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This paper provides an introduction to the special issue on expressions of information and communication theory and practice. It surveys each paper, identifies commonalities and dissimilarities among them, and suggests the potential readership for the papers based on the problems addressed and the findings.

Analizuojama daromų rašybos klaidų, susijusių su vengimu vartoti raides su diakritiniais ženklais, priklausomybė nuo ženklų išdėstymo klaviatūroje. Analizei pasirinkta miestų rašyba pokalbių sistemos "Skype" abonentų registracijos duomenyse. Palyginamos įvairių kalbų kompiuterio klaviatūros ir daromų klaidų skaičius, taip pat klaidos, susijusios su atskiromis tos pačios kalbos raidėmis, kurių rinkimo klaviatūra sudėtingumas skiriasi. Gauti rezultatai patvirtina hipotezę, kad daromų klaidų skaičius priklauso nuo raidžių rinkimo klaviatūra sudėtingumo.The Relations Between Keyboard Layout and Spelling Errors of Particular Language Specifi c LettersGintautas Grigas, Sigita Pedzevičienė
SummaryThe relation between the keyboard layout of language specifi c letters, usually accented letters, and spelling error frequency is investigated. Names of cities in login data of instant messenger Skype are chosen for investigation. Keyboards of 12 European languages using Latin script are related to the number of spelling errors. Similar comparisons are made for letters requiring different efforts for typing within the same language. The obtained results confi rm hypothesis that the number of deliberately made errors depends on the complexity of typing letters.>

Pateikiama vardų, pavardžių ir miestų rašybos klaidų statistika pokalbių sistemos "Skype" abonentų registracijos duomenyse. Tikrinamos dažniausiai pasitaikančios klaidos – raidžių, nesančių pagrindinėje lotyniškos abėcėlės dalyje, pakeitimas kitomis, į jas panašiomis raidėmis be diakritinių ženklų. Palyginama, kaip šias klaidas daro lietuviai, čekai, danai, estai, islandai, latviai, lenkai, vokiečiai. Tikrinimui buvo imama po šešis kiekvienos kalbos dažniau vartojamus vardus ir po tris kiekvienosvalstybės didžiausių miestų pavadinimus, turinčius raidžių su diakritiniais ženklais. Nustatyta, kad praktiškai klaidų nedaro danai ir vokiečiai, o daugiausia daro lietuviai. Bandoma ieškoti klaidų priežasčių keliant hipotezes, dėl ko tokios klaidos daromos.Spelling errors of names in instant messengers registration datGintautas Grigas, Sigita Pedzevičienė
SummaryThe name misspelling statistics in login data of instant messenger Skype is presented. Frequently occured errors of changing letters with diacritic marks by similar letters of English (ASCII) alphabet are investigated in Czech, Danish, Estonian, German, Icelandic, Latvian, Lithuanian, and Polish languages. Six most popular names from every language and three largest city names from every country and containing letters with diacritics are taken into account. It is found that Danishes and Germans write practically without errors, the most errors were made by Lithuanians. The hypotheses about the reasons of errors are presented.

This paper provides an introduction to the special issue on gender studies. It surveys each paper and identifies commonalities and dissimilarities among them, as well as suggests the potential readership for the papers based on the problems addressed and the findings. Prof. Natalija Mažeikienė from Vytautas Magnus University served as the guest editor of the special issue.

This study seeks to reveal the attitudes of the Lithuanian adult population on using digital books and illegally distributed books and seeks to provide possible solutions to Lithuanian publishers and other institutions combating this phenomenon. A quantitative survey of 322 respondents was conducted. The analysis of the results was based on the Technology Acceptance Model, the theory of self-efficacy and the theory of planned behaviour. The results show that the ability to use digital technologies encourages the use of digital books. The perception of digital books as having value reduces the tendency to download them from illegal distribution channels. Legislative regulation does not have a significant impact on the intention not to use digital books from illegal distribution channels. It is likely that a negative assessment of the phenomenon in the immediate environment will have a greater impact on refusing to use illegally distributed books. In order to compete with illegal distribution channels, the channels for legally distributed books need to be more convenient and provide more content.

This study seeks to reveal the attitudes of the Lithuanian adult population on using digital books and illegally distributed books and seeks to provide possible solutions to Lithuanian publishers and other institutions combating this phenomenon. A quantitative survey of 322 respondents was conducted. The analysis of the results was based on the Technology Acceptance Model, the theory of self-efficacy and the theory of planned behaviour. The results show that the ability to use digital technologies encourages the use of digital books. The perception of digital books as having value reduces the tendency to download them from illegal distribution channels. Legislative regulation does not have a significant impact on the intention not to use digital books from illegal distribution channels. It is likely that a negative assessment of the phenomenon in the immediate environment will have a greater impact on refusing to use illegally distributed books. In order to compete with illegal distribution channels, the channels for legally distributed books need to be more convenient and provide more content. ; Tyrimas siekia atskleisti skaitmenines knygas naudojančių suaugusiųjų Lietuvos gyventojų požiūrį į nelegaliai platinamų knygų naudojimo naudą, etinius ir technologinius aspektus bei pateikti galimus sprendimus Lietuvos leidykloms ir kitoms institucijoms, kovojančioms su šiuo reiškiniu. Atlikta kiekybinė 322 respondentų apklausa. Analizuojant rezultatus remtasi technologijų priėmimo modeliu, saviveiksmingumo teorija ir planuoto elgesio teorija. Rezultatai rodo, jog mokėjimas naudotis technologijomis ir jų naudojimas skatina siekti įsigyti skaitmeninių knygų. Skaitmeninės knygos kaip turinčios vertę suvokimas mažina siekį siųsti iš nelegalaus platinimo kanalų. Įstatyminis reguliavimas neturi ženklios įtakos siekiui nesinaudoti knygomis iš nelegalaus platinimo kanalų. Tikėtina, kad negatyvus reiškinio vertinimas artimoje aplinkoje turės didesnę įtaką atsisakyti naudotis nelegaliai platinamomis knygomis. Siekiant nukonkuruoti nelegalaus platinimo kanalus legaliai platinamų knygų kanalai turi būti patogesni ir suteikiantys daugiau turinio.

