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Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a major concern of the French Army Health Service who made military GPs the pivot of care courses and field actions. Previous works have shown that despite a good theoretical understanding of pathologies, difficulties remain in the care. We wanted to understand the motivations and the practices of military GPs about TPPT disregarding local opportunities. Patients and methods: A questionnaire by clinical cases was sent electronically to a sample of 400 metropolitan GPs. Results: 151 physicians answered our study. 66.1% had already established an initial diagnosis of traumatic mental disorder. They were related mainly with a military psychiatrist (93%). A restriction of fitness searched mainly to protect the patient from further traumatic encounter (44.5% in 1st choice). The identification of trauma patients had to apply to all personnel returning from foreign countries (88.1%) and by a self-administered questionnaire like PCL-S (23.9% in 1st choice) or collective information (21.8% in 1st choice). Responders were taking care of the direct and indirect witness of a traumatic event risk (71.9%) mainly to diagnose acute stress disorders (54.4% in 1st choice) using a collective information on psychological trauma (25.7% in 1st choice). The information provided to the patient on the evolution of disturbances was mainly focused on the need to support (36.3% in 1st choice) to positively support the evolution of symptoms (46.8% in 1st choice). Discussion: Despite the diversity of experiences and local practices, many principles of action are shared by military GPs. Early identifying and treat is approved by a large proportion of responders. Our study also shows the high exposure of healthcare professionals to traumatic situations. ; Introduction : Les troubles psychiques post-traumatiques sont une préoccupation majeure du Service de Santé des Armées qui a fait du médecin des forces le pivot du parcours de soin et des actions de terrain. Les travaux précédents ont montré ...

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a major concern of the French Army Health Service who made military GPs the pivot of care courses and field actions. Previous works have shown that despite a good theoretical understanding of pathologies, difficulties remain in the care. We wanted to understand the motivations and the practices of military GPs about TPPT disregarding local opportunities. Patients and methods: A questionnaire by clinical cases was sent electronically to a sample of 400 metropolitan GPs. Results: 151 physicians answered our study. 66.1% had already established an initial diagnosis of traumatic mental disorder. They were related mainly with a military psychiatrist (93%). A restriction of fitness searched mainly to protect the patient from further traumatic encounter (44.5% in 1st choice). The identification of trauma patients had to apply to all personnel returning from foreign countries (88.1%) and by a self-administered questionnaire like PCL-S (23.9% in 1st choice) or collective information (21.8% in 1st choice). Responders were taking care of the direct and indirect witness of a traumatic event risk (71.9%) mainly to diagnose acute stress disorders (54.4% in 1st choice) using a collective information on psychological trauma (25.7% in 1st choice). The information provided to the patient on the evolution of disturbances was mainly focused on the need to support (36.3% in 1st choice) to positively support the evolution of symptoms (46.8% in 1st choice). Discussion: Despite the diversity of experiences and local practices, many principles of action are shared by military GPs. Early identifying and treat is approved by a large proportion of responders. Our study also shows the high exposure of healthcare professionals to traumatic situations. ; Introduction : Les troubles psychiques post-traumatiques sont une préoccupation majeure du Service de Santé des Armées qui a fait du médecin des forces le pivot du parcours de soin et des actions de terrain. Les travaux précédents ont montré que, malgré une bonne connaissance théorique des pathologies, des difficultés persistent dans la prise en charge. Nous avons donc voulu connaître les motivations et les pratiques des médecins généralistes militaires concernant les TPPT en faisant abstraction des possibilités locales. Matériels et méthodes : Un questionnaire par cas cliniques a été adressé par voie électronique à un échantillon de 400 médecins des forces métropolitains. Résultats : 151 médecins ont répondu à notre étude. 66,1% avaient déjà établi un diagnostic initial de traumatisme psychique. Ils étaient en lien principalement avec un psychiatre des armées (93%). Une restriction d'aptitude visait surtout à protéger le patient d'une nouvelle rencontre traumatique (44,5% en 1re modalité). Le repérage des patients traumatisés devait s'adresser à tous les personnels revenant de mission (88,1%) et ce par un auto-questionnaire de type PCL-S (23,9% en 1re modalité) ou une information collective (21,8% en 1re modalité). Les répondeurs prenaient en charge les témoins directs et indirects d'un évènement à risque traumatique (71,9%) en majorité pour diagnostiquer les états de stress aigu (54,4% en 1re modalité) en utilisant une information collective sur les traumatismes psychiques (25,7% en 1re modalité). L'information apportée au patient sur l'évolution des troubles étaient principalement focalisée sur la nécessité de prise en charge (36,3% en 1re modalité) afin de soutenir positivement l'évolution des symptômes (46,8% en 1re modalité). Discussion : Malgré la diversité des expériences et des pratiques locales, de nombreux principes d'action sont partagés par les médecins des forces. Le repérage et la prise en charge précoces des troubles sont approuvés par une large majorité de répondants. Notre étude montre également l'exposition élevée des professionnels de santé aux situations traumatiques.

