Suchergebnisse

We analyzed data on non-fatal occupational injuries reported to Malaysia's social security organization from 2002 to 2006. There was a decrease in both the absolute number and the incidence rates of these injuries over time. About 40% of cases occurred in the manufacturing sector followed by the service (17%) and trading (17%) sectors. The agriculture sector reported the highest incidence rate (24.1/1,000), followed by the manufacturing sector subcategories of wood-product manufacturing (22.1/1,000) and non-metallic industries (20.8/1,000). Men age 40 to 59 and persons of Indian ethnicity had a greater tendency to sustain injuries. Government and non-governmental organizations should strive to develop strategies to reduce the occupational injuries targeting vulnerable groups. Enforcement of safety measures will further play an important role to ensure that both employees and employers take special precautions to address workplace hazards.

On-surface synthesis is becoming an increasingly popular approach to obtain new organic materials. In this context, metallic surfaces are the most commonly used substrates. However, their hybridization with the adsorbates often hinder a proper characterization of the molecule's intrinsic electronic and magnetic properties. Here we report a route to electronically decouple molecules from their supporting substrates. In particular, we have used a Ag(001) substrate and hydrogenated heptacene molecules, in which the longest conjugated segment determining its frontier molecular orbitals amounts to five consecutive rings. The non-planarity that sp3 atoms impose on the carbon backbone results in electronically decoupled molecules, as demonstrated by scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements. The charging resonances of the latter imply the presence of double tunneling barriers. We further explain the existing relation between the charging resonance energy and their contrast, as well as with the presence or absence of additional Kondo resonances. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement Nos. 635919 (ERC-StG), 837225 (ERC-PoC), and 766864 (FET-Open), from the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Grant Nos. MAT2016-78293-C6, PID2019-104815GB-I00 and PID2019-107338RB-C63), from AGAUR (2017 SGR 1257), and from the CERCA,Program/Generalitat de Catalunya. ; Peer reviewed

Abstract
Background
The safety assessment in site selection for a new nuclear power plant is an essential issue for human health. It could be improved by predicting the consequences for a hypothetical accident. This paper is contextual with the nuclear safety regarding the risk upon human health from the hazard constituted by the emission of radioactive material due to a hypothetical nuclear power plant accident. HYSPLIT model used and configured based on terrestrial and meteorological conditions for this purpose.

Results
It presents an analysis of the time-series and spatial distribution for dispersed radioactive contaminants from a hypothetical accident at Baiji potential site. This is based on the geological and meteorological specifications of the potential site. Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model configured to simulate the atmospheric dispersion of fission emissions, then assesses the public health consequences of a hypothetical nuclear accident. Results indicate that the total individual dose intake by the population living around the potential site from the hypothetical accident exceeded 1 Sv, greater than the allowed dose limits by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The probability of cancer incidence at regions on directions of southeast to northeast along 30 km from the potential site was high (0.0378 to 0.00131) risk/person. However, the areas that laid on the west and south-west of the site recorded higher levels of influence compared to regions on other directions. Also, the reduction of exposure dose with the distance from the site presented. The north-direction regions from the Baiji site recorded a rapid reduction of exposure dose to become zero at 40 km distance.

Conclusions
Finally, to minimize the radiological impacts on population, emergency procedures are required at the regions that laid on the west and south-west of the site. These countermeasure remedy actions should include evacuation, sheltering, ban the sale of local agriculture productions, and long-range resettlement of the population. Since the plume of radioactive contaminants did not arrive at the regions on east and northeast, 40 km away from Baiji site, these areas could be categorized as a support zone.

Combining on-surface synthetic methods with the power of scanning tunneling microscopy to characterize novel materials at the single molecule level, we show how to steer the reactivity of one anthracene-based precursor towards different product nanostructures. Whereas using a Au(111) surface with three-fold symmetry results in the dominant formation of a starphene derivative, the two-fold symmetry of a reconstructed Au(110) surface allows the selective growth of non-benzenoid linear conjugated polymers. We further assess the electronic properties of each of the observed product structures via tunneling spectroscopy and DFT calculations, altogether advancing the synthesis and characterization of molecular structures of notable scientific interest that have been only scarcely investigated to date, as applies both to starphenes and to non-benzenoid conjugated polymers. ; We acknowledge funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 programme (Grant Agreement No. 635919 and 863098), from the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Grant No. MAT2016-78293-C6, PID2019-107338RB-C63, PID2019-107338RB-C66 and FIS2017-83780-P), Xunta de Galicia (Centro singular de investigación de Galicia, accreditation 2019–2022, ED431G 2009/03), Dep. Educación of the Basque Government and UPV/EHU (Grant No. IT-756-13), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). ; Peer reviewed

Trabajo presentado al Symposium on Surface Science (3S), celebrado en Austria del 1 al 7 de marzo de 2020. ; We acknowledge funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 programme (Grant Agreement Nos. 635919 and 863098 from ERC and FET Open projects, respectively), from the Spanish MINECO (Grant Nos. FIS2017-83780-P and MAT2016-78293-C6) and from the University of the Basque Country (Grant IT1246-19). D. G. O. thanks the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for supporting his research stay at the MPI, and Klaus Kern for hosting him. ; Peer reviewed

Achieving the Ag(001)-supported synthesis of heptacene from two related reactants reveals the effect of the presence of Br atoms on the reaction process. The properties of reactants, intermediates and end-products are further characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. ; We acknowledge funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 programme (Grant Agreement No. 635919), and from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO, Grant No. MAT2016-78293-C6, MAT2015-66888-C3-2-R), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/FEDER, UE (CTQ2016-75960-P), the AGAUR (2017 SGR 1257), and the CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya. ; Peer reviewed

This article is part of the themed collection: 2020 Chemical Science HOT Article Collection. ; Fine management of chiral processes on solid surfaces has progressed over the years, yet still faces the need for the controlled and selective production of advanced chiral materials. Here, we report on the use of enantiomerically enriched molecular building blocks to demonstrate the transmission of their intrinsic chirality along a sequence of on-surface reactions. Triggered by thermal annealing, the on-surface reactions induced in this experiment involve firstly the coupling of the chiral reactants into chiral polymers and subsequently their transformation into planar prochiral graphene nanoribbons. Our study reveals that the axial chirality of the reactant is not only transferred to the polymers, but also to the planar chirality of the graphene nanoribbon end products. Such chirality transfer consequently allows, starting from adequate enantioenriched reactants, for the controlled production of chiral and prochiral organic nanoarchitectures with pre-defined handedness. ; We acknowledge funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Programme (Grant Agreement No. 635919 ("SURFINK") and 863098 ("SPRING")), from the Spanish MINECO (Grant No. MAT2016-78293-C6), Xunta de Galicia (Centro singular de investigación de Galicia, accreditation 2016–2019, ED431G/09), and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). ; Peer reviewed