This study seeks to reveal the attitudes of the Lithuanian adult population on using digital books and illegally distributed books and seeks to provide possible solutions to Lithuanian publishers and other institutions combating this phenomenon. A quantitative survey of 322 respondents was conducted. The analysis of the results was based on the Technology Acceptance Model, the theory of self-efficacy and the theory of planned behaviour. The results show that the ability to use digital technologies encourages the use of digital books. The perception of digital books as having value reduces the tendency to download them from illegal distribution channels. Legislative regulation does not have a significant impact on the intention not to use digital books from illegal distribution channels. It is likely that a negative assessment of the phenomenon in the immediate environment will have a greater impact on refusing to use illegally distributed books. In order to compete with illegal distribution channels, the channels for legally distributed books need to be more convenient and provide more content.

This study seeks to reveal the attitudes of the Lithuanian adult population on using digital books and illegally distributed books and seeks to provide possible solutions to Lithuanian publishers and other institutions combating this phenomenon. A quantitative survey of 322 respondents was conducted. The analysis of the results was based on the Technology Acceptance Model, the theory of self-efficacy and the theory of planned behaviour. The results show that the ability to use digital technologies encourages the use of digital books. The perception of digital books as having value reduces the tendency to download them from illegal distribution channels. Legislative regulation does not have a significant impact on the intention not to use digital books from illegal distribution channels. It is likely that a negative assessment of the phenomenon in the immediate environment will have a greater impact on refusing to use illegally distributed books. In order to compete with illegal distribution channels, the channels for legally distributed books need to be more convenient and provide more content.

This study seeks to reveal the attitudes of the Lithuanian adult population on using digital books and illegally distributed books and seeks to provide possible solutions to Lithuanian publishers and other institutions combating this phenomenon. A quantitative survey of 322 respondents was conducted. The analysis of the results was based on the Technology Acceptance Model, the theory of self-efficacy and the theory of planned behaviour. The results show that the ability to use digital technologies encourages the use of digital books. The perception of digital books as having value reduces the tendency to download them from illegal distribution channels. Legislative regulation does not have a significant impact on the intention not to use digital books from illegal distribution channels. It is likely that a negative assessment of the phenomenon in the immediate environment will have a greater impact on refusing to use illegally distributed books. In order to compete with illegal distribution channels, the channels for legally distributed books need to be more convenient and provide more content.

Introduction. This study investigates the adoption of professional scholarly journal publishing software in Lithuania, with a focus on the trends and patterns of its use in 2020. It underscores the limited research on proprietary software and the absence of comprehensive country-specific case studies.
Method. We compiled a list of sources by manually reviewing all journal websites and independently verified the collected data against other databases. Additionally, we contacted publishers individually via email to clarify the data.
Analysis. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis with the help of SPSS statistical package.
Results. The analysis reveals that the second or third-generation Open Journal Systems (OJS) software is the most popular open-source publishing solution, utilized by nearly half of the Lithuanian journals. The Social sciences and Technology sciences are the most frequent users of OJS, both in Lithuania and abroad. The use of OJS in Lithuania gradually decreases to 24% as one moves from publication towards production management, with a significant reduction in the use of OJS for manuscript delivery. The increased use of proprietary software for manuscripts may be related to pricing and the composition of the journal's authors.
Conclusions. The ecosystem of scholarly journals in Lithuania has not yet reached the minimum level of technological advancement where all journals use professional software for publishing.

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of factors that affect the respondents to drop out of an already started survey on research data management. We decided to take a questionnaire on data management survey at Vilnius University and Oulu University implemented in 2017 as a case study. The data for the analysis was collected using the questionnaire, which was used in multinational research for Data Literacy and Research Data Management, performed by a group of researchers in more than ten countries, initiated by Serap Kurbanoğlu and Joumana Boustany. This paper describes the analysis of 1 185 survey samples, of which 515 were unfinished and 670 finished in both universities. For the analysis of the data, we used Framework for Web Survey Participation created by Andy Peytchev (2009). The collected data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 19 with descriptive and inferential statistical tests. The most significant factors on deciding not to finish the survey were the length of the survey, the scientific field, experience, age and the topic of the survey. No statistically significant difference was measured between those who finished the survey and unfinished evaluating the data by gender and job position. An important factor in not finishing the survey was the design of the survey.