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AbstractRisk Analysis was first published in 1981, established with a vision to provide a platform for inquiry into fundamental risk‐related concepts and theories, and to disseminate new knowledge about methods and approaches for identifying, analyzing, evaluating, managing, and communicating risk. The journal has also contributed significantly to a scientific understanding of specific risks related to human health and safety, engineering, ecological, and social systems. Published on behalf of the Society for Risk Analysis, the journal has become a leading platform over its 40‐year history. Complementing recent celebratory overviews and perspectives on the evolution, achievements, and future challenges for Risk Analysis, this article presents a scientometric overview of the journal between 1981 and 2020. The study presents high‐level insights in the journal publication trends and structure and trends in the leading countries/regions, institutions, and authors, in relation to their respective collaboration networks. Furthermore, the structure and evolution of research focus issues is analyzed, and highly cited publications are identified. The findings are primarily intended to provide high‐level insights, which may be useful for early career academics and risk practitioners to understand the structure and development of the research domain, and its main contributors and topics, and for experienced researchers to reflect on the achievements and future developments.

Why do Chinese governments at various levels set up public complaint websites where citizen petitions and government responses can be reviewed by the general public? We argue that it is the result of two factors: strong signals sent by the central government to improve governance, and the availability of new technologies to promote policy innovation. To impress their superiors, local officials adopted newly available commercial technology to innovate existing citizen feedback systems, which presented a developmental trajectory from "openness," "integration," to "big data-driven prediction." Drawing on policy documents and interviews with local politicians and administrators, we provide a chronological perspective of how technical development, central government's signals and local decision-making have interacted in the past two decades to bring forth today's public complaint websites. The contingent and non-teleological nature of this development can also be applied to other policies such as the social credit system.

Why do Chinese governments at various levels set up public complaint websites where citizen petitions and government responses can be reviewed by the general public? We argue that it is the result of two factors: strong signals sent by the central government to improve governance, and the availability of new technologies to promote policy innovation. To impress their superiors, local officials adopted newly available commercial technology to innovate existing citizen feedback systems, which presented a developmental trajectory from "openness," "integration," to "big data-driven prediction." Drawing on policy documents and interviews with local politicians and administrators, we provide a chronological perspective of how technical development, central government's signals and local decision-making have interacted in the past two decades to bring forth today's public complaint websites. The contingent and non-teleological nature of this development can also be applied to other policies such as the social credit system. (JCCA / GIGA)

This work aims to contribute to the debate on the fixed wireless versus fixed line broadband access solutions by focusing on scenarios offering Gbps level broadband access. More specifically, we performed a techno-economic analysis on the cost, performance (in the term of download speed) and energy consumption of optical fiber versus 5G fixed wireless access (FWA) based solutions over a 10-year perspective. The study is based on the case in Sweden in order to achieve one of the Swedish government's 2025 broadband goals that 98% of Swedish households and workplaces should have at least 1 Gbps broadband access. Alongside with the pure fiber-based solution, 3 FWA-based scenarios using existing commercial macro cells, newly installed mmWave small cells, and hybrid macro and small cells, are evaluated. Based on the findings in this work we conclude that: 1) The pure fiber-based solution should be the "default" choice in order to achieve the Swedish government's 2025 broadband goal to reach 98% of Swedish households and workplaces with at least 1 Gbps broadband access; 2) Even though FWA using mmWave small cells is potentially capable of achieving the 1 Gbps @ 98% goal, the trade-off will be the high total cost levels and more energy consumption. In addition, the end user experience is subject to variations of whether and environmental conditions, and the distance to the network antenna; 3)FWA using existing commercial macro cells alone is not capable to reach the 1 Gbps @ 98% goal, despite the estimated relatively low cost. In addition, the estimated energy consumption level is also significantly higher than the pure fiber-based solution. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first-time reported techno-economic study on comparing 5G FWA with pure-fiber-based broadband access.

In the whole research process of electromagnetic wave, the research of terahertz wave belongs to a blank for a long time, which is the least known and least developed by far. But now, people are trying to make up the blank and develop terahertz better and better. The charm of terahertz wave originates from its multiple attributes, including electromagnetic field attribute,photon attribute and thermal attribute, which also attracts the attention of researchers in different fields and different countries, and also terahertz technology have been rated as one of the top ten technologies to change the future world by the United States. The multiple attributes of terahertz make it have broad application prospects in military and civil fields, such as medical imaging,astronomical observation, 6G communication, environmental monitoring and material analysis. It is no exaggeration to say that mastering terahertz technology means mastering the future. However, it is because of the multiple attributes of terahertz that the terahertz wave is difficult to be mastered. Although terahertz has been applied in some fields,controlling terahertz (such as generation and detection) is still an important issue. Nowadays, a variety of terahertz generation and detection technologies have been developed and continuously improved. In this paper, the main terahertz generation and detection technologies (including already practical and developing) are reviewed in terms of scientific and engineering principles,in order to provide a systematic and up-to-date reference for researchers in terahertz field.