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At a time when the human impact on the environment is more devastating than ever, business initiatives frame the quest to "green" capitalism as the key to humanity's long-term survival. Indeed, even before the rise of the environmental movement in the 1970s, businesses sometimes had reasons to protect parts of nature, limit their production of wastes, and support broader environmental reforms. In the last thirty years, especially, many businesses have worked hard to reduce their direct and indirect environmental footprint. But are these efforts exceptional, or can capitalism truly be environmentally conscious?Green Capitalism? offers a critical, historically informed perspective on building a more sustainable economy. Written by scholars of business history and environmental history, the essays in this volume consider the nature of capitalism through historical overviews of twentieth-century businesses and a wide range of focused case studies. Beginning early in the century, contributors explore the response of business leaders to environmental challenges in an era long before the formation of the modern regulatory state. Moving on to midcentury environmental initiatives, scholars analyze failed business efforts to green products and packaging—such as the infamous six-pack ring—in the 1960s and 1970s. The last section contains case studies of businesses that successfully managed greening initiatives, from the first effort by an electric utility to promote conservation, to the environmental overhaul of a Swedish mining company, to the problem of household waste in pre-1990 West Germany. Ranging in geographic scope from Europe to the United States, Green Capitalism? raises questions about capitalism in different historical, sociocultural, and political contexts.Contributors: Hartmut Berghoff, Ann-Kristin Bergquist, Brian C. Black, William D. Bryan, Julie Cohn, Leif Fredrickson, Hugh S. Gorman, Geoffrey Jones, David Kinkela, Roman Köster, Joseph A. Pratt, Adam Rome, Christine Meisner Rosen.

List of FiguresForewordAbbreviations Introduction Chapter 1. Kiehn's Rise to the Middle Class: A Traveling Salesman Becomes a Factory OwnerChapter 2. Rapid Ascent through the Nazi Ranks: From Local Party Leader to Reichstag DelegateChapter 3. Fritz Kiehn, ""Leader of the Wurttemberg Economy""Chapter 4. Riding Nazi Party Coattails: Kiehn's Industrial AmbitionsChapter 5. Between Corruption and Camaraderie: The National Socialist Campaign to Curb AbusesChapter 6. Kiehn and Gustav Schickedanz in the Race for AryanizationChapter 7. Wartime Deals and ""Marriage Politics""Chapter 8. ""The King of

Beauty matters. Throughout the world, more and more people from all walks of life spend time and money to make themselves beautiful because beauty expresses identity and shapes status and success. Whether white or black, male or female, young or old, gay or straight, working- or middle-class, Western or non-Western, democratic or fascist, people everywhere have adopted a central maxim of the twentieth century: everyone can be beautiful, and everyone should become beautiful. This volume tracks the historical roots and meanings of modern beauty cultures in the twentieth century, drawing on examples from Europe, North America, the Near East, Asia, and Africa

"The history of consumption has experienced remarkable growth since the 1980s, driven by the interest of scholars in a variety of historical subdisciplines and other social scientific fields. This volume seeks to bring the resultant diversity of specialized approaches into one common discourse. It takes stock of what consumption history has accomplished in recent decades, what current research agendas are, and where research should go from here. Assembled and introduced by Hartmut Berghoff and Uwe Spiekermann of the German Historical Institute in Washington, DC, the volume brings together contributions from scholars in Europe and the United States, who discuss consumption patterns and their implications for the development of modern consumer societies. The geographical scope of these articles encompasses not only both sides of the North Atlantic, but also Argentina, Africa, and Japan. The articles are informed by a variety of approaches, including environmental history, political history, business history, the history of science, cultural history, gender history, intellectual history, and anthropology. The volume is aimed both at specialists in consumption and consumption history as well as at academic readers who wish to familiarize themselves with the field in the first place"--

Wirtschaftsbeziehungen sind Tauschbeziehungen und beruhen auf kulturell geprägten Regeln, die durch Werte oder Emotionen Verbindlichkeit gewinnen - etwa dadurch, dass die Partner sich vertrauen. Umso erstaunlicher, dass Wirtschafts- und Kulturgeschichte einander kaum zur Kenntnis nehmen. In diesem Band werden klassische Themen der Wirtschaftsgeschichte aus kulturgeschichtlicher Perspektive behandelt. Die Autorinnen und Autoren gehen davon aus, dass die Wirtschaft (von ökonomischen Theorien bis hin zur Managementkultur) von der Kultur beeinflusst wird. Zugleich wirkt die Ökonomie bis in das Alltagsleben der Menschen hinein. Die Ergebnisse des Bandes reichen von der Erkenntnis, wie wichtig etwa Vertrauen in der Wirtschaft ist, bis zur Entdeckung nationaler bzw. religiöser 'Wirtschaftskulturen' und spezifischer Ausprägungen der Konsumgesellschaft. Beiträge u. a. von Christoph Conrad, Sebastian Conrad, Georg Elwert, Friedrich Wilhelm Graf, Martina Heßler, Dirk van Laak, Birger Priddat, Jakob Tanner, Adam Tooze, Frank Trentmann und Thomas Welskopp. Hartmut Berghoff ist Professor für Wirtschaftsgeschichte an der Universität Göttingen und Mitherausgeber der Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte. Jakob Vogel, Dr. phil., ist wiss. Assistent am Frankreich- Zentrum der TU Berlin.

