Suchergebnisse

How, in the aftermath of National Socialism and World War II, was the memory landscape of Munich and Bavaria denazified under the Office of the Military Government of the United States? Supplementing existing cultural approaches and scholarship on denazification in Bavaria, this article considers the execution of Allied Control Council Directive Number 30 by the American occupation government (omgus) in Bavaria, in conjunction with appropriated native Bavarian bureaucracies and bureaucrats, to inventory and assess the built environment in order to register militaristic or Nazi monuments and prioritize their removal or modification. The limitations of the project to renew or restore the monument landscape confront in turn the limitations on the "bureaucratic manufacture of memory" in the modification of individual memory.

We study the effects of transitional justice (TJ) programs that punish large numbers of human rights violators through the lenses of social psychology theories on how individuals respond to punishment in allocative situations, including how defendants in court trials evaluate their
verdicts. We analyze subnational variation in procedures and outcomes of denazification trials in West Germany during 1946-1947. Consistently with established findings in social psychology, we find that procedural justice and the distributive fairness of outcomes can compensate for the anti-democratic
attitudinal effects of being a defendant in a TJ trial. We also find evidence that procedural justice influences the democratic attitudes of family members of TJ defendants. The study has implications for contemporary cases of TJ programs that affect large numbers of perpetrators.

THE HISTORY OF DENAZIFICATION INVOLVES HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDING OF FASCISM AND ACTUALLY EXISTING SOCIALISM, ABUSES OF CRIMINAL LAW AND CIVIL RIGHTS, MORAL QUESTIONS OF CULPABILITY AND PUNISHMENT, AND PRACTICIAL IMPLICATIONS OF THESE PROBLEMS FOR THE HOLDERS OF POWER AND THE EXTENT OF THAT POWER. THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF THESE ASPECTS IS EXAMINED BY COMPARING SOME ASPECTS OF DENAZIFICATION WITH SOME ASPECTS OF STALINIZATION TODAY. A NUMBER OF BROAD ISSUES ARE STATED WHICH ARE RAISED BY BOTH THE NAZI AND THE SED EXPERIENCES, QUESTIONS THAT SHOULD BE PUT BEFORE THE PUBLIC BUT ARE INSTEAD CONCEALED BY THE PRESENT STASI DISCUSSIONS. THIS ARTICLE CONCLUDES THAT THE QUESTION OF MORAL RESPONSIBLITY NEED NOT BE CLEANLY RESOLVED FOR US TO KNOW WHERE THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES FALL.

Crimes of the Stasi in East Germany as symptomatic of a system which abused political power.