or econ approach: (1) social choice: the impossibility theorem; (2) soc decisions based on preference intensities; (3) the logical structure of majority rule; (4) conditions for equilibrium, esp under majority rule; (5) spatial models of collective decision-making; (6) spatial models of party competition; (7) strategic voting; (8) bargaining; (9) arbitration schemes; (10) theories of the bargaining process; (11) theories of coalition formation; (12) game theory & coalitions; (13) games of pure opposition; (14) arms races & arms control. (A comprehensive Bibliog is attached.) IPSA.

This article analyzes what we term the "televised sport debate format" exemplified in shows such as Pardon the Interruption and First Take. This design borrows from established formats in political television such as Firing Line, Crossfire, and Hannity and Colmes, and is characterized by mostly male hosts debating a range of salient events, often with an animated, argumentative tone. This article identifies the convergence of factors influencing the growth of the televised sport debate by focusing on the industrial and political contexts in which these programs emerged. We examine the commercial and cultural realities that created the space for ESPN's debate programs, and how ESPN (and then its competitors) sought to exploit that space. In the second half of the article, we explain the political context within and beyond sport that opened the cultural and ideological spaces for ESPN and its competitors to subtly reshape the televised sport debate format to appeal more directly to race- and gender-based grievances. We show how these realities, combined with ESPN's presentational strategies, express deep-seated racial tensions, both within the institutional culture of ESPN and in the wider sphere of U.S. culture. We conclude by asking what these shifts mean for the future of sports television programming strategies, and the politics that both inform them and are informed by them.

AbstractIn this address, I argue that the Southern Resident Killer Whale (SRKW) population has been negatively affected by commercial vessel traffic, tied to international trade, in the post‐1998 period. I present new data showing a dramatic increase in both the volume of kilometres travelled and the composition of vessel traffic in the Salish Sea. By exploiting recent work in biology linking vessel noise to changes in foraging and socializing behaviour, I argue that these changes have degraded their habitat significantly. Moreover, because SRKWs and Northern Resident Killer Whales (NRKWs) share prey, this negative vessel disturbance shock to the SRKW is magnified by the existence of across‐population competition. Vessel disturbance magnified by competition for prey has placed the SRKW on a slow‐motion path towards extinction.

In the sixteenth century, North America contained 25 to 30 million buffalo; by the late nineteenth century fewer than 100 remained. While removing the buffalo east of the Mississippi took over 100 years, the remaining 10 to 15 million buffalo on the Great Plains were killed in a punctuated slaughter lasting little more than ten years. I employ theory, international trade statistics, and first-person accounts to argue the slaughter was initiated by a foreign-made innovation and fueled by a foreign demand for industrial leather. European demand and American policy failure are jointly responsible for the "Slaughter on the Plains." (JEL F14, N51, N71, Q57)

In the face of emerging technology, the Fourth Amendment's guarantee of protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is especially susceptible to erosion. As Justice Scalia wrote in Kyllo v. United States, "[i]t would be foolish to contend that the degree of privacy secured to citizens by the Fourth Amendment has been entirely unaffected by the advance of technology." In Katz v. United States, technology compelled a dramatic shift in the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Fourth Amendment. Prior to Katz, the Court generally interpreted the Fourth Amendment to prevent only the search and seizure of tangible things, and looked to areas of the common law, such as trespass, to determine whether government action violated Fourth Amendment rights. Katz marked a transition from the limited protection of tangible property to a broader concept of privacy.