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder is a major concern of the French Army Health Service who made military GPs the pivot of care courses and field actions. Previous works have shown that despite a good theoretical understanding of pathologies, difficulties remain in the care. We wanted to understand the motivations and the practices of military GPs about TPPT disregarding local opportunities. Patients and methods: A questionnaire by clinical cases was sent electronically to a sample of 400 metropolitan GPs. Results: 151 physicians answered our study. 66.1% had already established an initial diagnosis of traumatic mental disorder. They were related mainly with a military psychiatrist (93%). A restriction of fitness searched mainly to protect the patient from further traumatic encounter (44.5% in 1st choice). The identification of trauma patients had to apply to all personnel returning from foreign countries (88.1%) and by a self-administered questionnaire like PCL-S (23.9% in 1st choice) or collective information (21.8% in 1st choice). Responders were taking care of the direct and indirect witness of a traumatic event risk (71.9%) mainly to diagnose acute stress disorders (54.4% in 1st choice) using a collective information on psychological trauma (25.7% in 1st choice). The information provided to the patient on the evolution of disturbances was mainly focused on the need to support (36.3% in 1st choice) to positively support the evolution of symptoms (46.8% in 1st choice). Discussion: Despite the diversity of experiences and local practices, many principles of action are shared by military GPs. Early identifying and treat is approved by a large proportion of responders. Our study also shows the high exposure of healthcare professionals to traumatic situations. ; Introduction : Les troubles psychiques post-traumatiques sont une préoccupation majeure du Service de Santé des Armées qui a fait du médecin des forces le pivot du parcours de soin et des actions de terrain. Les travaux précédents ont montré que, malgré une bonne connaissance théorique des pathologies, des difficultés persistent dans la prise en charge. Nous avons donc voulu connaître les motivations et les pratiques des médecins généralistes militaires concernant les TPPT en faisant abstraction des possibilités locales. Matériels et méthodes : Un questionnaire par cas cliniques a été adressé par voie électronique à un échantillon de 400 médecins des forces métropolitains. Résultats : 151 médecins ont répondu à notre étude. 66,1% avaient déjà établi un diagnostic initial de traumatisme psychique. Ils étaient en lien principalement avec un psychiatre des armées (93%). Une restriction d'aptitude visait surtout à protéger le patient d'une nouvelle rencontre traumatique (44,5% en 1re modalité). Le repérage des patients traumatisés devait s'adresser à tous les personnels revenant de mission (88,1%) et ce par un auto-questionnaire de type PCL-S (23,9% en 1re modalité) ou une information collective (21,8% en 1re modalité). Les répondeurs prenaient en charge les témoins directs et indirects d'un évènement à risque traumatique (71,9%) en majorité pour diagnostiquer les états de stress aigu (54,4% en 1re modalité) en utilisant une information collective sur les traumatismes psychiques (25,7% en 1re modalité). L'information apportée au patient sur l'évolution des troubles étaient principalement focalisée sur la nécessité de prise en charge (36,3% en 1re modalité) afin de soutenir positivement l'évolution des symptômes (46,8% en 1re modalité). Discussion : Malgré la diversité des expériences et des pratiques locales, de nombreux principes d'action sont partagés par les médecins des forces. Le repérage et la prise en charge précoces des troubles sont approuvés par une large majorité de répondants. Notre étude montre également l'exposition élevée des professionnels de santé aux situations traumatiques.

Abstract Acupuncture and moxibustion, which medical doctors are licensed by the government of Japan to perform, can improve the psychological relationship between doctors and patients, especially when it is disturbed by a "game", a dysfunctional interpersonal interaction that is repeated unintentionally. This advantage is due to the essential properties of acupuncture and moxibustion. Acupuncture and moxibustion are helpful in treating somatoform disorders, especially musculoskeletal symptoms. In Japan, a holistic acupuncture and moxibustion therapy called Sawada-style has been developed. This is based on fundamental meridian points that are considered to have effects on central, autonomic nervous, immune, metabolic, and endocrine systems to regulate the whole body balance. In addition, some of the fundamental points have effects on Qi, blood, and water patterns associated with major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorders, and somatoform disorders. The fixed protocol of Sawada-style would be suitable for large-scale, randomized, controlled studies in the future. Recent systematic reviews indicate that electroacupuncture would be a useful addition to antidepressant therapy for some symptoms accompanying fibromyalgia. Acupuncture and moxibustion are also recommended for irritable bowel syndrome, instead of Western drug therapy. Surprisingly, the dorsal prefrontal cerebral cortex, which is associated with a method of scalp acupuncture applied for gastrointestinal disorders, has been found to be activated in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. It is quite possible that regulation of this cortical area is related to the effect of scalp acupuncture. This acupuncture method can be effective not only for irritable bowel syndrome but also for other stress-related gastrointestinal disorders.

