Suchergebnisse

Christian congregations strive to be caring and inspirational communities, but women who lead them often face challenges to their well-being not experienced by their male counterparts. We conducted a study of leadership challenges among female pastors, administering a survey to a sample of 102 Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) pastors. The results suggest that pastors are not isolated from the types of gender discrimination females experience outside of the church. The insights gained can be useful to church leaders, clergy, seminarians, congregants, and those generally interested in gender dynamics and effective leadership strategies.

AbstractBeginning with Leonora Barry of the Knights of Labor, women in the labor movement have envisioned class action as a means of overcoming sexual harassment. Drawing upon Brooke Meredith Beloso's emphasis on the "class constitution of gender and sexuality" and "gendered and sexual constitution of class," this essay considers four historical phases—the Gilded Age, the Progressive Era, the Great Depression and Second World War, and the present era since the 1970s—to maintain the value of class as an analytic category in understanding sexual harassment and resistance to it in the history of American capitalism. Attentive to gender and race, it contests perspectives that erase or subordinate class while in turn seeking to situate class within a full-spectrum intersectionality. Bringing class back in reveals sexual harassment to be one form of the enactment of class, not merely gender. Although sexual harassment can in no way be reduced to class, class shapes sexual harassment and sexual harassment shapes class.

This is the first detailed narrative history of the genesis of New York City teacher unionism between 1912 and 1916, a crucial contributor to the formation of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT). In charting the process leading from the founding of The American Teacher in 1912 through the creation of the Teachers' League in 1913 to the Teachers Union in 1916, historians have assumed that male Jewish radical high school teachers were prime movers, but primary school and women teachers were often a majority. Maternity leave, freedom of speech, and pensions proved galvanizing, not bread-and-butter issues alone. Above all, teachers sought to supplant managerial autocracy in school administration with democratic self-management. At the movement's core were socialists and feminists, but their democratic aspirations did not make them isolated radical outliers. Rather they were acting on dreams of workers' control evident in much of the labor movement in the Progressive Era.

In this introduction I set the scene for the five full papers that appear in this special issue. Noting the lack of major overlaps in the concerns of different strands of literature as they address issues of urban economic informality, I argue the need for an interdisciplinary dialogue for uncovering aspects of the ingenuity, innovation and inventiveness found among informal businesses in the global South. I also argue the need to move beyond polar opposite perspectives on the radical inventiveness of businesses on the one hand and the purely imitative or survivalist behaviour of businesses on the other hand.