Suchergebnisse

Having timely access to emergency health care (EHC) depends largely on where you live. In this Scandinavian case study, we investigate how accessibility to EHC varies spatially in order to reveal potential socio-spatial disparities in access. Distinct measures of EHC accessibility were calculated for southern Sweden in a network analysis using a Geographical Information System (GIS) based on data from 2018. An ANOVA test was carried out to investigate how accessibility vary for different measures between urban and rural areas, and negative binominal regression modelling was then carried out to assess potential disparities in accessibility between socioeconomic and demographic groups. Areas with high shares of older adults show poor access to EHC, especially those in the most remote, rural areas. However, rurality alone does not preclude poor access to EHC. Education, income and proximity to ambulance stations were also associated with EHC accessibility, but not always in expected ways. Despite indications of a well-functioning EHC, with most areas served within one hour, socio-spatial disparities in access to EHC were detected both between places and population groups. ; QC 20220420 Duplicate with diva2:1637219 (part of thesis)

This paper applies nonparametric techniques in order to examine the evolution of the entire distribution of regional productivity in the European Union between 1977 and 1999. Likewise, we study the strength of the respective roles played by regional and sectoral factors in the convergence in productivity observed in the European context. To achieve this aim, we consider a new methodology involving a modification of conventional shift-share analysis and various results reported in the literature on personal income distribution. Our results suggest that regional inequality in productivity in the European Union is closely linked to intrinsic differences between regions. Likewise, the analyses performed reveal the major role played by the national component and the spatial dimension in the explanation of regional disparities in the product per worker in the European Union. In addition, our findings support the relevance of one-sector growth models for analysing regional disparities in per capita income.

AbstractThis paper provides a comprehensive overview of intergenerational income mobility in Sweden. Intergenerational income mobility is considered in both relative and absolute terms, and the analysis is carried out at the individual and municipality level. We use multilevel models to explore the correlation between upward mobility and social, economic and demographic characteristics of cities. We account for a wider set of local characteristics, such as the spatial distribution of income inequality within city and housing affordability that have not been considered by previous studies analysing social mobility in the United States or other European countries.The analyses are carried out on three subpopulations: offspring who live in a different municipality than their parents (spatial mobile population); offspring who live in the municipality where they grew up (spatial immobile population); offspring belonging to visible minority groups.Our results show substantial differences across municipalities, meaning that the particular combination of municipality attributes contributes to shaping the chance of status attainment among young generations. Highly mobile municipalities have more significant human capital, more residential segregation by income, more local levels of income inequality, and greater accessibility to jobs. The results indicate that dependence on parents' support and network for upward mobility is of less importance, and that spatial mobility (regardless of background) especially to larger urban areas is associated with upward mobility for the children.

After a decade of devolution and amid uncertainties about its effects, it is timely to assess and reflect upon the evidence and enduring meaning of any 'economic dividend' of devolution in the UK. Taking an institutionalist and quantitative approach, we seek to discern the nature and extent of any economic dividend through a conceptual and empirical analysis of the relationships between spatial disparities, spatial economic policy, and decentralisation. Situating the UK experience within its evolving historical context, we find: (i) a varied and uneven nature of the relationships between regional disparities, spatial economic policy, and decentralisation that change direction during specific time periods; (ii) the role of national economic growth is pivotal in explaining spatial disparities and the nature and extent of their relationship with the particular forms of spatial economic policy and decentralisation deployed; and, (iii) there is limited evidence that any economic dividend of devolution has emerged, but this remains difficult to discern because its likely effects are overridden by the role of national economic growth in decisively shaping the pattern of spatial disparities and in determining the scope and effects of spatial economic policy and decentralisation.

