Suchergebnisse

AbstractCryopreservation of in vitro matured oocytes is still considered as an experimental alternative to mature oocyte vitrification after ovarian stimulation. Here, we investigated whether rescue-IVM should be performed before or after vitrification. For this, 101 immature oocytes (germinal vesicle stage) from women undergoing ICSI were used. Oocytes were divided into three groups: freshly in vitro matured oocytes (IVM), freshly in vitro matured oocytes subsequently vitrified (IVM + VIT) and vitrified/warmed GV oocytes then in vitro matured (VIT + IVM). Oocyte maturation rates and kinetics were assessed using time-lapse technology. Spindle dimensions and polarity, chromosome alignment and cytoplasmic F-actin filament length and density were determined using confocal microscopy and quantitative image analyses. No differences in IVM rates (fresh IVM: 63.16% and IVM post-VIT: 59.38%, p = 0.72) and timings (17.73 h in fresh IVM, 17.33 h in IVM post-VIT, p = 0.72) were observed whether IVM is performed freshly or after vitrification. Meiotic spindles were shorter in VIT + IVM (10.47 µm vs 11.23 µm in IVM and 11.40 µm in IVM + VIT, p = 0.012 and p = 0.043) and wider in IVM + VIT (9.37 µm vs 8.12 µm in IVM and 8.16 µm VIT + IVM, p = 0.027 and p = 0.026). The length-to-width ratio was lower in vitrified groups (IVM + VIT: 1.19 and VIT + IVM: 1.26) compared to IVM (1.38), p = 0.013 and p = 0.014. No differences in multipolar spindle and chromosome misalignment occurrence and cytoplasmic F-actin filament length and density were observed between groups. Our results suggest vitrification before or after rescue-IVM does not seem to impair maturation rates and kinetics parameters but induces meiotic spindle alterations.

Este estudo visa oferecer uma análise detalhada sobre a Placenta Prévia, um quadro obstétrico relevante e desafiador, que apresenta riscos tanto para a gestante quanto para o feto. Se trata de uma revisão exploratória integrativa de literatura sobre Placenta Prévia, destacando os fatores de risco associados e a importância do diagnóstico precoce. Foi realizada uma revisão exploratória integrativa com seleção de informações publicadas entre 2020 e 2024. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados Google Scholar; Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientif Eletronic Library Online (SciELO), National Library of Medicine (PubMed), EbscoHost, utilizando os descritores "placenta prévia, "gestantes com placenta prévia", "riscos para gestantes com placenta prévia", "diagnóstico". Foram incluídos apenas textos em português e inglês. A análise dos dados revelou três tópicos principais: diagnóstico, tratamento e fatores de risco. A detecção precoce por meio de ultrassonografias, é crucial para aumentar as taxas de sobrevida tanto da mãe quanto do feto. O tratamento envolve diversos fatores de cada paciente, mas pode ser recomendável manter repouso relativo assim como abstinência sexual, principalmente após a 28° semana e em situações hemorrágicas e contrações uterinas intensas recomenda-se internação imediata. Alguns dos fatores de risco identificados são: idade materna avançada, paridade, gestações múltiplas, cesáreas prévias, histórico curetagens pós abortamentos. O diagnóstico precoce é fundamental para o planejamento adequado do parto e o manejo dos cuidados perinatais.

IntroductionSwitching brand name medications to generics is recommended in France in the interest of cost effectiveness but patients and physicians are sometimes not convinced that switching is appropriate. Some antiretroviral (ARV) generics (ZDV, 3TC, NVP) have been marketed in France since 2013.Materials and MethodsA multicentric cross‐sectional survey was performed in September 2013 to evaluate the perception of generics overall and ARV generics in physicians and HIV‐infected patients and factors associated to their acceptability. Adult HIV outpatients were asked to complete a self‐questionnaire on their perception of generics. Physicians completed a questionnaire on the acceptability of generics and ARV generics. Socio‐demographic data, medical history and HIV history were collected.Results116 physicians in 33 clinics (68% in University Hospital) included 556 patients (France‐native 77%, active employment 59%, covered by social Insurance 100%, homosexual/bisexual contamination 47%, median HIV duration 13 years, hepatitis coinfection 16%, on ARV therapy 95%). Overall, patients accepted and had confidence in generics in 76% and 55% of the cases, respectively. Switching ARVs for generics was accepted by 44% of the patients but only by 17% if the pill burden was going to increase. 75% of the physicians would prescribe generics, but this decreased to only 26% if the combo had to be broken. The main reasons for non‐prescription of generics were previous brand name ARV‐induced side effects (35%), refusal of generics overall (37%), lack of understanding of generics (26%), risk of non‐observance of treatment (44%), anxiety (47%) and depressive symptoms (25%). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with the acceptability of ARV generics in patients were the use of generics overall (p<0.001) and in physicians, the absence of concern regarding the drug efficacy (p<0.001) and being aware that the patient would accept generics overall (p=0.03) and ARV generics (p=0.04). No factors related to sociodemographic conditions, HIV status or comorbidities had a constrictive influence on the use of ARV generics.ConclusionAcceptability of ARV generics in this French population is mostly dictated by the patient's and physician's knowledge and use of generics overall. Switching ARV brand name to a generic would be better accepted if the pill burden remained unchanged.

