Older adults' social participation and social relationship and association with partner's cognition: a latent profile analysis
In: China population and development studies, Band 7, Heft 4, S. 418-437
ISSN: 2523-8965
96 Ergebnisse
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In: China population and development studies, Band 7, Heft 4, S. 418-437
ISSN: 2523-8965
In: Materials and design, Band 226, S. 111668
ISSN: 1873-4197
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 12, S. 18298-18299
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 28, Heft 46, S. 65052-65061
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: China economic review, Band 66, S. 101594
ISSN: 1043-951X
In: International journal of population data science: (IJPDS), Band 5, Heft 5
ISSN: 2399-4908
IntroductionCapture of obesity using administrative health data is poor, with many cases being under coded within the data. Linking multiple health data sources may improve case ascertainment and facilitate the use of administrative health data for obesity research and surveillance.
Objectives and ApproachThis research aims to determine if using individual-level linked data from multiple sources can improve case ascertainment for obesity in administrative health data. Data from between April 1, 2001 and March 31, 2015 were obtained from the Manitoba Population Data Repository. Eighteen obesity case definitions were developed with different observation times and combinations of diagnosis, procedure, and prescription codes from physician billing claims, hospitalization abstracts, and prescription drug records. Body mass index (BMI) records from primary care data and the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) registry were used for validation. Sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen's kappa were calculated.
ResultsIndividuals with a higher BMI class had more physician visits and were more likely to have comorbidities and obese codes in the administrative health data. A higher BMI class was associated with being in a lower income quintile and the age group 40-59. Overall, the case definitions for obesity had high specificity (0.98-0.99) and low sensitivity (0.005-0.19) when validated using primary care data. Case definitions with obesity codes from multiple databases 3 year prior to and including the index date had the highest sensitivity (0.06-0.19) and kappa (0.04-0.23). Results with the BMD data were similar (specificity: 0.97-0.99; sensitivity: 0.007-0.21). Stratified analyses found agreement measures improved slightly for females, those who had chronic conditions and a later index year, and the age group 40-59.
Conclusion / ImplicationsWhen using multiple databases to build a case definition for obesity, sensitivity improves but remains low. Individuals with other chronic conditions and a higher BMI class were more likely to be accurately classified as an obese case.
In: Annual Review of Public Health, Band 41, S. 363-380
SSRN
In: Journal of economics, Band 124, Heft 1, S. 57-73
ISSN: 1617-7134
In: Paradigms: a research journal of commerce, economics, and social sciences, Band 6, Heft 1, S. 1-19
ISSN: 2410-0854
In: Pacific economic review, Band 10, Heft 4, S. 407-420
ISSN: 1468-0106
In: Pacific economic review, Band 8, Heft 3, S. 193-206
ISSN: 1468-0106
Abstract. This paper develops a generalized three‐country model with downstream and upstream industries to analyze optimal import and export trade policies in the presence of monopoly distortion in a foreign intermediate input market. It shows that the import tariff and export tax are linearly dependent. Thus, the optimal choice of the tariff gives rise to the same results as the optimal choice of the export tax, which implies that the domestic government, to avoid tariff retaliation, can use export tax as a substitute for the import tariff.
SSRN
In: Journal of international trade & economic development: an international and comparative review, Band 33, Heft 7, S. 1397-1409
ISSN: 1469-9559
In: The Manchester School, Band 90, Heft 6, S. 668-688
ISSN: 1467-9957
AbstractThis paper re‐examines the leverage effect of bundling under vertical quality differentiation. That is, it studies whether or not the firm can still extend its monopoly power from the monopolist product market to the competing product market by bundling under vertical product quality differentiation. There is an intangible product (such as cloud storage, after sale service, etc.) in a bundled package with vertical quality differentiation. The model herein enables us to further analyze the effects of bundling on a competitor's profit, consumer surplus, and social welfare when the bundler is a high‐ or low‐quality firm and is facing a single‐product competitor. When the bundling product is a high quality product, bundling reinforces the monopolist's market power toward the monopoly good, which runs opposite from the traditional leverage effect. If bundling enhances (shortens) the quality difference in competing goods, then bundling increases (reduces) both the competitor's profit and social welfare, whereas it decreases (increases) consumer surplus. Contrary to traditional literature, we find that mixed bundling may not be superior to pure bundling and the price discrimination via mixed bundling by the multi‐product firm may enhance the consumer surplus.
In: Journal of economics, Band 137, Heft 2, S. 121-143
ISSN: 1617-7134