This research aims at revealing the causal relationships of neoliberal urbanization and socio-spatial disparities of urban peripheries by exemplifying two lower income neighborhoods. The dwellers of the Kusunlar neighborhood, a social housing neighborhood situated at the urban periphery of Ankara, are mostly the former informal settlement dwellers and they represent the lower strata of the society. The dwellers of the Ben-Gurion-Ring neighborhood, a social housing neighborhood situated at the urban periphery of Frankfurt am Main, are mostly constituted by people with immigration background. Although the two cases share several similarities such as being situated at the urban periphery, being areas where poverty is concentrated, suffering from physical isolation, and having bad reputations, they still represent two different development contexts. Therefore, they are neither compared nor contrasted. They are rather explained and described in terms of their context-specific legal-economic and socio-spatial dimensions. Without overlooking the discourse of global neoliberalization, their common outcomes are combined as a framework to draw policy-oriented conclusions. ; Cette recherche vise à mettre en avant les relations de causalité de l'urbanisation néolibéraliste et des disparités socio-spatiales des périphéries urbaines, à travers l'exemple de deux quartiers à faible revenu. Les habitants du quartier Kusunlar, constitué de logements sociaux et situé à la périphérie urbaine d'Ankara, sont pour la plupart les habitants originels des installations informelles, et représentent la strate inférieure de la société. Les habitants du quartier Ben-Gurion-Ring, aussi constitué de logements sociaux et situé à la périphérie urbaine de Francfort-sur-le-Main, sont pour la plupart d'origine immigrante. Bien que les deux cas partagent des caractéristiques similaires, comme par exemple leur localisation, leur mauvaise réputation, leur concentration de pauvreté, ou la souffrance liée à leur isolation géographique, ils représentent tout de même deux cas différent de contexte de développement. Ainsi, ils ne seront ni comparés, ni mis en contraste. Ils seront au contraire expliqués et décris, précisément en termes de leur contexte économico-légal, et socio-spatial. Sans négliger le discours de la néo-libéralisation mondiale, leurs résultats communs seront combinés en tant que cadre de recherche pour tirer des conclusions axées sur les politiques de la ville.

This research aims at revealing the causal relationships of neoliberal urbanization and socio-spatial disparities of urban peripheries by exemplifying two lower income neighborhoods. The dwellers of the Kusunlar neighborhood, a social housing neighborhood situated at the urban periphery of Ankara, are mostly the former informal settlement dwellers and they represent the lower strata of the society. The dwellers of the Ben-Gurion-Ring neighborhood, a social housing neighborhood situated at the urban periphery of Frankfurt am Main, are mostly constituted by people with immigration background. Although the two cases share several similarities such as being situated at the urban periphery, being areas where poverty is concentrated, suffering from physical isolation, and having bad reputations, they still represent two different development contexts. Therefore, they are neither compared nor contrasted. They are rather explained and described in terms of their context-specific legal-economic and socio-spatial dimensions. Without overlooking the discourse of global neoliberalization, their common outcomes are combined as a framework to draw policy-oriented conclusions. ; Cette recherche vise à mettre en avant les relations de causalité de l'urbanisation néolibéraliste et des disparités socio-spatiales des périphéries urbaines, à travers l'exemple de deux quartiers à faible revenu. Les habitants du quartier Kusunlar, constitué de logements sociaux et situé à la périphérie urbaine d'Ankara, sont pour la plupart les habitants originels des installations informelles, et représentent la strate inférieure de la société. Les habitants du quartier Ben-Gurion-Ring, aussi constitué de logements sociaux et situé à la périphérie urbaine de Francfort-sur-le-Main, sont pour la plupart d'origine immigrante. Bien que les deux cas partagent des caractéristiques similaires, comme par exemple leur localisation, leur mauvaise réputation, leur concentration de pauvreté, ou la souffrance liée à leur isolation géographique, ils représentent tout de même deux cas différent de contexte de développement. Ainsi, ils ne seront ni comparés, ni mis en contraste. Ils seront au contraire expliqués et décris, précisément en termes de leur contexte économico-légal, et socio-spatial. Sans négliger le discours de la néo-libéralisation mondiale, leurs résultats communs seront combinés en tant que cadre de recherche pour tirer des conclusions axées sur les politiques de la ville.