O presente artigo busca caracterizar a vulnerabilidade socioepidemiológica a que estão sujeitos os povos indígenas isolados e de recente contato. Por meio de exemplos históricos, procuramos ilustrar como as epidemias decorrentes de processos de contato são capazes de dizimar populações inteiras. Apresentamos e analisamos a legislação brasileira específica que garante o direito à saúde para estes povos para, em seguida, exemplificar como o Estado brasileiro a está descumprindo. Por fim, concluímos que a violação ao direito à saúde, em um momento de emergência sanitária de proporções pandêmicas, pode vir a significar o genocídio destas populações, risco que o Estado brasileiro está, conscientemente, assumindo.

International audience ; Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown measures have been sources of both potential stress and possible psychological and addiction complications. A lack of activity and isolation during lockdown are among the factors thought to be behind the growth in the use of psychoactive substances and worsening addictive behaviors. Previous studies on the pandemic have attested to an increase in alcohol consumption during lockdowns. Likewise, data suggest there has also been a rise in the use of cannabis, although it is unclear how this is affected by external factors. Our study used quantitative data collected from an international population to evaluate changes in cannabis consumption during the lockdown period between March and October, 2020. We also compared users and non-users of the drug in relation to: (1) socio-demographic differences, (2) emotional experiences, and (3) the information available and the degree of approval of lockdown measures. Methods: An online self-report questionnaire concerning the lockdown was widely disseminated around the globe. Data was collected on sociodemographics and how the rules imposed had influenced the use of cannabis and concerns about health, the economic impact of the measures and the approach taken by government(s). Results: One hundred eighty two respondents consumed cannabis before the lockdown vs. 199 thereafter. The mean cannabis consumption fell from 13 joints per week pre-lockdown to 9.75 after it (p < 0.001). Forty-nine respondents stopped using cannabis at all and 66 admitted to starting to do so. The cannabis users were: less satisfied with government measures; less worried about their health; more concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and their career; and more frightened of becoming infected in public areas. The risk factors for cannabis use were: age (OR = 0.96); concern for physical health (OR = 0.98); tobacco (OR = 1.1) and alcohol consumption during lockdown (OR = 1.1); the pre-lockdown anger level (OR = 1.01); and feelings of ...

International audience ; Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown measures have been sources of both potential stress and possible psychological and addiction complications. A lack of activity and isolation during lockdown are among the factors thought to be behind the growth in the use of psychoactive substances and worsening addictive behaviors. Previous studies on the pandemic have attested to an increase in alcohol consumption during lockdowns. Likewise, data suggest there has also been a rise in the use of cannabis, although it is unclear how this is affected by external factors. Our study used quantitative data collected from an international population to evaluate changes in cannabis consumption during the lockdown period between March and October, 2020. We also compared users and non-users of the drug in relation to: (1) socio-demographic differences, (2) emotional experiences, and (3) the information available and the degree of approval of lockdown measures. Methods: An online self-report questionnaire concerning the lockdown was widely disseminated around the globe. Data was collected on sociodemographics and how the rules imposed had influenced the use of cannabis and concerns about health, the economic impact of the measures and the approach taken by government(s). Results: One hundred eighty two respondents consumed cannabis before the lockdown vs. 199 thereafter. The mean cannabis consumption fell from 13 joints per week pre-lockdown to 9.75 after it (p < 0.001). Forty-nine respondents stopped using cannabis at all and 66 admitted to starting to do so. The cannabis users were: less satisfied with government measures; less worried about their health; more concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and their career; and more frightened of becoming infected in public areas. The risk factors for cannabis use were: age (OR = 0.96); concern for physical health (OR = 0.98); tobacco (OR = 1.1) and alcohol consumption during lockdown (OR = 1.1); the pre-lockdown anger level (OR = 1.01); and feelings of ...

