Suchergebnisse

Various theories of ethnic nationalism are distinguished, including biosocial, modernization, Marxist/Leninist, internal colonial, ethnic pluralism, microsocial (eg, rational-choice), systems theories, & multivariate models. Ethnic nationalism is complex & does not lend itself to simplistic explanation. Rational calculation may be abandoned when highly valued goals or sacred symbols are threatened. Theories must take into account levels of technological & economic development, relative power relations, the role of elites, boundary maintenance, the effects of internal & external war, & strategies of containment by dominant strata. There has been a resurgence in ethnic nationalism because of the declining power of existing states relative to the superpowers, military alliances, the global economy, multinational companies, & supranational agencies, eg, judicial bodies & human rights tribunals. 3 Illustrations, 45 References. Modified AA

Les immigrants Caraïbéens en Grande-Bretagne et au Canada
A.H. RICHMOND
En 1981, environ 295 000 personnes nées dans les Caraïbes vivaient en Grande-Bretagne et 211 000 au Canada. Il faut y ajouter une deuxième génération d'environ 250 000 (en Grande-Bretagne) et 50 000 (au Canada). L'immigration au Canada atteignit son maximum en 1961 en Grande-Bretagne et en 1974 au Canada. Ce dernier pays fut plus sélectif et privilégia les personnes instruites. D'Haïti viennent des immigrants francophones. On observe une ségrégation résidentielle marquée dans les villes de Londres et Birmingham, et une plus grande dispersion à Montréal et Toronto.
Les jeunes noirs, dans l'un et l'autre pays, sont confrontés à des problèmes de chômage de plus en plus sérieux.

Cultural & societal conflicts linked to the process of migration are examined. Level of education is proposed as the greatest determinant of sociocultural adaptation, & more attention to teaching proficiency in the host country language is needed to enable full use of an immigrant's previous training & experience. Ethnically homogeneous social networks existing after migration are also explored; while preservation of minority subcultures is important, a powerful network tends to retard occupational mobility & acculturation. Global economic crises also aggravate immigrant acculturation problems, through increased hostility of the indigenous population resulting from job competition & cutbacks of governmental programs designed to help the underprivileged. Social & educational policies aimed at countering discrimination are the primary goals to be met by agencies concerned with immigration. 28 References. R. McCarthy.