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This study analyzes the relationship between governmental financial support and university performance to determine whether the former enhances the latter or if universities enhance performance to attain government financial support. The types of financial support to universities considered in this study include those from central and local governments. University performance is defined in terms of the job-finding rates of students, number of publications in South Korean academic journals per full-time faculty member, and number of publications in SCI journals per full-time faculty member. This study uses financial support data of 148 universities from 2009 to 2017. To investigate the relationship between university financial support and performance, we use panel Granger causality testing and panel vector auto-regressive modeling. The results show that both central and local governmental financial support have an endogenous association with students&rsquo ; job-finding rates. However, local governmental financial support and research performance show a reverse causality association.

This study examines the George Coles bursary program—a financial aid plan designed to "keep residents at home" so they can attend university, by providing a bursary in their first year of university following high school graduation. The study offers insight into higher education students' financial circumstances, thereby suggesting policy direction for governments and higher education institutions wishing to retain talent and support student financing. The findings show that the resident students considered in the study appeared to value the bursary. However, none of the key metrics related to participation in or conversion to the home institution indicated that the bursary impacted enrolment or participation. This research highlights the importance of utilizing financial aid in combination with other policies to help students access higher education. ; Cette étude examine le programme boursier George-Coles, un programme d'aide financière conçu pour «garder les étudiants chez eux» afin qu'ils puissent fréquenter l'université de leur région. Le programme remet une bourse durant la première année universitaire, après l'obtention d'un diplôme d'études secondaires. La présente étude a permis de mieux comprendre les questions d'ordre financier des étudiants inscrits à l'enseignement supérieur, et ce qui peut aider à orienter les politiques des gouvernements et des établissements d'enseignement supérieur relativement à la rétention des talents et au soutien financier des étudiants. L'étude révèle que les étudiants locaux semblaient apprécier la bourse, mais aucun des paramètres clés liés à la participation ou à la conversion à l'établissement d'origine n'indique que la bourse a eu un effet sur le taux d'inscription universitaire des régions. Cette étude met en évidence l'importance d'utiliser l'aide financière, en combinaison avec d'autres politiques, dans le but d'aider les étudiants à accéder à l'enseignement supérieur.

In order to improve the results of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship, local governments need to analyze from the perspectives of support policies, financial support, innovation model guidance and government-enterprise cooperation. Therefore, this paper proposes several assumptions. There is a positive correlation between government financial support and entrepreneurship rate, and whether government-enterprise cooperation, model guidance and financial support are the main influencing factors of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship support. The results showed that the innovation model was the indirect factor of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship, with an impact of 0.63, the government-enterprise cooperation was a secondary factor, and the influence was 0.89, the impact of policy and financial support on college innovation and entrepreneurship was a short-term impact, the government support policy was a long-term impact, and the school-enterprise cooperation was an intermediary factor. Therefore, local governments should strengthen early financial support and introduce support policies to promote the development of college students' innovation and entrepreneurship and ensure the effect of innovation and entrepreneurship.

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 has severely affected the financially constrained small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In response, various countries employed several policies to support SMEs. Using rich firm‐level data from 34 countries, we study the impact of the pandemic‐led crisis on cash‐strapped SMEs and the role of governments in offsetting losses. Our results suggest that (i) government support programmes target mostly financially constrained firms; (ii) firms adjustments to the pandemic are associated with the likelihood of government support; (iii) financially constrained firms are more likely to lay off workers; and (iv) financially constrained firms layoff more male employees than female employees.

For the effective functioning of local governments an important role is played by the sufficiency of the revenue base of local budgets. It is the municipal level of power in the Russian Federation that is responsible for the most important social expenditures of the state. The purpose of this work is to analyze the revenue sources of local governments, as well as the expenditures of municipal budgets in Russia in the framework of the sub-federal fiscal policy. A set of calculations based on materials from municipalities of the Russian Federation allows to determine the main directions of formation of revenues and expenditures of budgets of local governments, as well as assess the impact of the budget policy of regional authorities on incentives for the socio-economic development of municipalities. The analysis of budget revenues and expenditures by types of municipalities in Russia has been carried out in order to identify their budget solvency both in statics and in dynamics. The results of the study can be applied in studying the possibilities of improving budget policy in the direction of leveling and stimulating local governments to strengthen their own revenue base. It has been concluded that the improvement of intergovernmental relations should include measures to strengthen the tax potential of municipalities, which is impossible without ensuring stable fixed tax revenues for local budgets.