International audience ; Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown measures have been sources of both potential stress and possible psychological and addiction complications. A lack of activity and isolation during lockdown are among the factors thought to be behind the growth in the use of psychoactive substances and worsening addictive behaviors. Previous studies on the pandemic have attested to an increase in alcohol consumption during lockdowns. Likewise, data suggest there has also been a rise in the use of cannabis, although it is unclear how this is affected by external factors. Our study used quantitative data collected from an international population to evaluate changes in cannabis consumption during the lockdown period between March and October, 2020. We also compared users and non-users of the drug in relation to: (1) socio-demographic differences, (2) emotional experiences, and (3) the information available and the degree of approval of lockdown measures. Methods: An online self-report questionnaire concerning the lockdown was widely disseminated around the globe. Data was collected on sociodemographics and how the rules imposed had influenced the use of cannabis and concerns about health, the economic impact of the measures and the approach taken by government(s). Results: One hundred eighty two respondents consumed cannabis before the lockdown vs. 199 thereafter. The mean cannabis consumption fell from 13 joints per week pre-lockdown to 9.75 after it (p < 0.001). Forty-nine respondents stopped using cannabis at all and 66 admitted to starting to do so. The cannabis users were: less satisfied with government measures; less worried about their health; more concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and their career; and more frightened of becoming infected in public areas. The risk factors for cannabis use were: age (OR = 0.96); concern for physical health (OR = 0.98); tobacco (OR = 1.1) and alcohol consumption during lockdown (OR = 1.1); the pre-lockdown anger level (OR = 1.01); and feelings of ...

International audience ; Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown measures have been sources of both potential stress and possible psychological and addiction complications. A lack of activity and isolation during lockdown are among the factors thought to be behind the growth in the use of psychoactive substances and worsening addictive behaviors. Previous studies on the pandemic have attested to an increase in alcohol consumption during lockdowns. Likewise, data suggest there has also been a rise in the use of cannabis, although it is unclear how this is affected by external factors. Our study used quantitative data collected from an international population to evaluate changes in cannabis consumption during the lockdown period between March and October, 2020. We also compared users and non-users of the drug in relation to: (1) socio-demographic differences, (2) emotional experiences, and (3) the information available and the degree of approval of lockdown measures. Methods: An online self-report questionnaire concerning the lockdown was widely disseminated around the globe. Data was collected on sociodemographics and how the rules imposed had influenced the use of cannabis and concerns about health, the economic impact of the measures and the approach taken by government(s). Results: One hundred eighty two respondents consumed cannabis before the lockdown vs. 199 thereafter. The mean cannabis consumption fell from 13 joints per week pre-lockdown to 9.75 after it (p < 0.001). Forty-nine respondents stopped using cannabis at all and 66 admitted to starting to do so. The cannabis users were: less satisfied with government measures; less worried about their health; more concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and their career; and more frightened of becoming infected in public areas. The risk factors for cannabis use were: age (OR = 0.96); concern for physical health (OR = 0.98); tobacco (OR = 1.1) and alcohol consumption during lockdown (OR = 1.1); the pre-lockdown anger level (OR = 1.01); and feelings of ...

Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown measures have been sources of both potential stress and possible psychological and addiction complications. A lack of activity and isolation during lockdown are among the factors thought to be behind the growth in the use of psychoactive substances and worsening addictive behaviors. Previous studies on the pandemic have attested to an increase in alcohol consumption during lockdowns. Likewise, data suggest there has also been a rise in the use of cannabis, although it is unclear how this is affected by external factors. Our study used quantitative data collected from an international population to evaluate changes in cannabis consumption during the lockdown period between March and October, 2020. We also compared users and non-users of the drug in relation to: (1) socio-demographic differences, (2) emotional experiences, and (3) the information available and the degree of approval of lockdown measures. Methods: An online self-report questionnaire concerning the lockdown was widely disseminated around the globe. Data was collected on sociodemographics and how the rules imposed had influenced the use of cannabis and concerns about health, the economic impact of the measures and the approach taken by government(s). Results: One hundred eighty two respondents consumed cannabis before the lockdown vs. 199 thereafter. The mean cannabis consumption fell from 13 joints per week pre-lockdown to 9.75 after it (p < 0.001). Forty-nine respondents stopped using cannabis at all and 66 admitted to starting to do so. The cannabis users were: less satisfied with government measures; less worried about their health; more concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and their career; and more frightened of becoming infected in public areas. The risk factors for cannabis use were: age (OR = 0.96); concern for physical health (OR = 0.98); tobacco (OR = 1.1) and alcohol consumption during lockdown (OR = 1.1); the pre-lockdown anger level (OR = 1.01); and feelings of boredom during the ...