Mismanaging the pursuit of happiness causes negative psychological effects such as stress and disappointment. The resultant stress often manifests itself as psychological and physical health problems. We explore the problems of measuring happiness according to materialistic wealth and demonstrate that misinterpreting happiness can lead to a stress inducing pursuit. The happiness that human beings pursue is often material-based hedonism whereas eudaimonic happiness has been shown to be a by-product of the pursuit of meaningful activities. Pursuing a predefined happiness, the failure to achieve it and the resistance to it can create stress induced psychosomatic health problems; temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are one such example. Masticatory myofascial pain syndrome is a form of TMD that has a strong association to psychological stress. In this paper the research on TMD associated facial pain across different socioeconomic status (SES) groups is utilized to compare an objective, stress related physiological disorder with happiness data. We also discuss how the pressures of pursuing socially determined aesthetic happiness such as conforming to society's expectations of smile and facial aesthetics can drive people to make surgical or orthodontic changes. This review proposes that pursuing happiness has the propensity to cause not only psychological stress but also negative behaviors. We aim to encourage further scientific research that will help to clarify this philosophical pursuit.

35th Annual Assistive Technology Conference Scientific/Research Proceedings, San Diego, 2020 ; This paper details the development and initial testing of Smart Home Stress Assist (SHSA), a real-time intervention strategy for military service members with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Military service members affected by mTBI and PTSD are often taught evidence-based strategies such as grounding, deep breathing, and meditation to manage symptoms associated with physical and psychological trauma. However, many experience barriers to using these strategies in times of stress due to challenges with recalling and initiating the multiple steps in the strategies. SHSA was developed to help alleviate some of these challenges. SHSA uses the Amazon Echo and smart home technologies to provide automated support for implementing grounding strategies by changing a user's physical environment (e.g., light, temperature, sound and smell) to help them reconnect with the present moment. Additionally, pre-recorded audio files (e.g. calming music or a family member reminding the user they are safe), preset SMS messages, and cues to use other stress management strategies are provided in an aim to reduce the intensity of the stress episode. Preliminary sit-by user testing demonstrated acceptance within the target population. Additional testing is planned following completion of updates to the system based on user feedback.

Questionnaire data from 38 Czechoslovak refugees living in Switzerland indicated that repetitive nightmares about escaping the exhomeland were more frequent in refugees who described their real life act of escape as more frightening or risky. The level of satisfaction with life in the
host country was unrelated to the incidence of escape nightmares but was inversely related to incidence of other sleep problems (restless sleep and difficulties falling asleep).

Recent studies indicate potential links among work organization, job stress, and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs). In this paper we propose several pathways for a theoretical relationship between job stress and WRMDs. These pathways highlight the physiological, psychological, and behavioral reactions to stress that can affect WRMDs directly and indirectly. One model stipulates that psychosocial work factors (e.g., work pressure, lack of control), which can cause stress, might also influence or be related to ergonomic factors such as force, repetition, and posture that have been identified as risk factors for WRMDs. In order to fully understand the etiology of WRMDs, it is important to examine both physical ergonomic and psychosocial work factors simultaneously. Smith and Carayon-Sainfort (1989) have proposed a model of the work system for stress management that provides a useful framework for conceptualizing the work-related factors that contribute to WRMDs. Practical applications of this research include practitioners taking into account psychosocial work factors and job stress in their efforts to reduce and control WRMDs.

The coronavirus pandemic highlights the urgent need for increased support related to mental health concerns. This study aimed to synthesize the findings of empirical studies reporting the post-traumatic stress symptoms in the general population during the coronavirus pandemic. Whittemore and Knafl's (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52, 546, 2005) integrative review methodology was used to analyse and synthesize the peer-reviewed studies. Five electronic databases, PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Cochrane and Google Scholar were searched using terms related to the coronavirus pandemic and post-traumatic stress symptoms. The quality of the studies was screened and evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The sample size of the 16 studies included in this review ranged from 41 to 3480 participants, with a total of 18 039 participants. The majority of the participants' ages ranged from 30 to 39 years, and 57% of the participants were female. The following factors related to post-traumatic stress symptoms during the coronavirus pandemic were identified as follows: (i) risk factors included social discrimination, fear of uncontrolled contagion and financial burden or economic instability; and, (ii) protective factors included social support and timely government action. A traumatic experience itself can trigger the onset of post-traumatic stress disorder; however, depending on the risk and protection factors, each individual can experience different post-traumatic stress symptoms. Thus, mental health nurses should comprehensively understand how to reduce the influence of risk factors and enhance protective factors when dealing with the pandemic and related trauma. This study's findings are beneficial for identifying, preventing and managing post-traumatic stress symptoms associated with the coronavirus and future pandemics. ; open