Suchergebnisse

The liberalization and integration of natural gas markets in Europe have resulted in gas-to-gas competition on a European scale with closely related natural gas prices in the various markets. More recently, the European Union aims to become a resilient energy union which may call for additional policy measures. In this paper we discuss the need for such additional measures on top of the existing measures to liberalize and integrate markets. We test the hypothesis that the European natural gas market is resilient to adequately deal with external shocks by analyzing the five most dramatic supply disturbances in the European natural gas markets over the past decade. We find that the natural gas markets were able to trigger responses by market parties which prevented forced supply of gas to consumers in almost all cases. In one case, infrastructure bottlenecks prevented market players to adequately respond to a shock. Hence, we conclude that the best policy to create a resilient energy union is to further integrate European markets and to further remove barriers for market participants.

Climate Trading provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging greenhouse gas emissions trading markets. The book covers events in the UN climate negotiations and the development of the international emissions trading system under the Kyoto Protocol. The key focus of the book is the emerging domestic and international emissions trading schemes, project based trading programmes, and the developing greenhouse gas markets. As governments implement regulations to meet domestic and international greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, it is crucial for capital market practitioners and industr

This report provides and analyzes basic information concerning the gas to liquids industry (GTL) industry to inform debate on broad energy legislation, as well as more specific natural gas legislation on supply issues including an Alaskan natural gas pipeline as well as LNG facility development.

Foreword -- Preface -- Overview -- Part I: Natural Gas Market Scenario in India -- Part II: Gas Sourcing, Contract, and Pricing -- Part III: City Gas Distribution in India -- Part IV: Legal, Regulatory Developments: Impact on Natural Gas Market in India -- Part V: Other Important Areas -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Natural Gas Market Scenario in India -- 1 India's Active Engagement with Natural Gas: Imperatives and Challenges -- Abstract -- 1 India's Energy Scenario -- 2 Why We Need Natural Gas? -- 3 Oil Indexation Playing a Crucial Role -- 4 Natural Gas and INDC -- 5 Natural Gas Scenario of India -- 5.1 Natural Gas Reserves -- 5.2 Domestic Production of Natural Gas -- 5.3 Natural Gas Demand -- 5.4 Natural Gas Trade -- 5.5 Gas Utilization Policy -- 5.6 Regional Imbalance in Natural Gas Infrastructure -- 5.7 Gas Pipeline Grid -- 5.8 Gas Pricing -- 6 Discussions -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Impact of Slashing Oil Prices on the Natural Gas Market -- Abstract -- 1 Natural Gas: Background in Indian Perspective -- 2 Environmental and Safety Aspects -- 3 Key Factors Distressing the Prices of Natural Gas -- 4 Tale of Falling Crude Oil Prices -- 5 Low Oil Are Challenging Natural Gas Markets -- 6 Macroeconomic and Fiscal Propositions -- 7 Impact on the Indian Economy -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Gas Sourcing, Contract, and Pricing -- 3 Sourcing of Natural Gas Through Cross Border Pipelines -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) Pipeline -- 1.2 Iran-Pakistan-India Pipeline (IPI) -- 1.3 Middle East to India Deep-Sea Pipeline (Oman-India Pipeline) -- 1.4 Myanmar-Bangladesh-India (MBI) Pipeline -- 1.5 Russia-India Gas Pipeline -- 1.6 Other Options -- 2 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Issues and Challenges of Gas Contracts -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction

This book explores in detail the challenges which the European gas markets currently face, and the opportunities they present. Bringing together some of the most prominent gas experts on Europe from both academia and industry, this edited volume provides a comprehensive analysis of the various economic, political and technological factors that interact in this sector. Featuring a Foreword by Maroš Šefčovič, Vice-President of the European Commission in charge of the Energy Union, contributions explore a wide range of issues, such as the role of gas in decarbonizing Europe, the outlook of Europe's gas demand, supply and pricing, and global LNG dynamics. Country specific studies include Russia, Norway, the Netherlands, and Germany, with regional studies including North Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean. Alongside detailed analysis of this complex sector it also puts forward a set of policy recommendations for the sector's key stakeholders. This volume will be of interest to researchers and academics, as well as practitioners and professionals within European gas markets