Existing studies on the linkage between government subsidies and firm financial performance often use a mean regression approach and focus mainly on developed countries. To fill the gap, this study, for the first time, considers the impact of government support activities on the profitability of manufacturing SMEs in a developing country, Vietnam. Using an unbalanced panel dataset covering the period 2009–2015, government financial supports show an insignificant linkage with firm profitability when using OLS. However, a fixed‑effect quantile approach reveals that government financial support is negatively related for firms with low profit but is positively related for firms in the high profitability percentile. Our findings also suggest that policymakers should focus on helping start‑ups instead of ineffective, informal firms. ; Istniejące badania dotyczące związku między subwencjami rządowymi a wynikami finansowymi przedsiębiorstw często wykorzystują średnie podejście oparte na analizie regresji i koncentrują się głównie na krajach rozwiniętych. Aby wypełnić tę lukę, badanie to po raz pierwszy bierze pod uwagę wpływ działań wspierających rząd na opłacalność MŚP produkcyjnych w kraju rozwijającym się, jakim jest Wietnam. Wykorzystując niezbilansowany panel danych, obejmujący okres 2009–2015, wykazano, że rządowe wsparcie finansowe ma niewielki wpływ na rentowność jeśli zastosuje się zwykłą metodę najmniejszych kwadratów (OLS). Jednak metoda regresji kwantylowej z efektami stałymi pokazuje, że wsparcie finansowe ma negatywny wpływ na rentowność w przypadku firm o niskich zyskach, ale wpływa pozytywnie w przypadku firm o wysokim percentylu rentowności. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań sugerują również, że decydenci powinni skupić się na wspieraniu start‑upów, a nie nieefektywnych firm niezarejestrowanych.

In the last issue of Intereconomics, a first article by the present authors looked into the measures that central banks have taken in support of the financial sector in an effort to mitigate the effects of the financial crisis. This second article describes the measures taken by governments to contain the impact of the financial crisis and discusses potential exit strategies. Although the focus is on the measures implemented by euro area governments, the article also compares these measures with the ones taken in the United Kingdom and the United States.

Mestrado em Ensino Superior ; Este estudo procura analisar as percepções dos administradores de acção social em relação às políticas de apoio financeiro aos alunos, nomeadamente: "Government Scholarship Schemes, Student Loan Fund Schema (SLF) e Income Contingent Loan Scheme (ICL)". Estes sistemas são providenciados aos alunos de formação inicial através das instituições de ensino superior. Foi elaborado e administrado um questionário a todos os administradores cujos dados foram submetidos a análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Dos 141 questionários distribuídos 73 foram devolvidos o que representa uma taxa de resposta de 52%. Os dados revelam a existência de um forte consenso nos administradores relativamente aos assuntos em análise. Em geral, os administradores reconhecem a importância das políticas e os seus efeitos na sociedade, no sistema e nas instituições. A análise revela a existência de percepções positivas em relação aos resultados das políticas e desejos para melhorar a concepção administrativa. Os sistemas de apoio aos alunos foram percepcionados como possuindo papéis e características distintas. Entre estes, o SLF é percepcionado como o mais adequado para o sistema de ensino superior Tailandês, enquanto o ICL corresponde ao que tem níveis menos satisfatórios para estes administradores. As percepções dos administradores foram reveladas tanto com base em questões fechadas como abertas tratadas com base em análise quantitativa e qualitativa. ABSTRACT: This study explores the perceptions of student affair administrators concerning the role of three student financial support policies consisting of: Government Scholarship schemes, Student Loan Fund scheme (SLF), and Income Contingent Loan scheme (ICL) which Thai government provided for undergraduate students and their implementation in the higher education institutions. A survey instrument was developed and administered for quantitative and qualitative analysis. 73 of the possible 141 surveys distributed were returned for an overall response rate of 52%. ...

У статті розкриваються теоретичні засади державної фінансової підтримки розвитку малих підприємств. Досліджено теоретичні засади розвитку малих підприємств в економіці України. Сформульовано власне визначення сутності державної фінансової підтримки малих підприємств. Обґрунтовано, що на рівні держави необхідні зміни, які забезпечать умови для розвитку малих підприємств як гарантію позитивних зрушень в національній економіці. Встановлено, що державна фінансова підтримка повинна базуватися на відповідній методологічній базі до якої належать: принципи, методи і механізми державної фінансової підтримки. Розкрито інтереси держави та малих підприємств в процесі реалізації державної фінансової підтримки. Обґрунтовано варіанти взаємодії держави і суб'єктів малого підприємництва в процесі здійснення державної фінансової підтримки. Запропоновано власне розуміння інституційної структури державної фінансової підтримки малих підприємств. The article is to study the theoretical foundations of state financial support to small businesses. In the article theoretical principles of state financial support to small businesses. The theoretical bases of small businesses in the economy of Ukraine. Formulates his own definition of the essence of public financial support for small businesses. Proved that at the state level necessary changes that will ensure the conditions for small businesses as a guarantee of positive changes in the national economy. Established that state financial support should be based on relevant methodological basis which include: principles, methods and mechanisms of state financial support. Basic principles, methods and mechanisms that should form the basis of state financial support. Reveals the interests of the state and small enterprises in the implementation of public financial support. Grounded versions interaction between state and small businesses in the implementation of public financial support. A proper understanding of the institutional framework of public financial support for small businesses.