Suchergebnisse

Currently, noise exposure in the occupational setting continues to be a problem in industrialized countries, not only because this is the most common occupational disease in these countries, but also because it is transversal to all activity sectors, including leisure activities. Exposure to high noise levels can affect the hearing system. For this reason, the legislation requires that the employer implements a set of measures to protect the exposed worker, and as last solution the use of individual hearing protection. However, what occurs in practice and in the majority of cases is the adoption of the use of hearing protection, at the expense of collective protective measures. Nevertheless, not always their selection is made of the most efficient manner. Excessive attenuation of the protectors, as well as the existence of sectors where impulsive noise is produced, are currently the main concerns of safety technicians.

The objective of this paper is to analyze the negotiation of Brazil's foreign debt within a strategy of economic development. It draws a general profile of the main characteristics of Brazilian indebtedness, emphasizing the gross errors of economic policy made during the period 1974/89. The paper presents a fairly simple model of foreign-debt dynamics and describes the framework of debt-negotiation aims at fighting inflation and restoring economic growth

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a negociação da dívida externa do Brasil dentro de uma estratégia de crescimento econômico. Traça um perfil geral das principais características do endividamento brasileiro, enfatizando os erros grosseiros da política econômica cometidos no período 1974/89. O artigo apresenta um modelo bastante simples de dinâmica da dívida externa e descreve a estrutura dos objetivos do programa de negociação da dívida. no combate à inflação e na restauração do crescimento econômico.

Abstract: Albeit the benefits of delivering psychological services remotely using digital technologies (eMental Health) were established in the literature in the past years, its integration into clinical practice was slow. The COVID-19 pandemic marked an abrupt change, with eMental Health being almost the only way to provide psychological support worldwide. New competencies were demanded from psychologists, accompanied by a growing number of guidelines to support their practices. This work's main goal was to summarize the available guidelines for the practice of remote psychological services. A scoping literature review was conducted until March 2022. All documents that provided guidelines for the remote provision of psychological services were analyzed. A deductive thematic analysis, followed by an inductive thematic analysis, was conducted. The most unanimous result was the importance of incorporating the guidelines available for the presential provision of psychological services in eMental Health services. Additional procedures were suggested, namely, to ensure the privacy and security of the information, therapeutic boundaries and therapeutic setting, and the safety of the clients. Furthermore, aspects such as risk assessment and management, managing interruptions and exits in sessions, multicultural competence of psychologists, and specificities of remote psychological assessment shall be considered before beginning the therapeutic process. This scoping review presents a summary of the available guidelines for the provision of remote psychological services and can be used by Psychologists to make informed decisions regarding their remote practices. It highlights the need to develop specific competencies related to the remote environment, which reinforces the need for formal training and adapting the training curricula of new psychologists.

RESUMO Um modelo de hiperinflação é desenvolvido onde os mercados monetário e de mercadorias desaparecem instantaneamente, as expectativas são racionais e há inércia no sistema de preços devido a mecanismos de indexação de salários. O modelo é descrito por um sistema não linear de equações diferenciais e o teorema da bifurcação de Hopf, considerando o déficit público como parâmetro, é usado para estudar as propriedades dinâmicas do sistema. A dinâmica do modelo é capaz de gerar processos de hiperinflação, bem como outros caminhos que são comumente observados em países com alta inflação.

O processo de dolarizacao ocorreu em varios paises latino-americanos onde a moeda domestica foi substituida pela moeda estrangeira. Na economia brasileira, em virtude do sistema de indexacao e da sofisticacao do setor financeiro, a moeda indexada substituiu a moeda domestica como reserva de valor, enquanto a moeda domestica continuou desempenhando sua funcao tradicional de meio de trocas. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma analise econometrica para o Brasil no periodo 1986/91, quando a substituicao de moeda tornou-se um fenomeno importante. (Pesqui Planej Econ/DÜI)

Abstract. Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) can lead to sensory deficits and compromise functionality. However, most studies have been focused on motor stimulation in stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Sensory stimulation in stroke and mild/moderate TBI has received reduced interest. The main objective of this review is to know the methodological characteristics and effects of sensory programs in ABI. Studies with the purpose of testing the efficacy of those programs were identified through a literature search, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines. Twenty-three studies were included in this review. The results show that in most studies sensory stimulation started within 12 months after injury and there is no consensus regarding frequency, duration and number of sessions, duration of intervention, and instruments used to assess outcomes. Most programs involved unisensory stimulation, and vision was the predominant target. The most used methods were compensation and somatosensory discrimination training. Most studies used a pre- and post-intervention assessment, with few studies comprising follow-up assessment. Regarding the studies revised, the interventions with positive outcomes in ABI are: compensation, cognitive training, vestibular intervention, somatosensory discrimination training, proprioceptive stimulation with muscle vibration, and sustained attention training with olfactory stimulation. Available findings suggest that sensory stimulation has positive results with immediate and long-term improvements in sensory functioning. This review provides useful information to improve rehabilitation and to design future investigation.

O artigo apresenta a modelagem e desenvolvimento de um modelo de simulação para avaliar o reaproveita da água gerada pelos ares-condicionados de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública. Para a construção do modelo (definição de variáveis e suas interrelações) utilizou-se por base teórica as pesquisas bibliográficas e observações do processo da geração da água. Dentre os aspectos analisados, está a redução do impacto financeiro, em função da redução do gasto com o consumo de água potável. Para avaliar as possibilidades, foram gerados três cenários: um cenário baseado na situação atual; outro denominado Cenário Moderado; e, por fim, o cenário otimista. Os resultados obtidos através da simulação demonstram que o processo de reaproveitamento traz um significativo ganho financeiro. O horizonte de tempo simulado foi de dez anos e foi utilizado o software Vensim para o desenvolvimento da simulação.