International audience ; Introduction: COVID-19 lockdown measures have been sources of both potential stress and possible psychological and addiction complications. A lack of activity and isolation during lockdown are among the factors thought to be behind the growth in the use of psychoactive substances and worsening addictive behaviors. Previous studies on the pandemic have attested to an increase in alcohol consumption during lockdowns. Likewise, data suggest there has also been a rise in the use of cannabis, although it is unclear how this is affected by external factors. Our study used quantitative data collected from an international population to evaluate changes in cannabis consumption during the lockdown period between March and October, 2020. We also compared users and non-users of the drug in relation to: (1) socio-demographic differences, (2) emotional experiences, and (3) the information available and the degree of approval of lockdown measures. Methods: An online self-report questionnaire concerning the lockdown was widely disseminated around the globe. Data was collected on sociodemographics and how the rules imposed had influenced the use of cannabis and concerns about health, the economic impact of the measures and the approach taken by government(s). Results: One hundred eighty two respondents consumed cannabis before the lockdown vs. 199 thereafter. The mean cannabis consumption fell from 13 joints per week pre-lockdown to 9.75 after it (p < 0.001). Forty-nine respondents stopped using cannabis at all and 66 admitted to starting to do so. The cannabis users were: less satisfied with government measures; less worried about their health; more concerned about the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and their career; and more frightened of becoming infected in public areas. The risk factors for cannabis use were: age (OR = 0.96); concern for physical health (OR = 0.98); tobacco (OR = 1.1) and alcohol consumption during lockdown (OR = 1.1); the pre-lockdown anger level (OR = 1.01); and feelings of ...

International audience ; While a declined physical activity level (PAL) and an increase of sedentary behaviors at all ages during the COVID-19–induced first confinement period have been unanimously observed worldwide, the lately instituted new social distancing strategies and lockdowns around the world require the formulation and dissemination of adapted and accessible recommendations to promote physical activity (PA) and limit the progression of sedentary time (SED) in the upcoming weeks. From a public health perspective, it appears imperative to encourage the adoption of healthy movementbehaviors despite the new activity restrictions imposed by governments to slow down the alarming progression of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

International audience ; While a declined physical activity level (PAL) and an increase of sedentary behaviors at all ages during the COVID-19–induced first confinement period have been unanimously observed worldwide, the lately instituted new social distancing strategies and lockdowns around the world require the formulation and dissemination of adapted and accessible recommendations to promote physical activity (PA) and limit the progression of sedentary time (SED) in the upcoming weeks. From a public health perspective, it appears imperative to encourage the adoption of healthy movementbehaviors despite the new activity restrictions imposed by governments to slow down the alarming progression of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

International audience ; While a declined physical activity level (PAL) and an increase of sedentary behaviors at all ages during the COVID-19–induced first confinement period have been unanimously observed worldwide, the lately instituted new social distancing strategies and lockdowns around the world require the formulation and dissemination of adapted and accessible recommendations to promote physical activity (PA) and limit the progression of sedentary time (SED) in the upcoming weeks. From a public health perspective, it appears imperative to encourage the adoption of healthy movementbehaviors despite the new activity restrictions imposed by governments to slow down the alarming progression of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

International audience ; While a declined physical activity level (PAL) and an increase of sedentary behaviors at all ages during the COVID-19–induced first confinement period have been unanimously observed worldwide, the lately instituted new social distancing strategies and lockdowns around the world require the formulation and dissemination of adapted and accessible recommendations to promote physical activity (PA) and limit the progression of sedentary time (SED) in the upcoming weeks. From a public health perspective, it appears imperative to encourage the adoption of healthy movementbehaviors despite the new activity restrictions imposed by governments to slow down the alarming progression of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.