"So darf es nicht weitergehen", forderten im September 2019 hunderte deutsche Ärzte und Verbände des Gesundheitssektors. Sie formulierten eine flammende Anklage gegen "das Diktat der Ökonomie" und gegen eine "Enthumanisierung der Medizin" in Krankenhäusern und Arztpraxen. Dieser "Ärzte-Appell" ist ein aktueller Beitrag zu einer langjährigen intensiven Debatte um das Verhältnis von Gesundheit und Ökonomie. In der Öffentlichkeit stehen die "Folgen der Ökonomisierung des Gesundheitswesens" meist als Menetekel für eine "Medizin ohne Empathie" und für die Verschärfung sozialer Ungleichheiten am Krankenbett: Kinder, aber auch Migranten, Alte und Arme seien die Leidtragenden, wenn es "an Geld, Ärzten und Pflegern" fehle. Die Binnenperspektive eröffnet nicht minder alarmierende Einblicke. In einer Studie wurden 2018 zahlreiche Geschäftsführer und Ärzte an Kliniken zu betriebswirtschaftlichen Einflüssen auf ihre Arbeit befragt. Sie zeichneten ein bedrückendes Bild, das die Autoren der Studie wie folgt zusammenfassten: "Die Krankenhausmedizin nimmt fabrikmäßige Züge an, die medizinische Arbeit wird für das ärztliche und pflegerische Personal tendenziell als fremdbestimmt erlebt. [...] Insofern verändert die Ökonomisierung auch mittelbar den Charakter der Medizin."

Abstract
Business and the natural environment, economy and ecology, are commonly perceived as being irreconcilable opposites. This article evaluates the variables of this opposition and asks for differentiated concepts from business and environmental history. In doing so it analyzes the existing literature in both subdisciplines and looks at why they have been relatively isolated from each other. The authors advocate approaches that integrate business and environmental history and take ecological implications of business as serious as the commercial implications of dealing with nature.

Intro -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Crime and (No) Punishment: Business Corporations and Dictatorships -- References -- Chapter 2: Business and the Military in the Argentine Dictatorship (1976-1983): Institutional, Economic, and Repressive Relations -- The 1976-1983 Dictatorship in Argentina -- Intellectual and Institutional Relations Between the Military and Big Business -- Economic and Financial Relations Between the Military and Big Business -- Business Leadership Participation in Repressive Policies -- Conclusion -- References -- Archival Sources -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Building the Dictatorship: Construction Companies and Industrialization in Brazil -- Introduction -- Dictatorship, Business Community, and Economic Policies in Brazil -- Contractors and Dictatorship: Helping Build Authoritarianism -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Authoritarian Rule and Economic Groups in Chile: A Case of Winner-Takes-All Politics -- Introduction -- Economic Modernization in Dictatorship -- The Dictatorship's Economic Transformation: Objectives -- "First Wave" Privatizations (1974-1979): Reversing the Nationalizations and Company Interventions by the Allende Government -- The Privatization of the Pension System -- Second Wave Privatizations (1984-1989) -- The Continuity of the Economic System Imposed by the Dictatorship -- The Weaknesses of the Economic System -- Conflicts of Interest -- The Revolving Door -- Illegal Financing of Politics -- Collusion -- Use of Privileged Information -- Use of Tax Evasion Practices Using Companies Bankrupted in 1982 -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Big Business and Bureaucratic Authoritarianism in Uruguay: A Network-Based Story of Policy Infiltration for Self-Preservation -- Introduction.

1. Crime and (No) Punishment: Business Corporations and Dictatorships -- 2. Business and the Military in the Argentine Dictatorship (1976-1983): Institutional, Economic, and Repressive Relations -- 3. Building the Dictatorship: Construction Companies and Industrialization in Brazil -- 4. Authoritarian Rule and Economic Groups in Chile: A Case of Winner-Takes-All Politics -- 5. Big Business and Bureaucratic Authoritarianism in Uruguay: A Network-Based Story of Policy Infiltration for Self-Preservation -- 6. From Business Associations to Business Groups: Business-Government Relations and Corporate Networks during the Military Dictatorship, Peru 1968-1980 -- 7. Banking Southern Cone Dictatorships -- 8. Confronting Labor Power: Ford Motor Argentina and the Dictatorship (1976-1983) -- 9. A Typology of the Collaboration between Multinational Corporations, Home Governments, and Authoritarian Regimes: Evidence from German Investors in Argentina -- 10. Class Conflict and the Ascent of Globalized Business Groups under Chile's Dictatorship: A Case Study of the Copper Manufacturing Industry -- 11. The Limits of Repression: State-Owned Enterprises, Corruption, Environmental Activism, and the Brazilian Tucuruí Dam (1974-1984) -- 12. Business as Usual under a Military Regime? Volkswagen Do Brazil and the Military Dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1980) -- 13. Securing the Expansion of Capitalism in Colombia: Canadair and the Military Regime of General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla (1953-1957) -- 14. Slippery Alliances in Central America: Multinationals, Dictators, and (under) Development Policies.