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Website containing visualizations of data on education, military, and healthcare spending among G20 governments. To use this site, download the .zip file, unzip it, and use a local webserver to browse the site. It is also available on github.io here. Created for Visualization of Complex Data (DATS 6401) class at George Washington University. Data originally from World Bank Open Data. This data was preprocessed and transformed for use in this site; preprocessed data available here.

Purpose This article investigates the impact of the growth of the share of various government expenditure programmes in the GDP on economic growth in developing countries while taking into consideration the major issue of potential simultaneity. Findings Based on data from the World Bank and using two samples of 28 developing economies, we find that per capita GDP growth is dependent upon the growth of per capita public health expenditure in the GDP, growth of per capita public spending on education in the GDP, population growth, growth of the share of total health expenditure in the GDP and the share of gross capital formation in the GDP. Practical implications Statistical results of such empirical examination will assist policy-makers in developing countries prioritize their government expenditure in order to stimulate economic growth. Methodology/approach Data for all variables are from the World Development Indicators (2008 and 2010). We specify and estimate a simultaneous equations model which consists of two government expenditure growth equations and a GDP growth equation. We observe that some coefficient estimates do not have the expected sign due to possible collinearity among some independent variables.

In a simple cash-credit model, I study the effects of the combination of costly tax collection and tax evasion on fiscal and monetary policy for optimal resource allocation. Allowing the informal sector to use cash more intensively than the formal sector, I compute the optimal interest and tax rates for eleven OECD countries to finance their exogeneously given government spending. A comparison of the actual and optimal interest rates reveals that tax collection costs and tax evasion together can partly explain the cross-country differences in monetary policy, also rationalizing deviations from the Friedman Rule in the long-run.

Whether cost control initiatives increase state and municipal spending; US.

This research inquired into whether government structure has any influence on expenditure. On the national sample of U.S. county governments several hypotheses were tested. To estimate the influence of structure on expenditure, a linear regression analysis was used. The findings suggest that government structure does have an impact on agencies' expenditure levels. Specifically, findings indicate that traditional Commission structure tends to spend the least, followed by Commission-mayor and the most expensive being Commission-manager.

This study presents three sets of data dealing with Federal Government revenues, expenditures, and financing for the period 1861–1875. These extend and augment the author's previous estimates covering the years through 1860. The first set presents expenditures classified by major function, annual, by fiscal year ending June 30. The second set consists of annual estimates of Federal revenue and expenditures on a money-flow basis comparable to the national income accounts. The two sets differ slightly in totals because of differing degrees of netting.

The large and growing size of state-local spend ing makes the search for efficiency increasingly important. The biggest issues are those dealing with program elements, but operations and management also involve large amounts. The concept of efficiency in government spending presents dif ficult problems, several being noted as helping to explain apparent slowness in achieving results. Ten factors associated with the growth of state-local spending and obstacles to ef ficiency are identified. One line of progress is to improve organization as such, and much has already been done in some states and localities. Various factors continue to delay actions having much promise of good results. Central supervision of local activities can both help and hurt. To date, methods of tested success in the quest for improvement are less generally used than reason would indicate as feasible to raise the quality of accomplishment and reduce cost. The same applies to personnel policies. The large portion of total spending which goes for salaries makes personnel practices of key significance. Civil service merit systems, though extensive, are far from universal in state-local government. Fourteen specific areas for improving operating methods are listed, with the conclu sion that general adoption of means which experience has shown can yield good results would produce significant cumu lative benefit. Improvement of purchasing methods is one of the more important. Special commissions and permanent non- official groups have a record of accomplishment which argues for an expansion of their use.