Suchergebnisse

Abstract. Background: Few studies have investigated whether means accessibility is related to the spatial distribution of suicide. Aims: To examine the hypothesis that indicators of the accessibility to specific suicide methods were associated with method-specific suicide rates in Taipei City, Taiwan. Method: Smoothed standardized mortality ratios for method-specific suicide rates across 432 neighborhoods and their associations with means accessibility indicators were estimated using Bayesian hierarchical models. Results: The proportion of single-person households, indicating the ease of burning charcoal in the home, was associated with charcoal-burning suicide rates (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 1.13, 95% credible interval [CrI] = 1.03–1.25). The proportion of households living on the sixth floor or above, indicating easy access to high places, was associated with jumping suicide rates (aRR = 1.16, 95% CrI, 1.04–1.29). Neighborhoods' adjacency to rivers, indicating easy access to water, showed no statistical evidence of an association with drowning suicide rates (aRR = 1.27, 95% CrI = 0.92–1.69). Hanging and overall suicide rates showed no associations with any of these three accessibility indicators. Limitations: This is an ecological study; associations between means accessibility and suicide cannot be directly inferred as causal. Conclusion: The findings have implications for identifying high-risk groups for charcoal-burning suicide (e.g., vulnerable individuals living alone) and preventing jumping suicides by increasing the safety of high buildings.

This study examines employment decisions of 113 single and 322 married mothers and predicts that mothers were more likely to engage in paid work when the following factors were present: the acceptance of childcare from others, the association of positive meaning with employment, the importance of being part of the workforce, and the belief in enriched human capital. Mothers who believed that housework affects the ability to work outside the home and who adhered to beliefs favoring division of labor by gender were less likely to seek paid employment.

Der taiwanesische Politologe resümiert im vorliegenden Beitrag den aktuellen Stand der innerchinesischen Beziehungen, wobei er sowohl die Ziele und Strategien der volksrepublikanischen Taiwan-Politik als auch die Interessen und Probleme der taiwanesischen Festlandpolitik beleuchtet. Während er auf seiten Pekings aggressive Vereinigungstheoretik, verbunden mit forciertem Werben um taiwanesische Investoren und mit harscher Kritik an "separatistischen Tendenzen" registriert, konstatiert er andererseits erste vorsichtige Korrekturen der betont zurückhaltenden Festlandpolitik der Inselregierung (administrative und legislative Maßnahmen, nicht zuletzt als Reaktion auf Druck aus Wirtschaftskreisen). (BIOst-Klk)

Aus taiwanesischer Sicht

Taiwan has been ruled by a variety of political regimes and the different ruling elites have used Taiwan's place names to shape their symbolic landscape. The end of World War Two witnessed the most tremendous change of place names in Taiwan when the Chinese Nationalist government or Kuomintang (KMT) established itself on the island. The traditional approach to toponymy mainly treats place names as the objective projection of culture on the physical landscape. However, recent research has turned to borrow concepts from critical theories to explore the expression of power inherent in geographical naming. This article will consider place naming as the illustration of state power on its symbolic landscape by examining all the street names in Taipei City, the capital of Taiwan. ; Tajvan je bil pod različnimi političnimi režimi in vsaka vladajoča elita je za oblikovanje svoje simbolične pokrajine uporabljala tajvanska krajevna imena. Ob koncu druge svetovne vojne, ko so otoku zavladali kitajski nacionalisti ali Kuomintang (KMT), se je Tajvan soočil z ogromnimi spremembami krajevnih imen. Tradicionalni pristop k toponimiji obravnava krajevna imena predvsem kot objektivne projekcije kulture na fizično pokrajino. Najnovejše raziskave pa so si za raziskovanje izražanja moči v geografskem poimenovanju izposodile koncepte kritičnih teorij. Pričujoči članek bo obravnaval krajevna imena kot odsev državne moči na svojih simboličnih pokrajinah z raziskovo vseh imen ulic v mestu Taibei, glavnem mestu Tajvana.

Es war nicht das erste Mal, dass Bürgermeister- und Stadtratswahlen in Taiwan in der inter-nationalen Presse Beachtung fanden. Dies hat vielmehr schon Tradition: Diese Wahlen waren einst wichtige Etappen in der Demokratisierung des Landes. Besonders gilt dies für die Hauptstadt Taipei (Taibei, 2,6 Mio. Einwohner) und die südtaiwanische Hafen- und Industriestadt Kaohsiung (Gaoxiong, 1,5 Mio.).